Exam 2 Slide show Skeletal Tissue (pt5)

Question 1

What is the ongoing replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue

Answer 1

Bone remodeling

Question 2

What are the two types of bone remodeling?

Answer 2

Bone resportion and bone deposition

Question 3

What is bone deposition?

Answer 3

addition of minerals and collagen fibers to bone by osteoblasts

Question 4

What is bone resportion?

Answer 4

removal of minerals and collagen fibers from bone by osteoclasts

Question 5

Which bone tissue renews the fastest?

Answer 5

Spongy bone; 5 times faster than compact bone

Question 6

Which bone is more resistant to fractures? New bone or old bone?

Answer 6

New bone

Question 7

What does bone remodeling support?

Answer 7

Calcium homeostasis

Question 8

In a bone fracture repair, what does procallus transform into?

Answer 8

Fibrocartilage

Question 9

What are the four quick processes for bone fracture and repair

Answer 9

1. Fracture hematoma
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation
3. Bony callus formation
4. Bone remodeling

Question 10

In the bony callus formation of fractures, explain the osteoblasts role

Answer 10

Osteoblasts start to form trabeculae, converting the callus into spongy bone

Question 11

In the bone remodeling of a fracture, what does the spongy bone at the periphery turn into?

Answer 11

Compact bone

Question 12

Is bone constantly being remodeled?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What electrical crystal is found in ultrasound machines?

Answer 13

Pezo electrical crystal

Question 14

What is the reservoir for calcium throughout the body?

Answer 14

Bone

Question 15

Growing bone requires large amounts of what?

Answer 15

Calcium and phosphorus

Question 16

Collagen synthesis depends on what vitamins?

Answer 16

B12, C, and K

Question 17

Which vitamin stimulates osteoblasts?

Answer 17

Vitamin A

Question 18

What does synaptic transmission, muscle contraction, and blood clotting require to function?

Answer 18

Calcium

Question 19

The bone stores how much of the body’s calcium?

Answer 19

99%, it is the calcium reservoir

Question 20

What raises the level of calcium in the blood?

Answer 20

The parathyroid hormone

Question 21

What inhibits bone resorption in the body?

Answer 21

Calcitonin

Question 22

What are the functions of the parathyroid hormone?

Answer 22

• Promotes resorption of bone matrix
• Prevents loss of calcium in the urine
• Promotes vitamin D (calcitriol) formation

Question 23

What promotes intestinal absorption of calcium?

Answer 23

Cacitriol

Question 24

What glands regulates calcium homeostasis?

Answer 24

Parathyroid glands

Question 25

What are two main ways that blood calcium can be increased?

Answer 25

• Release of calcium from bone matrix

- Retention of calcium by the kidneys