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DEN 7108 Micro and Immuno Concepts Part II > 2/7 Nguyen Other DNA Viruses > Flashcards

2/7 Nguyen Other DNA Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Adenovirus family

A

Adenoviridae

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2
Q

Adenovirus structure

A
  • Naked
  • Icosahedral
  • dsDNA
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3
Q

What are the subgroups of Adenovirus?

A

A-F (A, B1, B2, C, D, E, F)

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4
Q

Each subgroup of Adenovirus has different _____

A

Tropisms

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5
Q

Adenovirus B1 tropism

A

Respiratory

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6
Q

Adenovirus B2 tropism

A

Renal

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7
Q

Adenovirus C tropism

A

Respiratory

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8
Q

Adenovirus D tropism

A

Ocular and other

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9
Q

Adenovirus E tropism

A

Respiratory

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10
Q

Adenovirus F tropism

A

Intestinal

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11
Q

Adenovirus capsule contains ____ which binds to ____ on host cell membranes to gain entry into the cell

A

Penton base; CAR (Coxsackiecirus and adenovirus receptor)

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12
Q

Adenovirus is a great _____

A

Vector for vaccines and gene therapy

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13
Q

Adenovirus was used as a vector in which well known vaccine?

A

Janssen (COVID) vaccine

contains DNA encoding spike protein

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14
Q

Adenovirus common clinical presentations

A
  • Respiratory
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Gastroenteritis
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15
Q

Adenovirus respiratory clinical presentation

A

Colds

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16
Q

Adenovirus ____ can cause conjunctivitis

A

Group D (ocular mucosa, highly contagious)

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17
Q

Adenovirus ____ can cause gastroenteritis/diarrhea

A

Group F (serotypes 40-42)

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18
Q

Adenovirus mode of spread

A

Person to person; coughing or sneezing (spreads like the common cold)

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19
Q

Adenovirus can produce severe complications in ____, such as ____

A

Immunocompromised patients; viremia

can spread to skin and multiple organs

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20
Q

Poxviridae contains what viruses?

A
  • Smallpox
  • Cowpox
  • Vaccinia
  • Monkeypox
  • Molluscum contagiosum
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21
Q

What are the two smallpox variants?

A
  • Variola major (more severe)
  • Variola minor (less severe)
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22
Q

Of the two smallpox variants, ____ is more severe and has a 30-50% mortality

A

Variola major

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23
Q

What strains are used to make smallpox vaccines?

A
  • Cowpox (originally used)
  • Vaccinia (currently used)
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24
Q

What pox viruses are related to smallpox?

A
  • Monkeypox
  • Molluscum contagiosum (MCV)
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25
Q

Poxviruses are the _____ of dsDNA viruses. They have _____ replication

A

Largest; atypical

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26
Q

Do poxviruses need host DNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

A

No - they encode their own viral DNA dependent RNA polymerase in the host cell cytoplasm (don’t need to get into the nucleus)

27
Q

Poxviruses transcribe viral DNA in the:

A

Cytoplasm (not in the nucleus)

28
Q

Poxviruses can be ID’d in the lab via:

A

Guarnieri bodies

29
Q

Guarnieri bodies are found in _____

A

All poxvirus infections

30
Q

Guarnieri bodies are known as _____

A

B-type inclusions (cytoplasmic inclusions in epithelial cells)

31
Q

Smallpox transmission

A

Inhalation of airborne variola virus

32
Q

Smallpox clinical course

A
  1. Incubation 10-12 days; infection of mouth and nose mucosa; spread by coughing and sneezing
  2. Migration to lymph nodes, access to bloodstream and organs
  3. Symptoms appear (fever, rash)
33
Q

Smallpox: fever appears ____ after inoculation

34
Q

Describe smallpox rash development (timeline)

A
  • Rash appears day 10-12 (mouth)
  • Skin rash appears 2-4 days later (forehead, face, then limbs - macules)
35
Q

The prodrome of smallpox occurs between __-__ days. Why is this important?

A

0-12 days; already infectious but don’t have the pox yet

36
Q

Smallpox lesions (pocks) are all in the:

A

Same stage of development

37
Q

Smallpox lesions most dense on:

A

Face, arms and palms, legs and soles

38
Q

Smallpox was ____ in 1980

A

Eradicated

39
Q

How was smallpox eradicated?

A
  • Vaccine (half life 92 years)
  • No animal vectors
40
Q

True or false: population is now susceptible to smallpox

41
Q

Smallpox is a potential ______

A

Bioterrorism agent (most infectious before pox appear)

42
Q

How was the cowpox vaccine initially developed?

A
  • Edward Jenner infected a boy with cowpox
  • Later inoculated the same boy with smallpox
  • Immunized boy was not infected with smallpox
43
Q

Vaccinia makes a highly effective:

A

Smallpox vaccine

44
Q

____ is not the same as cowpox

45
Q

True or false: it is of unknown origin how Vaccinia became the smallpox vaccine

46
Q

____ is directly responsible for smallpox eradication

A

Vaccinia (smallpox vaccine)

47
Q

Smallpox vaccine (Vaccinia) is a ____

A

Live vaccine

48
Q

Vaccinia may cause adverse events after vaccination. The smallpox vaccine is not recommended for:

A
  • AIDS patients (Vaccinia necrosum)
  • Eczema, atopic dermatitis (Eczema vaccinatum)
  • Chemotherapy cancer patients
  • Organ transplant patients
  • Pregnant women (Congenital vaccinia)
49
Q

Monkeypox had a ____ outbreak in 2022-2023

50
Q

Monkeypox transmission

A

Viral zoonotic disease (infects people, small animals, rodents)

51
Q

Monkeypox resembles ____ clinically

52
Q

You can use ____ to vaccinate against Monkeypox

A

Smallpox vaccine (provides protection)

53
Q

_____ causes epidermal tumors

A

Molluscum contagiosum (MCV)

54
Q

MCV causes what kind of lesions?

A

Doughnut shaped; Umbilication

55
Q

MCV causes disfiguring disease in ____ patients

56
Q

Parvovirus ____ infects humans

57
Q

Parvovirus contains what genetic material?

58
Q

Parvovirus is associated with ____ disease

A

“Fifth”

59
Q

Parvovirus B19 targets:

A

Precursors of red blood cells in bone marrow

60
Q

Parvovirus B19 causes what symptoms?

A
  • Erythema infectiosum (infectious rash)
  • “Fifth” disease (exanthematous rashes)
  • “Slapped cheek syndrome”
61
Q

Slapped cheek syndrome rash looks like:

A

Lace-like, follows face rash on trunk and/or extremities

62
Q

Parvovirus B19 complications most severe in:

A
  • Pregnant women (if it crosses placenta)
  • Other blood disease patients (chronic anemia, sickle cell)
63
Q

What can happen if Parvovirus B19 crosses the placenta?

A
  • fetus can develop severe anemia
  • lyse RBC and affect RBC precursors in fetus
  • Hydrops fetalis (fetus can die in utero)
64
Q

Parvovirus B19 infection in sickle cell patients can cause:

A
  • Aplastic crisis (stops blood cell production)
  • Reticulocytopenia (decreases RBC production)

DEN 7108 Micro and Immuno Concepts Part II (27 decks)

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