Exam 2 Slide Show Integumentary (pt1)

Question 1

The skin consists of what two principal parts?

Answer 1

Epidermis and Dermis

Question 2

What is the largest organ in the body in terms of external surface area and weight?

Answer 2

Skin

Question 3

Which layer is the superficial thinner layer, composed of epithelial tissue?

Answer 3

The Epidermis

Question 4

What is the branch of medicine that specializes in diagnosis and treatment of skin disorder?

Answer 4

Dermatology

Question 5

Which layer is a deeper thick layer composed of dense irregular connective tissue?

Answer 5

Dermis

Question 6

Which layer, consisting of areolar and adipose tissue, is not part of the skin?

Answer 6

The hypodermis (AKA subcutaneous layer)

Question 7

What are the 7 specific functions of the skin?

Answer 7

1. Thermoregulation
2. Protection from external environment
3. Cutaneous sensation
4. Excretion
5. Synthesis of vitamin D
6. Reservoir for blood
7. Absorbs substances

Question 8

What are 3 ways thermoregulation effects the body?

Answer 8

1. Evaporation of sweat cools the skin
2. Increased blood flow to the skin promotes heat loss by radiation
3. Hairs trap heat, thereby reducing heat loss in cold temperatures

Question 9

What are melanocytes?

Answer 9

Pigment producing cells

Question 10

In regards to the skin, what does it excrete?

Answer 10

Sweat which eliminates some water, salts, CO2, ammonia, and urea

Question 11

The first step in activation of vitamin D begins in the skin by the action of what?

Answer 11

UV light

Question 12

Keratinocytes make up how much of the epidermis?

Answer 12

90% of the cells and form 4 (or 5) layers

Question 13

The epidermis is made up of which cells?

Answer 13

1. Keratinocytes
2. Melanocytes
3. Langerhans cells
4. Merkel cells

Question 14

Which type of epithelium is the epidermis made of?

Answer 14

Kertatinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 15

What are langerhans cells known as?

Answer 15

Skin immune cells

Question 16

What do merkel cells specialize in?

Answer 16

Skin sensation

Question 17

What is the major cell type of the skin?

Answer 17

Keratinocytes

Question 18

The melanosomes of melanocytes synthesize melanin from the amino acid _____

Answer 18

tyrosine

Question 19

Which cell originates in the red bone marrow and migrates to the epidermis?

Answer 19

Langerhans cells

Question 20

Which cell resides in the deepest layer of the epidermis where the contact the flattened processes of tactile discs?

Answer 20

Merkel Cells

Question 21

Tactile discs are what?

Answer 21

A type of Sensory neurons

Question 22

____ is the deepest layer of the epidermis

Answer 22

Stratum Basale

Question 23

What are all the cells in the stratum basale?

Answer 23

Mostly keratinocytes, a few melanocytes and Merkel cells

Question 24

The ________is present only where exposure to friction is greatest, such as the fingertips, palms, and soles

Answer 24

Stratum lucidum

Question 25

Which is the least numerous cell of the epidermal cells?

Answer 25

Merkel cells