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Gross II > Exam 4: Posterior Ab Wall > Flashcards

Exam 4: Posterior Ab Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Right crus of diaphragm originates from

A

Upper 3 lumbar vertebrae

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2
Q

Right crus splits to enclose

A

Esophagus

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3
Q

Weakness in Right crus causes

A

Hiatal hernia

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4
Q

Left crus of diaphragm originates from

A

Upper 2 lumbar vertebrae

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5
Q

Median arcuate lig connects

A

Right crus to left crus

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6
Q

Median arcuate lig forms border of

A

Aortic hiatus (T12)

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7
Q

Medial arcuate lig connects

A

Body of 1st lumbar to TP of 1st lumbar

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8
Q

Medial arcuate lig passes over

A

Psoas major and sympathetic trunk

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9
Q

Lateral arcuate lig connects

A

TP of 1st lumbar to 12th rib

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10
Q

Lateral arcuate lig passes over

A

Quadratus lumborum

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11
Q

Psoas major originates from TP and bodies of

A

T12-L5

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12
Q

Psoas major innervation

A

L1-3 nerves

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13
Q

Psoas minor muscle present in

A

60% of individuals

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14
Q

Psoas minor muscle originates from bodies of

A

T12 and L1

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15
Q

Innervation of psoas minor

A

L1 nerve

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16
Q

Psoas sign

A

Pain produced when thigh is extended passively or when patient flexes hip

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17
Q

Positive R psoas sign siggests

A

Acute appendicitis

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18
Q

Quadratus lumborum is active in

A

Forced expiration

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19
Q

Quadratus lumborum muscle innervation

A

Subcostal N

L1-4

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20
Q

Quadratus lumborum muscle function

A

Depresses 12th rib

Flexes trunk laterally

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21
Q

Lumbar plexus formed by

A

Anterior primary rami L1-3 and part of L4

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22
Q

Branches of lumbar plexus

A 
Iliohypogastric N
Ilioinguinal N
Genitofemoral N
Lateral cutaneous N of thigh
Femoral N
Obturator N
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23
Q

Iliohypogastric N (L1) supply

A

Sensory to skin covering pubis and gluteal

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24
Q

Ilioinguinal N (L1) supply

A

Sensory to skin of scrotum (labia majora) and thigh

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25
Q

Genitofemoral nerve (L1,L2) branches

A

Genital branch

Femoral branch

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26
Q

Genital branch of genitofemoral branch supply

A

Cremaster muscle (medial)

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27
Q

Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve supply

A

Skin over femoral triangle (lateral)

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28
Q

Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2,L3) supply

A

Skin of anterior and lateral thigh

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29
Q

Femoral nerve (L2-4) supply

A

Muscles and skin of thigh

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30
Q

Obturator nerve (L2-4) supply

A

Muscles and skin of medial surface of thigh

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31
Q

Abdominal aorta passes through _____ and descends anterior to _____

A

Aortic hiatus

Vertebral bodies

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32
Q

Abdominal aorta bifurcates at what location

A

Anterior to L4

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33
Q

Abdominal aorta bifurcates into

A

L and R common iliac arteries

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34
Q

Common iliac artery bifurcates into

A

Internal iliac and external iliac arteries

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35
Q

Functions of pelvis

A

Locomotion
Parturition
Support of abdominal viscera
Protection of pelvic viscera

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36
Q

ASIS and upper margin of pubic symphysis lie in

A

Same VERTICAL plane

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37
Q

Tip of coccyx and upper margin of pubic symphysis lie in

A

Same HORIZONTAL plane

38
Q

Pelvic inlet AKA

A

Superior aperture of pelvis

39
Q

Greater/false pelvis function

A

Supports abdominal viscera

Attachment for muscles of locomotion

40
Q

Boundaries of pelvic inlet

A

Sacral promontory and alae, arcuate line, pecten pubis, pubic crest

41
Q

Boundaries of the pelvic inlet form a continuous border known as

A

Pelvic brim

42
Q

Pelvic brim divides pelvis into

A

Greater pelvis

Lesser pelvis

43
Q

Greater pelvis

A

Expanded upper portion of pelvis

44
Q

Lesser pelvis AKA

A

Pelvic cavity proper

45
Q

Lesser pelvis contains

A

Lower part GI tract
Urinary bladder
Lower part of ureter
Internal reproductive organs

46
Q

Pelvic outlet AKA

A

Inferior aperture of pelvis

47
Q

Pelvic outlet is _____ shaped

48
Q

Boundaries of pelvic outlet

A 
Pubic symphysis
Ischiopubic rami
Ischial tuberosities
Sacrotuberous lig
Tip of coccyx
49
Q

Pubic arch formed by

A

Pubic symphysis
Ischiopubic rami
Ischial tuberosities

50
Q

Anthropoid pelvis

A

Long A-P diameter

Some males, 20% females

51
Q

Platypelloid pelvis

A

Short A-P diameter
Wide transverse diameter

Rare in males, 2% females

52
Q

Pelvis type most associated w/ birthing difficulties

A

Platypelloid

53
Q

Android pelvis

A

Heart-shaped

Most males, 30% females

54
Q

Gynecoid pelvis

A

Ovoid or round inlet

50% females, no males

55
Q

Ideal pelvis for childbirth

A

Gynecoid pelvis

56
Q

Lumbosacral joint

A

Between L5 and sacrum

Has IVD

57
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A

Sacrum and ilium

Least mobile synovial joint

58
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Between 2 pubic bodies

Contains interpubic disc

59
Q

Sacrococcygeal joint

A

Between sacrum and coccyx

Contains IVD, often fused

60
Q

During pregnancy joints of pelvis become _____ due to ____

A

Loose; relaxin

61
Q

Greater sciatic foramen boundaries

A

Greater sciatic notch
Sacrotuberous
Sacrospinous lig

62
Q

Greater sciatic foramen lies _____ pelvic floor

63
Q

Most posterior structure in greater sciatic foramen

A

Piriformis muscle

64
Q

Structures in both greater and lesser sciatic foramen

A

Internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal N
N to obturator internus muscle

65
Q

Lesser sciatic foramen bounded by

A

Lesser sciatic notch
Sacrotuberous
Sacrospinous

66
Q

Lesser sciatic foramen lies ____ pelvic floor

67
Q

Only structure that is only in lesser sciatic foramen

A

Tendon of obturator internus muscle

68
Q

Lateral wall of pelvis covered by

A

Obturator internus muscle and obturator fascia

69
Q

Bony framework of posterior wall

A

Sacrum and coccyx

70
Q

Posterior wall is _____ anteriorly

71
Q

Lateral portion of posterior wall covered by

A

Piriformis

Coccygeus

72
Q

Floor of pelvis composed of what structures

A

Peritoneum

Pelvic diaphragm

73
Q

Peritoneum reflects downward to form

A

Rectovesical pouch
Rectouterine pouch
Vesicouterine pouch

74
Q

Rectovesical pouch between

A

Rectum and bladder

75
Q

Lowest point in peritoneum in male

A

Rectovesical pouch

Blood and ascites accumulate here

76
Q

Rectouterine pouch between

A

Rectum and uterus

77
Q

Lowest point in peritoneum of female

A

Rectouterine pouch

Accumulation of blood, ascites and ectopic pregnancy

78
Q

Vesicouterine pouch is between

A

Bladder and uterus

79
Q

Two muscles pelvic diaphragm

A

Coccygeus

Levator ani

80
Q

Openings within pelvic diaphragm

A

Urogenital hiatus

Anal aperture

81
Q

Urogenital hiatus transmits

A

Urethra — males

Urethra and vagina — females

82
Q

Parts of levator ani

A

Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis

83
Q

Most posterior part of levator ani

A

Iliococcygeus

84
Q

Main part of levator ani

A

Pubococcygeus

85
Q

Most medial fibers of pubococcygeus form

A

Puboprostaticus
Pubovaginalis
Puboanalis

86
Q

Puboprostaticus forms a sling around

A

Urethra beneath prostate in male

87
Q

Pubovaginalis forms a sling around

A

Urethra and vagina in female

88
Q

Puboanalis attaches to

A

Anorectal junction

89
Q

Puboprostaticus and pubovaginalis both function in

A

Micturition

90
Q

Puborectalis unite behind anorectal junction to form

A

Puborectal sling

91
Q

Puborectalis function

A

Maintain angle at anorectal junction

Relaxes during defecation

Directs fetal head during birth

92
Q

Tendinous arch of levator ani

A

Curved thickening of obturator fascia

Gross II (29 decks)

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