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Gross II > Exam 3: Peritoneum > Flashcards

Exam 3: Peritoneum Flashcards

1
Q

Peritoneum

A

Smooth membrane that lines abdominal cavity

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2
Q

2 types of peritoneum

A

Parietal and visceral

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3
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

Lines abdominal walls

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4
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

Covers abdominal organs

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5
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

Potential space between parietal and visceral peritoneum

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6
Q

Peritoneal cavity in male

A

Completely closed sac

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7
Q

What connects parietal to visceral peritoneum

A

Mesentery

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8
Q

In female, peritoneal cavity communicates w/ exterior through

A

Uterine tubes

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9
Q

Test for patency of uterine tubes

A

Dye in uterus, should enter uterine tubes and then peritoneal cavity; if not, obstruction

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10
Q

Functions of peritoneum

A

Minimize friction
Resist infection
Fat storage

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11
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

Posterior to peritoneum

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12
Q

Duodenum and pancreas are mostly

A

Retroperitoneal

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13
Q

Innervation of peritoneum

A 
Phrenic
Intercostal
Subcostal
Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal
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14
Q

Phrenic nerve refers pain to

A

Shoulder, causes hiccups in peritonitis

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15
Q

Peritoneum that is very sensitive to pain

A

Parietal

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16
Q

Peritoneum that is insensitive to pain

A

Visceral

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17
Q

Omenta mean

A

Apron

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18
Q

Omentum

A

Broad, apronlike reflection of peritoneum

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19
Q

2 omenta within abdominal cavity

A

Greater and lesser

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20
Q

Greater omentum connects to

A

Greater curvature of stomach

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21
Q

Greater omentum reflects posteriorly to attach to

A

Transverse colon and transverse mesocolon

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22
Q

3 parts of greater omentum

A

Gastrophrenic lig
Gastrosplenic lig
Gastrocolic lig

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23
Q

Gastrophrenic connects

A

Greater curvature and diaphragm

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24
Q

Gastrosplenic lig connects

A

Greater curvature and spleen

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25
Q

Gastrocolic lig connects

A

Greater curvature and transverse colon

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26
Q

Greater omentum is ____ and adheres to ____

A

Very mobile; areas of inflammation

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27
Q

Greater omentum adhering to areas of inflammation restricts

A

Spread of infection

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28
Q

Greater omentum often referred to as

A

Abdominal policeman

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29
Q

Lesser omentum extends from _____ to ______

A

Porta hepatis to lesser curvature of stomach

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30
Q

2 parts of lesser omentum

A

Hepatogastric lig

Hepatoduodenal lig

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31
Q

Hepatogastric lig connects

A

Liver and lesser curvature

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32
Q

Hepatoduodenal lig connects

A

Liver and duodenum

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33
Q

“General” definition of mesentery

A

Any double layer of peritoneum which connects portion of intestine to body wall

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34
Q

“Mesentery proper”

A

Double layer of peritoneum connects jejunum and ileum to body wall

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35
Q

Mesentery of jejunum and ileum

A

Suspends jejunum and ileum from posterior body wall

Transmits nerve and vessels

36
Q

Transverse mesocolon

A

Connects transverse colon to posterior wall

37
Q

Sigmoid mesocolon

A

Connects sigmoid colon to pelvic wall

38
Q

Mesoappendix

A

Connects appendix to mesentery of ileum

39
Q

Phrenicocolic ligament

A

Attach left colic flexure to diaphragm

Suspends L colic flexure in more superior position that R

40
Q

Subdivisions peritoneal cavity

A 
Omental bursa (lesser sac)
Greater sac
41
Q

Omental bursa location

A

Posterior to liver, lesser omentum, and stomach

42
Q

Omental sac is a closed sac except for

A

Omental foramen — opening into greater sac

43
Q

Greater sac extends from

A

Diaphragm to pelvic floor

44
Q

Subdivisions of greater sac

A 
Right subphrenic space
Left subphrenic space
Subhepatic space
Right paracolic gutter
Left paracolic gutter
45
Q

Right subphrenic space location

A

Below diaphragm, above liver, right of falciform lig

46
Q

Left subphrenic space

A

Below diaphragm, above stomach, left of falciform lig

47
Q

Subhepatic space location

A

Between liver and transverse colon

48
Q

Recess within subhepatic space

A

Hepatorenal recess

49
Q

Hepatorenal recess location

A

Posterosuperior extension of subhepatic space

Between liver and R kidney

50
Q

Right paracolic gutter location

A

Lateral to ascending colon

51
Q

Left paracolic gutter

A

Lateral to descending colon

52
Q

Omental foramen

A

Opening between omental bursa and greater sac

53
Q

Structures which pass through porta hepatis

A 
Bile duct (R)
Hepatic artery proper (L)
Portal vein (behind)
54
Q

3 independent parts of GI tract embryologically

A

Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut

55
Q

Foregut forms

A

Distal esophagus
Stomach
Part of duodenum

56
Q

Foregut ends within

A

2nd part of duodenum (entrance of bile duct)

57
Q

Midgut begins and ends at

A

Entrance of bile duct to right 2/3 of transverse colon

58
Q

Hindgut begins and ends with

A

Left 1/3 of transverse colon to upper part of anal canal

59
Q

Foregut blood supply

A

Branches of celiac trunk

60
Q

Midgut blood supply

A

Branches of superior mesenteric artery

61
Q

Hindgut blood supply

A

Branches of inferior mesenteric artery

62
Q

Foregut sympathetic innervation

A 
Greater splanchnic (T5-9)
Lesser splanchnic (T10-11)
63
Q

Midgut sympathetic innervation

A 
Greater splanchnic (T5-9)
Lesser splanchnic (T10-11)
64
Q

Hindgut sympathetic innervation

A

Lumbar splanchnic nerves (L1-2)

65
Q

Foregut para sympathetic innervation

A

Vagus nerve

66
Q

Midgut parasympathetic innervation

A

Vagus nerve

67
Q

Hindgut parasympathetic innervation

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4)

68
Q

Sympathetic activation effect on GI tract

A

Decreases motility and tone

Contracts sphincters

69
Q

Parasympathetic activation effect on GI tract

A

Increases motility and tone

Relaxes sphincters

70
Q

4 major layers of gut wall

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa/adventitia

71
Q

Mucosa

A

Mucous membrane
Innermost layer
Contains muscularis mucosae

72
Q

Muscularis mucosae

A

Thin layer of smooth muscle

73
Q

Submucosa

A

Loose CT layer

Contains blood vessels and lymphatics

74
Q

Muscularis externa

A

Thick layer of smooth muscle

75
Q

Muscularis externa is responsible for

A

Peristalsis

76
Q

2 layers of muscularis externa

A

Inner circular layer

Outer longitidunal layer

77
Q

Reverse peristalsis results in

A

Puking

78
Q

Serosa

A

Visceral peritoneum

79
Q

Adventitia

A

Covers retroperitoneal organs

80
Q

Enteric nervous system

A

Nerves specific to gut

81
Q

ENS if semi-independent of

A

CNS

82
Q

2 parts of ENS

A

Submucosal plexus

Myenteric plexus

83
Q

Submucosal plexus location

A

Within submucosa

84
Q

Submucosal plexus supplies

A

Muscularis mucosae and mucus secreting glands

85
Q

Myenteric plexus location

A

Between circular and longitudinal layers of muscularis externa

86
Q

Myenteric plexus supplies

A

Smooth muscle layers

87
Q

Myenteric plexus stimulates

A

Peristalsis

Gross II (29 decks)

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