Exam 3 Questions Flashcards
Diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus would most likely be indicated by ________.
Polyuria
The color of urine is determined mainly by ________.
Byproducts of red blood cell breakdown
Production of less than 50 mL/day of urine is called ________.
Anuria
Peristaltic contractions occur in the ________.
Ureters
Somatic motor neurons must be ________ to relax the external urethral sphincter to allow urination.
Inhibited
Which part of the urinary system is not completely retroperitoneal?
Bladder
The renal pyramids are separated from each other by extensions of the renal cortex called ________.
Renal columns
The primary structure found within the medulla is the ________.
Loop of Henle
The right kidney is slightly lower because ________.
Displaced by liver
Blood filtrate is captured in the lumen of the ________.
Bowman’s capsule
What are the names of the capillaries following the efferent arteriole?
Peritubular and vasa recta
The functional unit of the kidney is called ________.
Nephron
________ pressure must be greater on the capillary side of the filtration membrane to achieve filtration.
Hydrostatic
Production of urine to modify plasma makeup is the result of ________.
Filtration, absorption, secretion
True or false: Systemic blood pressure must stay above 60 so that the proper amount of filtration occurs.
False
True or false: Aquaporin channels are only found in the collecting duct.
False
Most absorption and secretion occurs in this part of the nephron.
Proximal convoluted tubule
The fine tuning of water recovery or disposal occurs in ________.
Collecting ducts
Vasodilation of blood vessels to the kidneys is due to ________.
Less action potentials
When blood pressure increases, blood vessels supplying the kidney will ________ to mount a steady rate of filtration.
Contract
Which of these three paracrine chemicals cause vasodilation?
Nitric oxide
What hormone directly opposes the actions of natriuretic hormones?
Aldosterone
What signal causes the heart to secrete atrial natriuretic hormone?
Increased blood pressure
Progesterone can bind to receptors for which hormone that, when released, activates water retention?
Aldosterone
Renin is released in response to ________.
Decreased blood pressure
Which step in vitamin D production does the kidney perform?
Convert calcidiol to calcitriol
If there were no aquaporin channels in the collecting duct, ________.
Severe dehydration
Solute contributes to the movement of water between cells and the surrounding medium by ________.
Osmotic pressure
The major cation in intracellular fluid is ________.
Potassium
The major anion in extracellular fluid is ________.
Chloride
The ion with the lowest blood level is ________.
Potassium
