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A&P I > Exam 1 Study Guide (Introduction) pt 2 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Study Guide (Introduction) pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Scientific name of Head

A

Cephalic

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2
Q

Scientific name of Skull

A

Cranial

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3
Q

Scientific name of Face

A

Facial

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4
Q

Scientific name of Armpit

A

Axillary

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5
Q

Scientific name of Arm

A

Brachial

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6
Q

Scientific name of Front of elbow

A

Antecubital

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7
Q

Scientific name of Forearm

A

Antebrachial

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8
Q

Scientific name of Wrist

A

Carpal

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9
Q

Scientific name of Palm

A

Palmar

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10
Q

Scientific name of Fingers

A

Digital or Phalangeal

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11
Q

Scientific name of Neck

A

Cervical

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12
Q

Scientific name of Thigh

A

Femoral

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13
Q

Scientific name of Anterior surface of knee

A

Patellar

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14
Q

Scientific name of Leg

A

Crural

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15
Q

Scientific name of Foot

A

Pedal

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16
Q

Scientific name of Ankle

A

Tarsal

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17
Q

Scientific name of Toes

A

Digital or Phalangeal

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18
Q

Scientific name of Forehead

A

Frontal

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19
Q

Scientific name of Eye

A

Orbital

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20
Q

Scientific name of Ear

A

Otic

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21
Q

Scientific name of Cheek

A

Buccal

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22
Q

Scientific name of Nose

A

Nasal

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23
Q

Scientific name of Mouth

A

Oral

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24
Q

Scientific name of Chin

A

Mental

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25
Q

Scientific name of Breastbone

A

Sternal

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26
Q

Scientific name of Chest

A

Thoracic

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27
Q

Scientific name of Breast

A

Mammary

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28
Q

Scientific name of Navel

A

Umbilical

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29
Q

Scientific name of Hip

A

Coxal

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30
Q

Scientific name of Groin

A

Inguinal

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31
Q

Scientific name of Hand

A

Manual

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32
Q

Scientific name of Pubis

A

Pubic

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33
Q

Scientific name of Top of foot

A

Dorsum

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34
Q

Scientific name of Base of Skull

A

Occipital

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35
Q

Scientific name of Shoulder

A

Acromial

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36
Q

Scientific name of Shoulder blade

A

Scapular

37
Q

Scientific name of Spinal column

A

Vertebral

38
Q

Scientific name of Back of elbow

A

Olecranal

39
Q

Scientific name of Between hips

A

Sacral

40
Q

Scientific name of Back

A

Dorsal

41
Q

Scientific name of Loin

A

Lumbar

42
Q

Scientific name of Buttock

A

Gluteal

43
Q

Scientific name of Hollow behind knee

A

Popliteal

44
Q

Scientific name of Calf

A

Sural

45
Q

Scientific name of Sole

A

Plantar

46
Q

Scientific name of Back of hand

A

Dorsum

47
Q

Scientific name of Heel

A

Calcaneal

48
Q

Define and give an example of Superior

A

Toward the head, or the upper part of a structure

The heart is superior to the liver

49
Q

Define and give an example of Inferior

A

Away from the head, or the lower part of a structure

The stomach is inferior to the lungs.

50
Q

Define and give an example of Anterior

A

Nearer to or at the front of the body

The sternum (breastbone) is anterior to the heart

51
Q

Define and give an example of Posterior

A

Nearer to or at the back of the body

The esophagus is posterior to the trachea (windpipe)

52
Q

Define and give an example of Medial

A

Nearer to the midline

The ulna is medial to the radius

53
Q

Define and give an example of Lateral

A

Farther from the midline

The lungs are lateral to the heart

54
Q

Define and give an example of Intermediate

A

Between two structures

The transverse colon is intermediate between the ascending and descending colons

55
Q

Define and give an example of Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body as another structure

The gallbladder and ascending colon are ipsilateral

56
Q

Define and give an example of Contralateral

A

On the opposite side of the body from another structure

The ascending and descending colons are contralateral

57
Q

Define and give an example of Proximal

A

Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the origination of a structure

The humerus is proximal to the radius

58
Q

Define and give an example of Distal

A

Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the origination of a structure

The phalanges are distal to the carpals

59
Q

Define and give an example of Superficial

A

Toward or on the surface of the body

The ribs are superficial to the lungs

60
Q

Define and give an example of Deep

A

Away from the surface of the body

The ribs are deep to the skin of the chest and back

61
Q

Ventral refers to the

A

Belly side

62
Q

Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Urinary system?

A

Kidneys, Adrenal glands, and Ureter

63
Q

Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Circulatory system?

A

Aorta and Inferior vena cava

64
Q

Which retroperitoneal organs are part of the Digestive system?

A

(1) Esophagus, (2) Pancreas (head, neck, and body, but not the tail), (3) Duodenum of the small intestine (but not the first segment), (4) Ascending and descending colons of the large intestine (but not the transverse colon, sigmoid, or cecum), and (5) rectum

65
Q

Organs within the ______ cavity are ______

A

Peritoneal; intraperitoneal

66
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body.

67
Q

What are the two phases of metabolism?

A

Catabolism and Anabolism

68
Q

Define Catabolism

A

A phase of metabolism where it breaks down complex chemical substances into simpler components

69
Q

Define Anabolism

A

A phase of metabolism where it builds up complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components

70
Q

Aside from the _______ a fundamental component of metabolic reactions is _______

A

changes in chemical complexity; energy relationships

71
Q

Where is the Aqueous humor located?

A

ECF that is located within the eyes

72
Q

Where is the blood plasma located?

A

ECF that is located within the blood vessels

73
Q

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid located?

A

ECF that is located in and around the brain and spinal cord

74
Q

Where is the interstitial fluid located?

A

ECF that is located in the spaces between the cells

75
Q

Where is the plasma located?

A

ECF that is located within the blood vessels

76
Q

Where is the synovial fluid located?

A

ECF that is located in the joints

77
Q

Where is the vitreous body located?

A

ECF that is located within the eyes

78
Q

What are the two control systems of the body?

A
  1. Nervous system

2. Endocrine system

79
Q

How does the Nervous system mediate its action?

A

by means of nerve impulses

80
Q

How does the Endocrine system mediate its action?

A

by means of hormones

81
Q

Which feedback system do the nervous and endocrine system usually operate through?

A

Negative Feedback system

82
Q

What are the three components of a generalized feedback system?

A
  1. Receptor (typically a nerve or chemoreceptor)
  2. Control center (typically in the brain)
  3. Effector (typically muscles or glands)
83
Q

What are the two types of feedback systems?

A

Positive and Negative

84
Q

Which feedback system is the most common?

A

Negative

85
Q

Which feedback system strengthens or reinforces a change in the condition?

A

The Positive Feedback System

86
Q

Which feedback system reverses the original stimulus in the condition?

A

The Negative Feedback System

87
Q

What event(s) break the continued feedback in a positive feedback system?

A

Interruption by some mechanism outside the system

88
Q

What event(s) break the continued feedback in a negative feedback system?

A

Regulating at normal conditions, breaks the continued feedback. (no more outside interruptions).

A&P I (37 decks)

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