Chapter 23 Part 3 Flashcards
gastric gland cell that secretes hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
Parietal cell
gastric gland cell that secretes pepsinogen
Chief cell
gastric gland cell that secretes a uniquely acidic mucus
Mucous neck cell
gastric gland cell that releases hormones
Enteroendocrine cell
peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid and gut motility
Gastrin
Hormone that regulates food intake, primarily by stimulating hunger and satiety
Ghrelin
Stimulates parietal cells to release HCl
Histamine
Contracts stomach muscle
Serotonin
Reduces intestinal absorption by reducing blood flow
Somatostatin
initial phase of gastric secretion that occurs before food enters the stomach
Cephalic phase
phase of gastric secretion that begins when food enters the stomach
Gastric phase
phase of gastric secretion that begins when chyme enters the intestine
Intestinal phase
What are the 3 parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
prevents bacteria from entering the bloodstream
MALT
Condition caused by absorptive cells of the small intestine not being able to produce lactase; enzyme that absorbs lactose
Lactose intolerance
deep fold in the mucosa and submucosa of the small intestine; causes chyme to spiral
Circular folds
projection of the mucosa of the small intestine
that increases the surface area of the epithelium tremendously
Villi
small projection of the plasma membrane of the absorptive cells of the small intestinal mucosa
Microvilli
lymphatic capillary in the villi
Lacteal
gland in the small intestinal mucosa that secretes intestinal juice
Intestinal gland
form of peristalsis in the small intestine
Migrating motility complex
hormone that initiates migrating motility complexes
Motilin
long reflex that increases the strength of segmentation in the ileum
Gastroileal reflex
one of three smooth muscle bands that make up the longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis in all of the large intestine except the terminal end
Teniae coli
small pouch in the colon created by tonic contractions of teniae coli
Haustra
small sac of fat-filled visceral peritoneum attached to teniae coli
Epiploic appendages
Bacteria found in the large intestine
Bacterial flora
largest gland in the body whose main digestive function is the production of bile
Liver
accessory digestive organ that secretes pancreatic juice
Pancreas
accessory digestive organ that stores and concentrates bile
Gallbladder
small duct between hepatocytes that collects bile
Bile canaliculi
Liver cells that play a role in a wide variety of secretory, metabolic, and endocrine functions
Hepatocytes
blood capillaries between rows of hepatocytes that receive blood from the hepatic portal vein and the branches of the hepatic artery
Hepatic sinusoids
