Exam 3 Brain Lower SG (pt2)

Question 1

Compare the normal rate of CSF formation with the normal rate of CSF reabsorption.

Answer 1

it is reabsorbed as fast as it is formed, (meaning the pressure remains constant)

Question 2

Why is hydrocephalus detrimental?

Answer 2

the fluid buildup compresses and damages nerve tissue

Question 3

State the sub-components of the brain stem?

Answer 3

Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain

Question 4

What is the essential function of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 4

White matter of the medulla contains all ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts between the spinal cord and other parts of the brain

Question 5

Where are the gracile and cuneate nuclei located?

Answer 5

Located in the posterior part of the medulla

Question 6

What sensations are the gracile and cuneate nuclei associated with?

Answer 6

sensations of touch, conscious proprioception, pressure, and vibration.

Question 7

What order neurons comprise the medial lemniscus?

Answer 7

The second-order neurons

Question 8

Name the cranial nerve nuclei that are in the medulla?

Answer 8

1. Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
2. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
3. Vagus (X)
4. Accessory (XI)
5. Hypoglossal (XII)

Question 9

State the function of the medullary nuclei while at the cardiovascular center.

Answer 9

regulates rate and force of the heartbeat and blood vessel diameter

Question 10

State the function of the medullary nuclei while at the medullary rhythmicity (part of the respiratory center).

Answer 10

adjusts the basic rhythm of breathing

Question 11

State the function of the medullary nuclei while at the deglutition center of the medulla.

Answer 11

promotes swallowing, AKA deglutition of a mass (bolus) of food that has moved from the mouth into the pharynx (throat)

Question 12

State the function of the medullary nuclei while at the cough center

Answer 12

Coughing, which involves a long drawn and deep inhalation followed by a strong exhalation

Question 13

State the function of the medullary nuclei while at the hiccup center

Answer 13

Hiccupping, caused by spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm

Question 14

State the function of the medullary nuclei while at the sneeze center.

Answer 14

Sneezing, the spasmodic contraction of breathing muscles that forcefully expel air through the nose and mouth

Question 15

State the function of the medullary nuclei while at the vomiting center.

Answer 15

causes vomiting, the forcible expulsion of the contents of the upper gastrointestinal tract through the mouth