Exam 3 Hepatitis A, E

Question 1

HAV is part of what family?

Answer 1

PicoRNAviridae

Question 2

____ is called an enterovirus due to fecal-oral transmission

Answer 2

HAV

Question 3

HAV structure

Answer 3

Naked, icosahedral, + ssRNA virus

Question 4

What enzyme does HAV use?

Answer 4

RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Question 5

HAV incubation period

Answer 5

2-6 weeks

Question 6

____ makes p 40% of all viral hepatitis cases

Answer 6

HAV

Question 7

HAV causes ___ illness but no _____

Answer 7

Acute; chronic infection

Question 8

HAV risk factors

Answer 8

• Fecal-oral direct contact with those infected
• eating contaminated food (contaminated water, raw shellfish)

Question 9

What two things are needed for HAV diagnosis?

Answer 9

• discrete acute symptom onset
• Elevated total bilirubin and ALT (alanine aminotransferase)

Question 10

70% of HCV infections in _____ are asymptomatic. If symptomatic, young children typically do not have ___

Answer 10

Children < 6 years old; jaundice

Question 11

Does HAV have a carrier/chronic state?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

Which antibodies can be detected in HAV infection?

Answer 12

IgM and IgG

Question 13

___ is seen in acute HAV infection. ____ is seen in people who have had a prior infection or recovering

Answer 13

IgM; IgG

Question 14

HAV IgG antibodies confer:

Answer 14

Lifelong protection

Question 15

HAV is usually ____ so does/does not require treatment

Answer 15

Self-limiting; does not

Question 16

Prevention of HAV

Answer 16

• Immunization with Hepatitis A vaccine, combined HAV/HBV for age 18+
• HAIg (immune globulin) for short term protection

Question 17

Hepatitis A outbreak in Las Vegas - 7,000 Hep A vaccinations administered at _____ and those with _____

Answer 17

Homeless encampments and shelters; substance use disorder

Question 18

HEV transmission is through

Answer 18

Fecal oral (similar to HAV)

Question 19

HEV can cause acute infections, but one genotype can cause ____

Answer 19

Chronic

Question 20

HEV mortality is ____ than HAV

Answer 20

10x higher

Question 21

HEV structure

Answer 21

Naked, icosahedral, ssRNA

Question 22

HEV modes of transmission

Answer 22

• Poor water and environmental sanitation
• undercooked meat

Question 23

HEV genotypes ____ can infect humans

Answer 23

1-4

Question 24

HEV genotype 3 can cause ____ cases in _____ patients

Answer 24

Chronic; organ transplant patients who are on immunosuppressive drugs

Question 25

HEV incubation

Answer 25

2-8 weeks

Question 26

HEV can severely affect:

Answer 26

Pregnant women

Question 27

HEV IgG provides ____ cross protection

Answer 27

Some, but not immune against all genotypes

Question 28

HEV prevention

Answer 28

• good water and environmental sanitation
• no effective vaccine

Question 29

True or false: HEV is clinically distinguishable from other acute viral hepatitis

Answer 29

False (confirmation needed through IgM)

Question 30

True or false: HEV is self-limiting but can be severe in pregnant women

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Hepatitis E immune globulin prophylaxis efficacy is _____

Answer 31

Undetermined