exam 3: abdomen and pelvis (Urinary)

Question 1

Hollow organs include (4)

Answer 1

Digestive tract, ureter, urine bladder, uterus,..

Question 2

Solid organs (capsule) include (6)

Answer 2

Liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands, ovaries, testicles,….

Question 3

Where are the kidneys located

Answer 3

Retroperitoneal

Question 4

which kidney is located at the level of (L1-L3)

Answer 4

Right kidney

Question 5

which kidney is located at the level of (L2 – L4)

Answer 5

left kidney

“left kidney got left behind”

Question 6

what are the red arrows pointing to

Answer 6

Adipose capsule of kidney
(perinephric or perirenal fat)

Question 7

cavity w/in kidney which is occupied by
the renal pelvis, renal calyces, blood vessels, nerves, & perirenal fat

Answer 7

Renal sinus

Question 8

Entrance/exit of renal artery, renal vein, ureter and lymphatics

Answer 8

Hilus

Question 9

Label A, B, C of the parts of the kidney

Answer 9

A:Renal cortex
B: Renal medulla
C: Renal pyramid

Question 10

What layer of the kidney is being pulled back in this image

Answer 10

capsule

Question 11

What is being pointed to by the red arrow

Answer 11

renal crest

Question 12

Identify

Answer 12

Renal Pelvis

Question 13

Identify

Answer 13

Pelvic recesses

Question 14

Feline kidneys have___________ veins

Answer 14

subcapsular (Multiple large veins on the
cortical surface)

Question 15

How is the renal crest is different in dogs vs. cats

Answer 15

– Longitudinal crest in dog

– Cone-shaped in cat

Question 16

are dogs or cats kidneys easier to palpate

Answer 16

Feline kidneys are more easily
palpable.

Question 17

what is black arrow pointing to

Answer 17

Subcapsular veins within feline kidneys;

Large veins on cortical surfaces.

Question 18

Identify A and B

Answer 18

A: Right ureter
B: Left ureter

Question 19

Label 2, 3, 4

Answer 19

2: kidneys
3: ureters
4: urinary bladder

Question 20

Identify the parts of the bladder

what is the blue arrow pointing to?
what is the red arrow pointing to?

Answer 20

blue: Body
red: neck

Question 21

identify 1 and 2

Answer 21

1. Ureteral orifice
2. Trigone vesicae

Question 22

Identify 1 and 2

Answer 22

1. Ureteral orifice
2. Ureter

Question 23

Identify 1 and 2

Answer 23

1. Ductus deferens
2. prostate

Question 24

Identify 1,2,3

Answer 24

1. ureter
2. ductus deferens
3. urinary bladder

Question 25

Median ligament of the bladder is part of the (dorsal or ventral mesentery)

Answer 25

ventral mesentery

Question 26

what becomes the Round lig. (teres) associated with falciform lig. of liver in adults

Answer 26

Umbilical vein

Question 27

what becomes the Round ligg. (teres) associated with lateral ligg. of the urinary bladder in adult

Answer 27

Umbilical arteries

Question 28

Identify 1 and 2

Answer 28

1. Median ligament of urinary bladder 2. Left lateral ligament

Question 29

Identify 1,2,3

Answer 29

1: Prostatic urethra 2: Pelvic urethra 3: Spongy (penile) urethra

Question 30

what view is this from

Answer 30

Dorsal sectional cut through entire dog cadaver

Question 31

Identify

Answer 31

Prostatic urethra (magnified)

Question 32

Compare the prostate of A vs. B

Answer 32

A: normal gross anatomy B: prostate with abnormal gross anatomy

Question 33

What do you understand by renal pelvis and recesses?

Answer 33

Renal pelvis: collects urine Recesses: epithelium that separates the urine from the lateral parenchym

Question 34

What is the difference between the renal capsule and the renal adipose capsule?

Answer 34

Capsule: outside thin layer on the kidney renal adipose capsule: Protective fat covering over kidney

Question 35

Observe the close relationship of the ovaries with the caudal pole of the kidneys. What ovary would be in a deeper location during an spay

Answer 35

the right ovary

Question 36

Observe the location and relationship of the ureters with the cervix and urinary bladder. Why would be important to remember that relationship during a spay?

Answer 36

we don't want to accidently cut our ureters/damage our urinary system

Question 37

Identify 1-5 **there is not 4; but im lazy and dont want to relabel**

Answer 37

1. Body of bladder 2. Neck of bladder 3. Ureter 4.- 5. Uretral orifice

Question 38

Label 1-6 of the kidney

Answer 38

1. cortex 2. medulla 3. renal pyramid 4. capsule 5. Pelvic recess 6. renal crest

Question 39

Label 1, 2, 3

Answer 39

1. Lateral ligaments of bladder 2.Round ligament of bladder 3. median ligament of bladder

Question 40

What is the purpose of the median ligament of the bladder

Answer 40

attaches the bladder to the ventral aspect of the body wall

Question 41

what remnant of embryological structure can you find within the falciform ligament

Answer 41

ventral mesentery

Question 42

significant difference between solid organs and hallow organs

Answer 42

solid organs have a fibrous capsule

Question 43

only the ____ branch of the kidney is in relation with the parietal peritoneum

Answer 43

ventral

Question 44

what is considered a intraperitoneal organ

Answer 44

ovaries

Question 45

the kidney is in a ___shape, with the middle being the _______

Answer 45

C renal sinus (space in middle of organ)

Question 46

where does urine accumulate before it exits the kidney

Answer 46

renal pelvis

Question 47

what vessels in the kidney run between the renal pyramids

Answer 47

interlobar vessels

Question 48

what vessels of the kidney are located at the edge of the cortex and is an anastomosis of interlobar vessels

Answer 48

arcuate vessels

Question 49

which ureter in dogs is longer

Answer 49

right

Question 50

what is the duct that empties the urinary bladder

Answer 50

urethra

Question 51

Prostatic vs. pelvic urethra

Answer 51

The pelvic urethra extends from the urinary bladder to end of penis The prostatic part of the urethra that passes through the prostate gland

Question 52

what does an enlargment of the prostate affect urination

Answer 52

the prostate compresses the prostatic urethra leading to difficulty urinating