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CVM710: Anatomy > exam 1: axial skeleton > Flashcards

exam 1: axial skeleton Flashcards

1
Q
  • Interspinous ligg.
  • Flavum ligg. (elastic)
  • Apical lig. of the dens (atlatoaxial joint)
  • Alar ligg. (atlatoaxial joint)
  • Transverse lig. of the atlas (atlatoaxial joint)

are these short or long ligaments of vertebral column?

A

Short ligaments of the vertebral column

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2
Q
  • Supraspinous lig.
  • Nuchal lig. (elastic)
  • Dorsal longitudinal lig.
  • Ventral longitudinal lig.

are these short or long ligaments of vertebral column?

A

large ligaments of the vertebral column

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3
Q

what kind of joint are immobile and are when bones are united by dense CT

A

fibrous joints

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4
Q

Sindesmosis

A
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5
Q

this kind of joint is semi-mobile and bone are united by cartilage

A

cartilaginous joint (symphysis)

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6
Q

this kind of joint is mobile and is filled with fluid

A

synovial joint

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7
Q

what kind of joint is in between articular processes of the Vertebral Column

A

Synovial joint(s)

-Pivot(Trochoid)
- Plane

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8
Q

what kind of joint are:
Atlantooccipital joint
Atlantoaxial joint

A

Synovial joints

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9
Q

Between the vertebral arches of a neighbored
vertebrae, a space
named ____________ is formed

A

interarcual space

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10
Q

Between the vertebral arches of a neighbored vertebrae, a space
named interarcual space is formed.

That space is closed with a short and strong elastic ligament or _____________

A

flavum ligament

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11
Q

what Lig. that joint the most dorsal end of all spinous processes

Except in the cervical region

A

Supraspinous lig (syndesmosis)

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12
Q

what membranous Lig. that joint the caudal border
of a spinous process with the cranial border
of the spinous process of the caudal vertebra.

Except in the cervical region

A

Interspinous lig (Syndesmosis)

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13
Q

what is this

A

Nuchal ligaments

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14
Q

Elastic lig. Is the continuation of the
supraspinous lig. in the cervical region in dogs.

Prevent the fatigue of theepaxial mm. of the neck

Absent in cats

A

Nuchal ligaments

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15
Q

Band of connective tissue that runs in a
cranio-caudal direction dorsal to the vertebral bodies.

Attaches to the
vertebrae and the vertebral discs

A

Dorsal longitudinal lig. (Syndesmosis)

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16
Q

Wide band of connective tissue that runs in a
cranio-caudal direction ventral to the vertebral
bodies.

Attaches to the vertebrae and the vertebral discs

A

Ventral longitudinal lig ((Syndesmosis)

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17
Q

a fibrocartilage cushion that joint two vertebral bodies together.

Is classified as symphysis.

Is formed by a fibrous ring with a central gelatinous
mass or nucleus pulposus that act as a shock absorbing system

A

Intervertebral disc

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18
Q

what synovial joint resist the compression of the vertebral bodies

A

Nucleus pulposus

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19
Q

what synovial joint contain the nucleus pulposus and keep the vertebral bodies together

A

Fibrous ring

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20
Q

Costotransverse joint is what kind of joint

A

synovial- plane

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21
Q

Costovertebral joint is what kind of joint

A

synovial-plane

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22
Q

what is 1 and 2 of the ribs

A
  1. tubercle
  2. head
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23
Q

what kind of joint is between costal tubercle of the rib & transverse process of the vertebra.

Both bones have the same number

e.g: Rib 7 with Vertebra T7
Rib #7

A

Costotransverse joint

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24
Q

wha kind of joint among the head of the rib& the costal fovea of the same number of vertebra and the costal fovea of the cranial vertebra

A

costovertebral joint

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25
T/F The last 3 thoracic vertebrae have only a cranial costal fovea in their bodies
true
26
what does the red arrow point to
intercapital lig Ligament that connects the heads of the corresponding ribs from right and left sides.
27
Vertebral column: dog formula
C7, T13, L7, S3, Cd20–23
28
body surmounted by an arch that completes the enclosure of a vertebral foramen
Typical vertebra
29
what is red representing what is blue representing
red: arch blue: body
30
what are the green parts what are the purple parts
green: lamina purple: pedicle
31
The bases of the pedicles are __________ , and when successive bones articulate, these notches combine to outline intervertebral foramina
The bases of the pedicles are notched, and when successive bones articulate, these notches combine to outline intervertebral foramina
32
what is the teal part what are the pink parts
teal: spinous process pink: transverse process
33
what is highlighted in red
Articular processes (cranial & Caudal)
34
Label 1-4 on the body of the veterbrae
1. dorsal surface 2. cranial surface (convex) 3. median crest (centrally) 4. caudal surface (concave)
35
The summation of the vertebral foramina constitutes the vertebral _____
canal
36
is wider in cervical and lumbar regions and narrows in thoracic and sacral segments. Contain the spinal cord, roots of the spinal nerves, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, vessels and adipose tissue that filles the epidural space.
Vertebral canal
37
list the boundaries of intervertebral foramen
1. Articular processes (cranial & Caudal) 2. pedicle 3. Intervertebral disc
38
label 1-4 on the cervical vertebrae
1. atlas 2. axis 3. 3-6 cervical vertebras 4. 7th vertebra
39
Identify 1-5 of the atlas
1. alar notch 2. wing 3. fovea dentis 4. transverse foramen 5. laterial vertebral foramen
40
what is being pointed to
wing of atlas
41
what vertebrae is this
axis
42
Label 1-6 of the Axis
1. spinous process 2. Dens (odontoid process) 3. transverse foramen 4. Median crest 5. Transverse process 6. Caudal articular process
43
Label 1-6 on the vertebrae of 3-6 cervical vertebrae
1. Cranial articular process 2. spinous process (small) 3. Caudal articular process 4. Transverse foramen 5. Median crest 6. Doble Transverse process
44
what is being pointed to
Lamina ventralis
45
Label 1-5 of C7
1. Spinous process In a vertical position 2. Caudal articular process 3. Costal fovea To articulate with the head of rib#1 4. Transverse process is simple 5. Cranial articular process
46
Does C7 have a transverse foramen
NO
47
Label 1-6 on the Thoracic vertebrae
1. spinous process 2. Caudal articular process 3. Body with costal foveae 4. Transverse process with a costal fovea 5. Mamillary process 6. Cranial articular process Small flat surfaces
48
how many pairs of ribs are in a dog/cat
13 pairs
49
_________ are arranged in pairs and generally articulate with two successive vertebrae: the caudal one is that with the same numerical designation
the ribs
50
Label 1-7 on the rib
1. tubercle 2. head 3.neck 4.angle 5. body 6. costal cartilage 7. costochondral junction
51
The first 1- 9 ribs are known as ___________ribs, because they articulate directly with the sternum
sternal or “true”
52
Ribs 10-13 are the______________ ribs, because they don’t articulate directly with sternum.
asternal or “false”
53
The last pair of ribs #13 ____________ ribs. The ventral end of these ribs do not joint with any cartilage or bone.
floating
54
The cartilages of the asternal ribs combine to form the
costal arch
55
what is the most cranial part of the sternum
Manubrium
56
Label the 3 parts of the sternum
1. Manubrium- Articulate with the first costal cartilages 2. Body of the bone is composed of several segments (sternebrae) 3. Xiphoid process & cartilage
57
what is being pointed to
Sternebrae
58
what is the all encompassing term for what is highlighted in yellow
“Thoracic cage”
59
what is the yellow arrow pointing to
Cranial thoracic aperture or thoracic inlet
60
what 3 things make up the thoracic inlet
1.bodies and disc of C7-T1 vertebrae 2. first ribs and costal cartilages 3. manubrium of the sternum
61
The thoracic inlet is an open and narrow space for the
passage of vessels, nerves, trachea, esophagus among others
62
what is outlined in red
Caudal thoracic aperture or thoracic outlet
63
what 3 things make up the thoracic outlet
1. the bodies and disc between the T13-L1 vertebrae 2. last ribs, costal arches 3. xiphoid process.
64
The thoracic outlet is closed by the
diaphragm
65
label 1-4 of the Lumbar vertebrae
1. Cranial articular process mamillary process 2. Transverse process 3. spinous process 4. Caudal articular process
66
what is being pointed to
Transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae
67
what are the blue arrows pointing to what are the red stars representing
blue: mamillary processes red: Accesory processes
68
how many sacral vertebrae do dogs have
3
69
label 1-5 on the sacrum (dorsal)
1.Cranial articular processes 2.Wing of the sacrum with auricular articular surface of the ilium 3. spinous processes 4. Caudal articular processes 5. Dorsal sacral foramina
70
label 1-4 of the sacrum (ventral)
1. Promontory 2. Wing of the sacrum with auricular articular surface 3. Caudal articular processes 4. Ventral sacral foramina
71
what is being pointed to in blue
Hemal arch
72
what is the removal of the tail called where do we cut
caudectomy between 5 and 6
73
Label 1-5 of the sacrum
1. Rudimentary articular processes 2. Spinous processes 3. Vertebral canal 4. Wing of the sacrum with auricular articular surface 5. Promontory

CVM710: Anatomy (54 decks)

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