Exam 2 Slide Show Integumentary (pt4) Flashcards
New cells produced by mitosis in the hair matrix, push the growing hair through what?
The pilary canal
What is the opening where hair actually emerges?
The pilary canal
Within the bulb of the hair, is a germinal layer of cells called what?
The matrix
Where does the hair matrix arise from?
The stratum basale
Where is the site of cell division that produces the hair?
The matrix
What is associated with hair?
Sebaceous (oil) glands, arrector pili, and hair root plexuses
The arrector pili is composed of what?
a bundle of smooth muscle
Under physiologic or emotional stress (cold, fright) autonomic nerve endings stimulate what muscles, which contract, causing “goose bumps”
arrectores pilorum
What accessory of the hair, helps regulate temperature and make one look larger?
Arrector pili
What acts as a receptor to generate nerve impulses when hair shafts are moved?
The hair root plexuses
What is the hair root plexuses composed of?
Groups of dendrites and nerve fiber endings
Each nail consists of what?
A nail body, a free edge, and a nail root
Where does new growth occur in a nail?
from the root.
What are nails made of?
Tightly packed, hard, keratinized epidermal cells.
How do cells of the nail matrix produce growth?
By dividing mitotically
What are the oil glands of the skin called?
Sebaceous glands
Where are sebaceous glands absent from?
Palms and soles
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
Sebum
What does sebum do?
- Keeps hair from drying
- Prevents excessive evaporation of water from the skin
- Keeps skin soft and pliable
- Inhibits growth of some bacteria
What type of glands are sebaceous glands?
They are holocrine glands
What are the sweat glands of the skin called?
Sudoriferous glands
What are the two main types of sudoriferous glands?
Eccrine sweat glands and Aprocrin sweat glands
Which sweat gland is more common?
Eccrine sweat glands
Do eccrine glands function in thermoregulation?
Yes
What are aprocrine sweat glands found in association with?
Hair that develops at puberty
