Exam 1 Study Guide (Introduction) pt 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Scientific name of Head
A
Cephalic
2
Q
Scientific name of Skull
A
Cranial
3
Q
Scientific name of Face
A
Facial
4
Q
Scientific name of Armpit
A
Axillary
5
Q
Scientific name of Arm
A
Brachial
6
Q
Scientific name of Front of elbow
A
Antecubital
7
Q
Scientific name of Forearm
A
Antebrachial
8
Q
Scientific name of Wrist
A
Carpal
9
Q
Scientific name of Palm
A
Palmar
10
Q
Scientific name of Fingers
A
Digital or Phalangeal
11
Q
Scientific name of Neck
A
Cervical
12
Q
Scientific name of Thigh
A
Femoral
13
Q
Scientific name of Anterior surface of knee
A
Patellar
14
Q
Scientific name of Leg
A
Crural
15
Q
Scientific name of Foot
A
Pedal
16
Q
Scientific name of Ankle
A
Tarsal
17
Q
Scientific name of Toes
A
Digital or Phalangeal
18
Q
Scientific name of Forehead
A
Frontal
19
Q
Scientific name of Eye
A
Orbital
20
Q
Scientific name of Ear
A
Otic
21
Q
Scientific name of Cheek
A
Buccal
22
Q
Scientific name of Nose
A
Nasal
23
Q
Scientific name of Mouth
A
Oral
24
Q
Scientific name of Chin
A
Mental
25
Scientific name of Breastbone
Sternal
26
Scientific name of Chest
Thoracic
27
Scientific name of Breast
Mammary
28
Scientific name of Navel
Umbilical
29
Scientific name of Hip
Coxal
30
Scientific name of Groin
Inguinal
31
Scientific name of Hand
Manual
32
Scientific name of Pubis
Pubic
33
Scientific name of Top of foot
Dorsum
34
Scientific name of Base of Skull
Occipital
35
Scientific name of Shoulder
Acromial
36
Scientific name of Shoulder blade
Scapular
37
Scientific name of Spinal column
Vertebral
38
Scientific name of Back of elbow
Olecranal
39
Scientific name of Between hips
Sacral
40
Scientific name of Back
Dorsal
41
Scientific name of Loin
Lumbar
42
Scientific name of Buttock
Gluteal
43
Scientific name of Hollow behind knee
Popliteal
44
Scientific name of Calf
Sural
45
Scientific name of Sole
Plantar
46
Scientific name of Back of hand
Dorsum
47
Scientific name of Heel
Calcaneal
48
Define and give an example of Superior
Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure
The heart is superior to the liver
49
Define and give an example of Inferior
Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure
The stomach is inferior to the lungs.
50
Define and give an example of Anterior
Nearer to or at the front of the body
The sternum (breastbone) is anterior to the heart
51
Define and give an example of Posterior
Nearer to or at the back of the body
The esophagus is posterior to the trachea (windpipe)
52
Define and give an example of Medial
Nearer to the midline
The ulna is medial to the radius
53
Define and give an example of Lateral
Farther from the midline
The lungs are lateral to the heart
54
Define and give an example of Intermediate
Between two structures
The transverse colon is intermediate between the ascending and descending colons
55
Define and give an example of Ipsilateral
On the same side of the body as another structure
The gallbladder and ascending colon are ipsilateral
56
Define and give an example of Contralateral
On the opposite side of the body from another structure
The ascending and descending colons are contralateral
57
Define and give an example of Proximal
Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the origination of a structure
The humerus is proximal to the radius
58
Define and give an example of Distal
Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the origination of a structure
The phalanges are distal to the carpals
59
Define and give an example of Superficial
Toward or on the surface of the body
The ribs are superficial to the lungs
60
Define and give an example of Deep
Away from the surface of the body
The ribs are deep to the skin of the chest and back
61
Ventral refers to the
Belly side
62
Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Urinary system?
Kidneys, Adrenal glands, and Ureter
63
Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Circulatory system?
Aorta and Inferior vena cava
64
Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Digestive system?
(1) Esophagus, (2) Pancreas (head, neck, and body, but not the tail), (3) Duodenum of the small intestine (but not the first segment), (4) Ascending and descending colons of the large intestine (but not the transverse colon, sigmoid, or cecum), and (5) rectum
65
Organs within the ______ cavity are ______
Peritoneal; intraperitoneal
66
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body.
67
What are the two phases of metabolism?
Catabolism and Anabolism
68
Define Catabolism
A phase of metabolism where it breaks down complex chemical substances into simpler components
69
Define Anabolism
A phase of metabolism where it builds up complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components
70
Aside from the _______ a fundamental component of metabolic reactions is _______
changes in chemical complexity; energy relationships
71
Where is the Aqueous humor located?
ECF that is located within the eyes
72
Where is the blood plasma located?
ECF that is located within the blood vessels
73
Where is the cerebrospinal fluid located?
ECF that is located in and around the brain and spinal cord
74
Where is the interstitial fluid located?
ECF that is located in the spaces between the cells
75
Where is the plasma located?
ECF that is located within the blood vessels
76
Where is the synovial fluid located?
ECF that is located in the joints
77
Where is the vitreous body located?
ECF that is located within the eyes
78
What are the two control systems of the body?
1. Nervous system
| 2. Endocrine system
79
How does the Nervous system mediate its action?
by means of nerve impulses
80
How does the Endocrine system mediate its action?
by means of hormones
81
Which feedback system do the nervous and endocrine system usually operate through?
Negative Feedback system
82
What are the three components of a generalized feedback system?
1. Receptor (typically a nerve or chemoreceptor)
2. Control center (typically in the brain)
3. Effector (typically muscles or glands)
83
What are the two types of feedback systems?
Positive and Negative
84
Which feedback system is the most common?
Negative
85
Which feedback system strengthens or reinforces a change in the condition?
The Positive Feedback System
86
Which feedback system reverses the original stimulus in the condition?
The Negative Feedback System
87
What event(s) break the continued feedback in a positive feedback system?
Interruption by some mechanism outside the system
88
What event(s) break the continued feedback in a negative feedback system?
Regulating at normal conditions, breaks the continued feedback. (no more outside interruptions).
