Exam 2 Slide show Muscle Tissue (Pt4) Flashcards
Myosin crossbridges detach only when what binds to the myosin heads?
ATP
During muscle contractions, what DO NOT change lengths?
Thick and thin filaments
During muscle contractions, What three things decrease in size?
The H zone, I band, and Sarcomere
During muscle contractions, what DOES NOT change widths?
A band
What starts in the body 3-4 hours after death?
Rigor mortis
What is an increase in the diameter of muscle fibers?
Hypertrophy
What is an increase in size of tissues and organs due to an increase in the number of cells?
Hyperplasia
What is a decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or entire body?
Atrophy
What is the dramatic muscle growth that occurs after birth due to?
Hypertrophy
During childhood, the growth of skeletal muscle fibers is stimulated by what?
Hormones
Which two hormones are they?
primarily human growth hormone and testosterone
What binds oxygen in muscle cells and releases it when needed by the mitochondria during high levels of aerobic respiration?
Myoglobin (found only in muscle)
What is ATP and Na+-K+ pumps necessary for in muscle fibers?
producing action potentials (active transport)
What is necessary for a contraction to terminate?
ATP (calcium ion pumping)
Cells store ATP in significant amounts. T/F
False; cells DO NOT store ATP in significant amounts
What are three ways that ATP is produced?
- Creatine phosphate
- Glycolysis
- Aerobic respiration
Relaxed muscle fibers produce ____ ATP than immediately needed
More
What enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a high-energy phosphate from ATP to creatine?
creatine kinase (CK
What is more plentiful than ATP in the sarcoplasm of a relaxed muscle ?
Creatine Kinase
What is a series of reactions that breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid with the release of some small amount of ATP?
Glycolysis
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm
Who fast is glycolysis?
A fairly rapid process
How does glycolysis utilize oxygen?
Does not require free oxygen, so it is an anaerobic process
Is glycolysis an anaerobic respiration?
NO!!!! its only an anaerobic process
In the three processes that make ATP, describe the rank the speed of those processes.
Creatine phosphate - Quick Process
Glycolysis - Rapid process
Aerobic respiration - SLOW PROCESS
