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Gross II > Clinical Features Exam 1 > Flashcards

Clinical Features Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Most frequently injured nerve with blows to the face

A

Infraorbital nerve/ maxillary division/ trigeminal N

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2
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

Facial nerve paralysis

Impingement of CNVII

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3
Q

Trigeminal Neuralgia

A

Sudden attacks of severe pain occurring in area of sensory distribution of trigeminal N

MC - maxillary division
LC- ophthalmic division

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4
Q

Torticollis

A

Pathological contraction of SCM

Head tilted toward affected side and face tilted away from affected side

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5
Q

Types of Torticollis

A

Congenital- fibrous tissue tumor

Muscular- birth injury

Spasmodic - abnormal tonicity in adults

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6
Q

Prominent external jugular vein

A

In CHF and obstruction of SVC

Exceptions: opera singers and bagpipe players

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7
Q

Clinical significance of fascia layers

A

May be channel for infection

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8
Q

Potential for lung collapse with neck injury

A

Cervical pleura and apex of lung pass through superior thoracic aperature immediately posterior to SCM

Broken 1st rib can cause atelectasis (lung collapse)

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9
Q

Endemic goiter

A

Dietary deficiency of iodine

Hormone inactive

Symptoms of hypothyroidism

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10
Q

Exothalmic goiter

A

Autoimmune

Hormone active

Hyperthyroidism or Graves’ disease

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11
Q

Factors contributing to difficult thyroid surgery

A

Vascularity
Presence of parathyroid glands
Presence of recurrent laryngeal nerve

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12
Q

Unilateral damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

Respiratory distress and partial aphonia

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13
Q

Bilateral damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

Complete aphonia and possible suffocation

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14
Q

Causes of damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

Trauma during thyroid surgery

Goiter or thyroid tumor

Lung tumor

Left sided aortic aneurysms

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15
Q

Deviated septum

A

Nasal septum not on median plane

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16
Q

Causes of deviated septum

A

Congenital
Birth injury
Postnatal trauma

17
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed

18
Q

Forms of epistaxis

A

Mild- rupture of small branches in or near vestibule, due to minor trauma or low humidity

Severe- spurting of arterial blood due to rupture of sphenopalatine artery at major anastomoses from major trauma

19
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Sinusitis

20
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Acute pharyngitis

21
Q

Lacrimal apparatus and conjunctiva

A

Conjunctivitis via nasolacrimal duct

22
Q

Middle ear

A

Otitis media via pharyngotympanic tube

23
Q

Anterior cranial fossa

A

Meningitis/ brain abscess via cribriform plate

24
Q

Mastoid air cells

A

Mastoiditis

25
Q

Damage to vagus nerve

A

Uvula deviates to unaffected side

26
Q

Ankyloglossia

A

Tongue tied

27
Q

Ankyloglossia due to

A

Frenulum of tongue short S-I and long A-P, extending near apex

28
Q

Clinical importance of genioglossus

A

Pulls tongue forward and prevents tongue from falling backwards and blocking airway

Important during general anesthesia and seizure disorders

29
Q

Tooth ache vs trigeminal neuralgia

A

Tooth ache= 1 tooth and static

Trigeminal neuralgia= multiple teeth and dynamic

30
Q

Clinical important pharyngeal tonsils

A

May cause difficulty breathing if enlarged

2 MC removed

31
Q

Clinical significance of retropharyngeal space

A

Hemorrhage from cervical trauma or abscess from pharyngeal infection may cause posterior wall of pharynx to balloon forward, leading to suffocation

*look on radiology

32
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

33
Q

Anosmia

A

Loss of olfaction

34
Q

Tympanic N / CN IX

A

Otitis media

35
Q

Pharyngeal br / CN IX

A

Acute pharyngitis

36
Q

Tonsillar br / CN IX

A

Tonsillitis

37
Q

Auricular br / CN X

A

Otitis externa / swimmers ear

Gross II (29 decks)

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