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Gross II > Exam 3: Organs > Flashcards

Exam 3: Organs Flashcards

1
Q

Stomach lies in which regions of abdomen

A

Left hypochonrdium
Epigastric
Umbilical

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2
Q

Stomach function

A

Digestive NOT absorptive

Stores and mixes food

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3
Q

Parts of stomach

A

Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pyloric part

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4
Q

Cardia of stomach

A

Where esophagus joins stomach

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5
Q

Fundus of stomach

A

Above cardia

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6
Q

Body of stomach

A

Between fundus and pyloric part

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7
Q

Pyloric part

A

Most distal portion, adjacent to duodenum

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8
Q

Greater curvature is on the

A

Left side

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9
Q

Lesser curvature is on the

A

Right side

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10
Q

Cardial notch

A

Between esophagus and fundus

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11
Q

Angular incisure

A

Between body and pyloric part

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12
Q

Cardial orifice

A

Between esophagus and stomach

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13
Q

Pyloric orifice

A

Between stomach and duodenum

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14
Q

3 subdivisions of pyloric part

A

Pyloric antrum
Pyloric canal
Pylorus

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15
Q

Pylorus contains

A

Pyloric orifice

Pyloric sphincter

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16
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Circular muscle layer that surrounds pyloric orifice

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17
Q

Gastric folds

A

Longitudinal folds of mucous membrane within stomach

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18
Q

Stomach location in abdomen

A

Anterior to omental bursa and pancreas

Posterior to diaphragm, L lobe liver, anterior ab wall

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19
Q

Blood supply to stomach

A

Branches of celiac trunk

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20
Q

Innervation of stomach

A

From celiac plexus

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21
Q

Sympathetic innervation to stomach

A

Greater splanchnic nerves (T5-9)

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22
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of stomach

A

Vagus nerve

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23
Q

Celiac trunk is the first ____

A

Unpaired branch from abdominal aorta

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24
Q

Celiac trunk arises

A

Below aortic hiatus of diaphragm

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25
Q

3 main branches off celiac trunk

A

Left gastric artery
Splenic artery
Common hepatic artery

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26
Q

Left gastric artery is the _____ branch

A

Smallest

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27
Q

Left gastric artery gives off 2 branch bundles

A

Esophageal

Gastric

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28
Q

Splenic artery is the _____ branch

A

Largest

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29
Q

Splenic artery runs

A

Posterior to stomach, superior border of pancreas, terminates in spleen

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30
Q

Left gastric artery runs along

A

Lesser curvature within lesser omentum

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31
Q

Branches of splenic artery

A

Pancreatic
Short gastric
Left gastro-omental artery

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32
Q

Short gastric arteries supply

A

Fundus of stomach

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33
Q

Left gastro-omental artery runs along

A

Greater curvature within greater omentum

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34
Q

Common hepatic artery runs along

A

Superior border of pancreas

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35
Q

Common hepatic artery becomes _____ after giving off gastroduodenal artery

A

Hepatic artery proper

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36
Q

Gastroduodenal artery runs

A

Behind 1st part of duodenum

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37
Q

3 branches of gastroduodenal artery

A

Supraduodenal
Right gastro-omental
Superior pancreaticoduodenal

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38
Q

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery passes between

A

Duodenum and head of pancreas

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39
Q

Hepatic artery proper branches

A

Right gastric
Right hepatic
Left hepatic

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40
Q

Right hepatic artery branch

A

Cystic artery

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41
Q

Cystic artery supplies

A

Gall bladder

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42
Q

Small intestine is ____ long

A

About 7 m

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43
Q

Duodenum is __shaped and surrounds _____

A

C-shaped; head of pancreas

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44
Q

Duodenum is the _____ and _____ part of SI

A

Shortest and widest

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45
Q

Parts of duodenum

A

Superior
Descending
Inferior/horizontal
Ascending

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46
Q

Superior part of duodenum runs

A

To the right

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47
Q

Beginning of superior part is called the

A

Duodenal cap (ampulla)

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48
Q

Descending part contains

A

Junction of foregut and midgut where bile and pancreatic duct empty

49
Q

Inferior/horizontal part is the _____ part and runs ____

A

Longest part; to the left

50
Q

Ascending part ascends to the _______ and terminates at

A

Left of aorta; duodenojejunal flexure

51
Q

Suspensory muscle of duodenum

A

Fibromuscular band

Extends from diaphragm to duodenojejunal flexure

52
Q

Duodenum is entirely _____ except fo

A

Retroperitoneal; duodenal cap

53
Q

Superior mesenteric artery and vein pass

A

Anterior to 3rd part of duodenum

54
Q

Blood supply to duodenum

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal
Supraduodenal
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal

55
Q

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery supplies

A

3rd and 4th parts of duodenum

56
Q

Innervation of duodenum

A

Celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses

57
Q

Jejunum makes up _______ of small intestine

A

Proximal 2/5

58
Q

Jejunum begins at

A

Duodenojejunal flexure

59
Q

Jejunum lies mostly in

A

Left upper quadrant

60
Q

Ileum makes up _______of small intestine

A

Distal 3/5

61
Q

Ileum occupies the

A

Right lower quadrant

62
Q

Ileum joins _____ at the _______

A

Cecum; ileocecal junction

63
Q

Jejunum and ileum are suspended from _____ by _____

A

Posterior abdominal wall by mesentery

64
Q

Mesentery carries

A

Blood vessels, nerve, and lymphatics

65
Q

Jejunum is the segment most involved in

A

Nutrient absorption

66
Q

Ileum absorbs

A

Fat soluble vitamins
Vitamin B12
Bile salts

67
Q

Vasa recta

A

Straight terminal branches that supply small intestine

68
Q

Plicae circulares

A

Circular folds within SI

69
Q

Peyer’s patches

A

Lymphoid tissue within walls of small intestine

70
Q

Plicae circulares function

A

Increase surface area for absorption

Slows passage of material

71
Q

Peyer’s patches function

A

Immune defense of GI tract

72
Q

Blood supply to jejunum and ileum

A

Branches of superior mesenteric artery

73
Q

Innervation of jejunum and ileum

A

From superior mesenteric plexus

74
Q

Large intestine extends from

A

Ileocecal junction to anus

75
Q

LI is about ____ long

A

1.5m

76
Q

Primary function of LI

A

Convert liquid contents into semisolid feces — absorb water

77
Q

Parts of LI

A

Cecum
Appendix
Colon

78
Q

Parts of colon

A

Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid

79
Q

Cecum

A

Blind pouch below ileocecal junction

80
Q

Cecum lies within

A

Right iliac fossa

81
Q

Ileal fold

A

2 flaps that surround ileal orifice

82
Q

Ileal fold flaps fuse laterally to form

A

Frenula

83
Q

Function of ileal fold

A

Prevents backflow of feces into SI

84
Q

Appendix

A

Narrow muscular tube that contains lymphoid tissue

85
Q

Most common position of appendix

A

Retrocecal

86
Q

Second most common position of appendix

A

Pelvic

87
Q

Most common intra-abdominal inflammatory condition

A

Appendicitis

88
Q

Ascending colon runs from

A

Ileocecal junction to R colic flexure

89
Q

Transverse colon runs from

A

R colic flexure to L colic flexure

90
Q

Descending colon runs from

A

L colic flexure to pelvic brim

91
Q

Sigmoid colon runs from

A

Pelvic brim to front of sacrum

92
Q

Ascending and descending colon are

A

Retroperitoneal

93
Q

Transverse and sigmoid colon lie within

A

Peritoneal cavity

94
Q

Transverse and sigmoid colon are attached to posterior body wall by

A

Transverse and sigmoid mesocolon

95
Q

Cecum and appendix are

A

Intraperitoneal

96
Q

Taeniae coli

A

3 longitudinal bands of muscle prominent in cecum and ascending

97
Q

Haustra of colon

A

Outpouchings of colon

98
Q

Omental appendices

A

Small masses of fat that extend from colon

99
Q

Blood supply to SI and LI

A

Superior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Marginal artery
Vasa recta

100
Q

Superior mesenteric artery arises from

A

Abdominal aorta

Below celiac trunk

101
Q

Superior mesenteric artery branches supply

A

Intestine — from 2nd duodenum through right 2/3 of transverse colon

102
Q

Branches of superior mesenteric artery

A 
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
Jejunal and ileal
Ileocolic
Right colic
Middle colic
103
Q

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal supplies

A

Pancreas and distal part of duodenum

104
Q

Jejunal and ileal arteries

A

12-15 arteries that supply jejunum and ileum

105
Q

Ileocolic artery supplies

A

Ascending colon, cecum and appendix

106
Q

Right colic artery supplies

A

Ascending colon

107
Q

Middle colic artery supplies

A

Transverse colon

108
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery arises from

A

Lower part of abdominal aorta

109
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery branches supply

A

LI from left 1/3 transverse to upper part of anal canal

110
Q

Branches of inferior mesenteric artery

A

Left colic artery
Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal artery

111
Q

Left colic artery supplies

A

Descending colon

112
Q

Sigmoid arteries supply

A

Sigmoid colon

113
Q

Superior rectal artery supplies

A

Rectum and upper part of anal canal

114
Q

Terminal branch of inferior mesenteric artery

A

Superior rectal artery

115
Q

Marginal artery

A

Anastomotic channel

Runs from cecum to sigmoid

116
Q

Branches of __________ empty into marginal artery

A

Superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

117
Q

Vasa recta are straight terminal branches from

A

Marginal artery to the large (and small) intestine

118
Q

Cecum through right 2/3 of transverse innervation

A

Superior mesenteric plexus

119
Q

Left 1/3 of transverse to upper part of anal canal innervation

A

Inferior mesenteric plexus and hypogastric plexus

Gross II (29 decks)

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