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DEN 7108 Micro and Immuno Concepts Part II > 1/9 Endodontic Kingsley Microbiology and Immunology > Flashcards

1/9 Endodontic Kingsley Microbiology and Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Infection pathways to reach dental pulp include:

A
  • dentinal tubules through carious lesions
  • open cavity (direct pulp exposure)
  • periodontal membrane
  • bloodstream (anachoresis)
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2
Q

Porphyromonas species are _____ and _______

A

“red complex” periodontal and endodontic pathogens

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3
Q

Porphyromonas classification

A
  • Gram-negative
  • non-motile
  • anaerobic
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4
Q

Porphyromonas spp produce ____ which converts hemoglobin to ______

A

Hemolysin; black pigment

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5
Q

Porphyromonas spp - virulence factors

A
  • LPS (endotoxin), causes inflammation
  • fimbriae (adhesion)
  • capsular polysaccharide (anti-phagocytic)
  • gingipains
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6
Q

What are gingipains?

A

Proteases that induce proinflammatory breakdown of periodontal tissues

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7
Q

Red complex high risk pathogens

A
  • Porphyromonas spp.
  • Treponema spp.
  • Tannerella forsythia
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8
Q

Treponema spp - classification

A
  • Gram-negative
  • anaerobic
  • spirochete (motile)
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9
Q

Treponema spp. - virulence factors

A
  • resistant to human beta defensins
  • LPS (endotoxin), causes inflammation
  • coaggregation with P. gingivalis to stimulate gingipain production
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10
Q

Treponema spp. coaggregate with P. gingivalis to stimulate ____ production

A

Gingipain

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11
Q

Where are beta defensins found?

A

In saliva and blood (susceptible to complement)

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12
Q

HBD1 or DEFB1 rs11362 is associated with:

A

High DMFT scores

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13
Q

Tannerella forsythia - classification

A
  • Gram-negative
  • fusiform
  • anaerobic
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14
Q

____ is strongly associated with smoking

A

Tannerella forsythia

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15
Q

Tannerella forsythia - virulence factors

A
  • LPS (inflammation)
  • BspA
  • glycosidases
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16
Q

Tannerella forsythia can cause endodontal infection with what kind of presentation?

A
  • “pink tooth” - chronic pulpal inflammation leading to internal tooth resorption
  • caused by BspA
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17
Q

MUC7 gene 6/6 has ____ caries risk

A

Increased

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18
Q

Tannerella glycosidases degrade ____ which expose _____

A

Proteoglycans; adhesion sites

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19
Q

Orange complex - moderate risk pathogens

A
  • Prevotella spp.
  • Fusobacterium spp.
  • Gram positive anaerobic rods
  • Gram positive cocci
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20
Q

Endodontic microbiota - gram positive anaerobic rods examples

A
  • Actinomyces spp.
  • Eubacterium spp.
  • Slacka exigua
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21
Q

Endodontic microbiota - gram positive cocci example

A

Streptococcus spp.

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22
Q

Prevotella species are ____ microbes

A

Black pigmented, “orange complex”

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23
Q

Prevotella sp. classification

A
  • gram-negative
  • anaerobic
  • coccobacilli
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24
Q

Prevotella contains ____ which converts hemoglobin to _____

A

Hemolysin; black pigment

25
Q

Prevotella spp. virulence factors

A
  • Elastin serine protease
  • Interpain A
  • IgA protease
  • IgG protease (IgG3)
26
Q

Prevotella spp. contain interpain A which is a ____ and its function is to ____

A

cysteine proteinase; degrade complement C3

27
Q

Selective IgA deficiency has _____ caries risk

28
Q

Prevotella spp. proteases degrade:

A

IgA and IgG

29
Q

Fusobacterium spp. classification

A
  • Gram-negative
  • anaerobic
  • fusiform
30
Q

____ is a bridge species between early and late colonizers

A

Fusobacterium spp.

31
Q

______ has a corn cob formation

A

Fusobacterium spp (F. nucleatum)

32
Q

Fusobacterium spp. virulence factors

A
  • multiple adhesins
  • FadA
  • stimulates inflammation which may promote internal resorption
  • fipA or FIP
33
Q

Fusobacterium spp. produces FadA which:

A

Binds host cells and allows pericellular invasion (sticks between cells)

34
Q

Fusobacterium spp. produce fipA or FIP which:

A

Inhibits T-cell activation (immunosuppressive protein)

35
Q

Fusobacterium spp: HTLV and HIV decrease _____

A

T-cell function

36
Q

Eubacterium is a ____ between early and late colonizers

A

bridge species

37
Q

Eubacterium has a ____ formation

A

corn cob (E. yurii)

38
Q

Eubacterium virulence factors

A
  • adhesion factors
  • butyric acid fermentation
39
Q

Eubacterium promotes fermentation of ____ which _____

A

Butyric acid; inhibits wound healing (fibroblast proliferation)

40
Q

____ causes cervicofacial actinomycosis also known as “lumpy jaw”

A

Actinomyces spp.

41
Q

Actinomyces spp virulence factors

A
  • fimbriae bind PRPs and statherin
  • acid production (causes carious lesions)
42
Q

Actinomyces is typically found in:

A

Persistent and extraradicular infections

43
Q

True or false: Actinomyces is often found in early stages of endodontic infection

A

False - rarely

44
Q

PRH2 _____ caries risk

45
Q

Statherin SNP (deletion) ____ caries risk

46
Q

Actinomyces spp. fimbriae preferentially bind:

A

PRPs and statherin

47
Q

Slacka exigua is a _____ in endodontic infections

A

Gram positive anaerobic rod

48
Q

Regarding Slacka exigua, genetics suggest:

A

Butyric acid fermentation is a virulence factor

49
Q

Other endodontic microbiota

A
  • Dialister spp.
  • Candida albicans
50
Q

Dialister spp is recovered from ____ and is found in ___ of endodontic infection

A

Deep periodontal pockets; 50%

51
Q

____ distinguishes different species of yeast

A

Pagano-levin agar

52
Q

Most common cause of denture stomatitis

A

Candida albicans

53
Q

Most common factor underlying C. albicans infection

A

Broad spectrum antibiotics

54
Q

Candida albicans appearance

A

Creamy (smooth) white lesions

55
Q

Candida albicans location

A
  • surface of tongue
  • roof of mouth
56
Q

True or false: oral candidiasis is easily removed

57
Q

Which bacteria produce hemolysin?

A
  • P. gingivalis
  • Prevotella sp.
58
Q

What is BspA?

A
  • basic surface protein for adhesions
  • stimulates host production of bone resorptive cytokines (IL-6), TNF (monocytes)

DEN 7108 Micro and Immuno Concepts Part II (27 decks)

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