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Medical Terminology > Exam 3 - Chapter 12: Female reproductive system (by definition) > Flashcards

Exam 3 - Chapter 12: Female reproductive system (by definition) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

small sacks in the ovaries from which the eggs derive. These structures rupture to release the egg (this rupture is called ovulation)

A

Graafian follicles

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2
Q

empty egg follicle that releases estrogen and progesterone. Degenerates at the end of the cycle.

A

corpus luteum

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3
Q

joins the ovary to the uterus

A

Fallopian tubes

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4
Q

fingerlike projection in the Fallopian tube that propel the egg to the uterus

A

fimbriae

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5
Q

the topmost part of the uterus

A

fundus

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6
Q

the middle of the uterus

A

body

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7
Q

the lower part or “neck” of the uterus

A

cervix

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8
Q

lubricate the vagina during sexual excitement

A

Bartholin glands

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9
Q

thin membrane surrounding the uterus

A

tunica uterus

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10
Q

milk producing glands. There are generally 15 to 20 of them per breast

A

lobules

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11
Q

the duct that takes the milk from the breast to the surface for lactation

A

lactiferous duct

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12
Q

the first menstrual cycle of a woman

A

menarche

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13
Q

days 1 to 5. The endometrium sloughs off

A

cycle step: menstrual

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14
Q

days 6 to 14. Endometrium thickens, ova mature and ovum released

A

cycle step: ovulatory

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15
Q

days 15 to 28. Hormones secreted by corpus luteum stimulate

A

cycle step: postovulatory

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16
Q

the year long time without a menstrual cycle that marks the start of menopause

A

amenorrhea

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17
Q

combining form for the amniotic sac

A

amni/o

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18
Q

combining form of vagina

A

colp/o

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19
Q

(1 of 2) combining form of milk

A

galact/o

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20
Q

(1 of 2) combining form of milk

A

lact/o

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21
Q

combining form for woman

A

gynec/o

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22
Q

combining form of uterus

A

metri/o

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23
Q

combining form of breast

A

mast/o

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24
Q

combining form of menstruation

A

men/o

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25
Q

combining form meaning either uterus or measurement

A

metr/o

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26
Q

combining form of ovary

A

oophor/o

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27
Q

combining form of the perineum

A

perine/o

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28
Q

combining form of Fallopian tube

A

salping/o

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29
Q

suffix for beginning

A

-arche

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30
Q

suffix for pregnancy

A

-cyesis

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31
Q

suffix for pregnant woman

A

-gravita

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32
Q

suffix for “to bear offspring” but is usually used to describe the number of successful births

A

-para

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33
Q

suffix for the Fallopian tube

A

-salpinx

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34
Q

suffix for childbirth or labor

A

-tocia

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35
Q

suffix for twisting or turning

A

-version

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36
Q

prefix meaning “with difficulty”

A

ante-

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37
Q

prefix meaning “first”

A

primi-

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38
Q

painful mentstrual cycles

A

dysmenorrhea

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39
Q

irregular bleeding between menstrual periods

A

metrorrhagia

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40
Q

excessive flow during the menstrual cycle itself

A

menorrhagia

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41
Q

excessive flow during menstrual cycle

A

hypermenorrhea

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42
Q

functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterus

A

endometriosis

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43
Q

inflammation of the vagina

A

vaginitis

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44
Q

inflammation of the urethra

A

urethritis

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45
Q

a yeast infection

A

candidiasis

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46
Q

vaginal infection caused by a protozoa

A

trichomoniasis

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47
Q

a woman who has never born a child

A

nulliparous

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48
Q

congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening (in the female reproductive sense, possibly the absence of a vagina)

A

atresia

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49
Q

malignant neoplasm of the uterus

A

choriocarcinoma

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50
Q

painful intercourse

A

dyspareunia

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51
Q

inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix

A

endocervicitis

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52
Q

a “turning backwards,” when the uterus slips into the wrong orientation

A

retroversion

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53
Q

a breaking away of the placenta; a premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor.

A

abrupto placentae

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54
Q

the butt or the feet of the fetus present first before the head during birth

A

breech presentation

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55
Q

blood poisoning during pregnancy

A

eclampsia

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56
Q

fertilized ovum implants anywhere other than the uterine lining

A

ectopic pregnancy

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57
Q

when the placenta is attached to or covers the cervical canals.

A

placenta previa

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58
Q

birth control device inside the uterus (t shaped oftentimes)

A

intrauterine device

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59
Q

when the cervix is sutured to prevent premature dilation during pregnancy

A

cerclage

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60
Q

when the vagina is closed

A

colpocleisis

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61
Q

the taking of a cone-shaped tissue sample

A

conization

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62
Q

taking a sample from the umbilical cord for testing

A

cordocentesis

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63
Q

making an incision and inserting a camera device, rather than going through a body tube

A

laparoscopy

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64
Q

surgical removal of a breast

A

mastectomy

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65
Q

surgical repair or reconstruction of the breast

A

mammoplasty

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66
Q

having a look around the vagina

A

colposcopy

67
Q

introducing air into a structure to help with visuals

A

insufflation

68
Q

measurement of the pelvis

A

pelvimetry

69
Q

length of time from conception to birth

A

gestation

70
Q

mouth, entrance, or outlet of any anatomical structure

A

orifice

71
Q

another name for “childbirth”

A

parturition

72
Q

During gestation, the product of conception is referred to as this from conception up until the third month

A

embryo

73
Q

During gestation, the product of conception is referred to as this from the third month up until delivery

A

fetus

74
Q

Stage 1: Stage of DilationStage 2: Stage of expulsionStage 3: Placental Stage (afterbirth)

A

How many stages does labor occur in? And what are the names of the stages?

75
Q

the technical term for the absence of menstrual flow

A

amenorrhea

76
Q

the period in a woman’s life when she approaches menopause

A

climacteric

77
Q

the drying and thinning out of the vagina that occurs during menopause

A

vaginal atrophy

78
Q

one of two combining forms for the word “vagina”

A

colp/o

79
Q

one of two combining forms for the word “vagina”

A

vagin/o

80
Q

combining form of “woman” or “female”

A

gynec/o

81
Q

one of three combining forms of “uterus”

A

hyster/o

82
Q

one of three combining forms of “uterus”

A

metri/o

83
Q

one of three combining forms of “uterus”

A

uter/o

84
Q

(1 of 2) combining form of “breast”

A

mamm/o

85
Q

(2 of 2) combining form of “breast”

A

mast/o

86
Q

combining form of “menses” or “menstruation”

A

men/o

87
Q

combining form of “uterus” specifically “womb”

A

metr/o

88
Q

combining form of “birth”

A

nat/o

89
Q

(1 of 2) combining form of “ovary”

A

oophor/o

90
Q

(2 of 2) combining form of “ovary”

A

ovari/o

91
Q

combining form of “perineum”

A

perine/o

92
Q

combining form of “tube,” typically Fallopian or eustachian

A

salping/o

93
Q

suffix for “beginning”

A

-arche

94
Q

suffix for “pregnancy”

A

-cyesis

95
Q

suffix for “pregnant woman”

A

-gravida

96
Q

suffix for “to bear (offspring)”

A

-para

97
Q

the beginning of menstruation; the first menstruation

A

menarche

98
Q

false pregnancy

A

pseudocyesis

99
Q

a woman who has been pregnant more than once

A

multigravida

100
Q

a woman who has never produced a viable offspring

A

nullipara

101
Q

the condition of blood in the fallopian tube

A

hemosalpinx

102
Q

visual examination of the vagina

A

colposcopy

103
Q

a vaginal hernia

A

vaginocele

104
Q

the production of milk

A

galactopoiesis

105
Q

pertaining to the lining of the uterus

A

endometrial

106
Q

surgical fixation of the breast

A

mastopexy

107
Q

prolapse or downward displacement of the uterus

A

metroptosis

108
Q

an ovarian tumor

A

oophoroma

109
Q

the rupture of an ovary

A

ovariorrhexis

110
Q

surgical repair of the perineum

A

perineorrhaphy

111
Q

surgical repair of the fallopian tube

A

salpingoplasty

112
Q

suffix for “childbirth”

A

-tocia

113
Q

difficult childbirth

A

dystocia

114
Q

suffix for “turning”

A

-version

115
Q

the turning back of an organ

A

retroversion

116
Q

prefix for “before” or “in front of”

A

ante-

117
Q

prefix for “first”

A

primi-

118
Q

painful menstruation

A

dysmenorrhea

119
Q

a woman who has born more than one child, regardless of whether or not the child was born alive

A

multipara

120
Q

a woman during her first pregnancy is often referred to as this

A

primigravida

121
Q

the branch of medicine that deals with a woman and her fetus during pregnancy and birth

A

obstetrics

122
Q

the period of adjustment just after birth when the woman’s reproductive organs return to their original state (lasts about six to eight weeks)

A

puerperium

123
Q

irregular uterine bleeding between menstrual cycles

A

metrorrhagia

124
Q

profuse or prolonged bleeding during regular menstruation

A

menorrhagia

125
Q

the presence of functional endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus, sometimes up into the pelvic cavity

A

endometriosis

126
Q

the general term for inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, or adjacent pelvic structures (typically caused by bacterial infection)

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

127
Q

bacteria in the blood, or “blood poisoning”

A

septicemia

128
Q

a bacteria or yeast infection localized to the vagina

A

vaginitis

129
Q

a woman who has never born a child

A

nulliparous

130
Q

congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening, such as the vagina

A

atresia

131
Q

malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy

A

choriocarcinoma

132
Q

painful intercourse

A

dyspareunia

133
Q

inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri

A

endocervicitis

134
Q

an organ that tips back from its normal position in the body

A

retroversion

135
Q

benign tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that develop in the uterus

A

uterine fibroids

136
Q

premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor

A

abrupto placentae

137
Q

common abnormality in delivery where the fetal buttocks or feet present before the head

A

breech presentation

138
Q

birth defect that occurs when a person has 47 chromasomes instead of 46 (there being an extra copy of chromasome 21)

A

Down syndrome

139
Q

the most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy

A

eclampsia

140
Q

pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum does not reach the uterine cavity but instead becomes implanted on any other tissue other than the uterine cavity, such as the fallopian tube, ovary, the abdomen, etc

A

ectopic pregnancy

141
Q

obstetric compilation in which the placenta is attached close to or covers the cervical canal that results in bleeding during labor when the cervix dialates

A

placenta previa

142
Q

a small, typically t-shaped device inserted by a physician into the uterus to prevent pregnancy

A

intrauterine device

143
Q

suturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion

A

cerclage

144
Q

surgical closure of the vaginal canal

A

colpocleisis

145
Q

excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as the mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination

A

conization

146
Q

sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein and performed under ultrasound guidance

A

cordocentesis

147
Q

widening of the cervical canal with a dilator scraping of the uterine endometrium with a curette

A

dilation and curettage

148
Q

visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions of the abdominal wall, usually at the navel

A

laparoscopy

149
Q

excision of a small primary breast tumor and some of the tissue that surrounds it

A

lumpectomy

150
Q

surgical repair of the breast to change its size, shape, or position

A

mammoplasty

151
Q

excision of an entire breast

A

mastectomy

152
Q

surgical creation of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen, which is then passed under the skin to the breast area, and then shaped into a natural looking breast

A

transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap

153
Q

procedure that ties (ligates) the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy

A

tubal ligation

154
Q

visual examination of the vagina with an optical magnifying instrument

A

colposcopy

155
Q

delivery of pressurized gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to allow for visual examination or extraction

A

insufflation

156
Q

measurement of pelvic dimensions to determine whether the head of the fetus will be able to pass through the bony pelvis to allow delivery

A

pelvimetry

157
Q

sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects

A

chorionic villus sampling

158
Q

removal of a sample of the uterine endometrium for microscopic study

A

endometrial biopsy

159
Q

cytological study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed from the cervix and vagina, usually obtained through routine pelvic examination

A

Papanicolaou (Pap) test

160
Q

radiography and, usually, fluoroscopy of the uterus and uterine tubes following injection of a contrast medium

A

hysterosalpingography

161
Q

radiographic examination of the breast for breast cancer

A

mammography

162
Q

used to induce labor at any term by increasing the strength and frequency of uterine contactions

A

oxytocics

163
Q

medication used to terminate pregnancy, causes the uterus to contract strongly enough to expel a fetus

A

prostaglandins

Medical Terminology (26 decks)

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