Chapter 27 Part 2 Flashcards
secretes lactic acid, and thus protects the vagina by maintaining an acidic pH
Flora
milk-secreting cells in the mammary gland
Alveoli
middle portion of the uterine tube in which fertilization often occurs
Ampulla
glands that produce a thick mucus that maintains moisture in the vulva area; also referred to as the greater vestibular glands
Bartholin’s glands
wide ligament that supports the uterus by attaching laterally to both sides of the uterus and pelvic wall
Broad ligament
an extension of the peritoneum that connects the ovaries to the broad ligament
Mesovarium
elongate inferior end of the uterus where it connects to the vagina
Cervix
nerve-rich area of the vulva that contributes to sexual sensation during intercourse
Clitoris
nonfunctional structure remaining in the ovarian stroma following structural and functional regression of the corpus luteum
Corpus albicans
transformed follicle after ovulation that secretes progesterone
Corpus luteum
inner lining of the uterus, part of which builds up during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle and then sheds with menses
Endometrium
fingerlike projections on the distal uterine tubes
Fimbriae
ovarian structure of one oocyte and surrounding granulosa (and later theca) cells
Follicle
development of ovarian follicles from primordial to tertiary under the stimulation of gonadotropins
Folliculogenesis
supportive cells in the ovarian follicle that produce estrogen
Granulosa cells
membrane that covers part of the opening of the vagina
Hymen
wide, distal portion of the uterine tube terminating in fimbriae
Infundibulum
hair-covered folds of skin located behind the mons pubis
Labia majora
thin, pigmented, hairless flaps of skin located medial and deep to the labia majora
Labia minora
ducts that connect the mammary glands to the nipple and allow for the transport of milk
Lactiferous ducts
area of milk collection between alveoli and lactiferous duct
Lactiferous sinus
first menstruation in a pubertal female
Menarche
shedding of the inner portion of the endometrium out though the vagina; also referred to as menstruation
Menses
phase of the menstrual cycle in which the endometrial lining is shed
Menses phase
approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the uterus consisting of a menses phase, a proliferative phase, and a secretory phase
Menstrual cycle
mound of fatty tissue located at the front of the vulva
Mons pubis
smooth muscle layer of uterus that allows for uterine contractions during labor and expulsion of menstrual blood
Myometrium
cell that results from the division of the oogonium and undergoes meiosis I at the LH surge and meiosis II at fertilization to become a haploid ovum
Oocyte
process by which oogonia divide by mitosis to primary oocytes, which undergo meiosis to produce the secondary oocyte and, upon fertilization, the ovum
Oogenesis
ovarian stem cells that undergo mitosis during female fetal development to form primary oocytes
Oogonia
approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the ovary consisting of a follicular phase and a luteal phase
Ovarian cycle
female gonads that produce oocytes and sex steroid hormones (notably estrogen and progesterone)
Ovaries
release of a secondary oocyte and associated granulosa cells from an ovary
Ovulation
haploid female gamete resulting from completion of meiosis II at fertilization
Ovum
outer epithelial layer of uterine wall
Perimetrium
smaller cell produced during the process of meiosis in oogenesis
Polar body
ovarian follicles with a primary oocyte and one layer of cuboidal granulosa cells
Primary follicle
least developed ovarian follicles that consist of a single oocyte and a single layer of flat (squamous) granulosa cells
Primordial follicle
phase of the menstrual cycle in which the endometrium proliferates
Proliferative phase
folds of skin in the vagina that allow it to stretch during intercourse and childbirth
Rugae
ovarian follicles with a primary oocyte and multiple layers of granulosa cells
Secondary follicle
phase of the menstrual cycle in which the endometrium secretes a nutrient-rich fluid in preparation for implantation of an embryo
Secretory phase
bands of connective tissue that suspend the breast onto the chest wall by attachment to the overlying dermis
Suspensory ligament
ovarian follicles with a primary or secondary oocyte, multiple layers of granulosa cells, and a fully formed antrum
Tertiary follicles
estrogen-producing cells in a maturing ovarian follicle
Theca cells
ducts that facilitate transport of an ovulated oocyte to the uterus
Fallopian/uterine tubes
muscular hollow organ in which a fertilized egg develops into a fetus
Uterus
tunnel-like organ that provides access to the uterus for the insertion of semen and from the uterus for the birth of a baby
Vagina
external female genitalia
Vulva
