Exam 3: Anterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

Midclavicular plane

Answer 1

Vertical planes extend inferiorly from midpoints of clavicle to midpoint between ASIS and pubic symphysis

Question 2

Subcostal plane

Answer 2

Horizontal plane joining lowest point of costal margin on each side — L3 level

Question 3

Transtubercular Plane

Answer 3

Horizontal plane that joins tubercles of iliac crests — L5 level

Question 4

Midclavicular planes, subcostal plane and transtubercular plane together divide abdomen into

Answer 4

9 regions

Question 5

Liver lies mostly in what regions

Answer 5

Right hypochondrium and epigastric

Question 6

Spleen and fundus and body of stomach are found in what region

Answer 6

Left hypochondrium

Question 7

Quadrant system uses what planes

Answer 7

Median plane (vertical)
Transumbilical plane (horizontal)

Question 8

Umbilicus is a _____ landmark which lies between ____

Answer 8

Variable; L2-5

Question 9

2 layers of superficial fascia

Answer 9

Superficial layer (Camper’s)
Deep layer (Scarpa’s)

Question 10

Superficial (Camper’s) Fascia

Answer 10

Thin fatty layer, continuous w/ superficial fascia of perineum and thigh

Question 11

Deep Layer (Scarpa’s) Fascia

Answer 11

Membranous layer, firmly fastened to fascia lata of the thigh

Question 12

Thin layer of superficial fascia covers

Answer 12

Each anterior abdominal wall muscles

Question 13

Linea alba is a median tendinous raphe that runs from

Answer 13

Xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

Question 14

Anterolateral muscles

Answer 14

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis

Question 15

External oblique muscle fibers run

Answer 15

Downward and forward

Question 16

Internal oblique muscle fibers run

Answer 16

Downward and backward

Question 17

Transversus abdominis muscle fibers run

Answer 17

Horizontally

Question 18

External oblique innervation

Answer 18

Anterior primary rami of lower 6 T nerves

Question 19

Internal oblique innervation

Answer 19

Anterior primary rami of lower 6 T and L1 nerves

Question 20

Transversus abdominis innervation

Answer 20

Anterior primary rami of lower 6 T and L1 nerves

Question 21

Anterior muscles of the abdomen

Answer 21

Rectus abdominis

Pyramidalis

Question 22

Rectus abdominis innervation

Answer 22

Anterior primary rami of lower 6 T nerves

Question 23

Linea semilunaris

Answer 23

Curved line along lateral border of rectus abdominis

Question 24

Tendinous intersections

Answer 24

Bundles of CT that run transversely across rectus abdominis

Fuse w/ rectus sheath

Question 25

Pyramidalis muscle

Answer 25

Small and often absent Slip of muscle anterior to rectus abdominis

Question 26

Pyramidalis muscle innervation

Answer 26

Subcostal nerve

Question 27

Low back pain is often related to

Answer 27

Weak abdominal muscles

Question 28

Rectus sheath is like an

Answer 28

Envelope

Question 29

Rectus sheath encloses

Answer 29

1. Rectus abdominis 2. Pyramidalis 3. Superior epigastric A and V 4. Inferior epigastric A and V 5. Anterior primary rami of lower 6 T nerves

Question 30

What is the Arcuate line

Answer 30

Crescent shaped line in posterior layer of rectus sheath

Question 31

Location of arcuate line

Answer 31

Midway between umbilicus and pubic crest

Question 32

Anterior layer of rectus sheath ABOVE arcuate line

Answer 32

Aponeuroses of external and internal oblique muscles

Question 33

Posterior layer of rectus sheath ABOVE arcuate line

Answer 33

Aponeuroses of internal oblique and transversus abdominis

Question 34

Above arcuate line aponeurosis of _____ splits to enclose ______

Answer 34

Internal oblique; rectus abdominis

Question 35

Anterior layer of rectus sheath BELOW arcuate line

Answer 35

Aponeuroses of external and internal oblique and transversus abdominis

Question 36

Posterior layer of rectus sheath BELOW arcuate line

Answer 36

Transversalis fascia

Question 37

5 folds of anterior abdominal wall

Answer 37

Median Medial (x2) Lateral (x2)

Question 38

Median umbilical fold extends from

Answer 38

Apex of bladder to umbilicus

Question 39

Median umbilical fold contains

Answer 39

Urachus

Question 40

Medial umbilical fold extends from

Answer 40

Side of bladder to umbilicus

Question 41

Medial umbilical fold contains

Answer 41

Obliterated umbilical artery

Question 42

Lateral umbilical fold extends from

Answer 42

Deep inguinal ring to arcuate line

Question 43

Lateral umbilical fold contains

Answer 43

Inferior epigastric vessels

Question 44

Folds form boundaries between

Answer 44

3 paired fossa: 1. Supravesical 2. Medial inguinal 3. Lateral inguinal

Question 45

Supravesical fossa between

Answer 45

Median and medial umbilical folds

Question 46

Medial inguinal fossa between

Answer 46

Medial and lateral umbilical folds

Question 47

Lateral inguinal fossa location

Answer 47

Lateral to lateral umbilical fold

Question 48

Ligamentum teres location

Answer 48

Above umbilicus

Question 49

Ligamentum teres contains

Answer 49

Obliteraled umbilical veins

Question 50

Ligamentum teres forms free edge of

Answer 50

Falciform ligament

Question 51

Superior epigastric artery is from

Answer 51

Internal thoracic artery

Question 52

Inferior epigastric artery is from

Answer 52

External iliac artery

Question 53

Lumbar arteries are from

Answer 53

Abdominal aorta

Question 54

Deep circumflex iliac artery is from

Answer 54

External iliac artery

Question 55

Lower 6 T nerves run between

Answer 55

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis