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CVM710: Anatomy > exam 2: nervous system brachial plexus > Flashcards

exam 2: nervous system brachial plexus Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Spinal roots are unidirectional

A

true

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2
Q

are dorsal roots or ventral roots comprised of afferent fibers
– sensory and proprioceptive fibers?

A

dorsal root

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3
Q

are dorsal roots or ventral roots comprised of efferent fibers
– motor neurons (to muscles and glands)

A

ventral root

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4
Q

T/F Spinal nerves are bidirectional

A

true

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5
Q

Carries nerve fibers that innervate structures dorsal to the transverse processes
* Afferent and efferent fibers

dorsal or ventral branch

A

dorsal branch (smaller)

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6
Q

Carries nerve fibers that innervate structures ventral to the transverse processes
* Afferent and efferent fibers

dorsal or ventral branch

A

ventral branch (larger)

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7
Q

Label the layers of a spinal nerve

A
  1. epineurim

2.perineurium

  1. endoneurium
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8
Q

Brachial Plexus

what is it
what is it formed by

A

network of nerves to thoracic limb

formed by ventral branches of spinal nerves (+/- C5) C6, C7, C8, T1, T2

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9
Q

_____________branches communicate and give rise to nerves that form the
brachial plexus

A

ventral branches

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10
Q

3 main functions of brachial plexus

A

Motor to skeletal muscles
Cutaneous sensory from skin
Proprioception from thoracic limb

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11
Q

Brachial Plexuses are located in the ____________ regions, close related with ________ vessels

A

axillary

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12
Q

Brachial Plexuses is classified as what kind of joint

A

synsarcosis (“joint of muscles)

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13
Q

what is this showing

A

avulsion (seperation) of brachial plexus

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14
Q

this nerve is NOT a nerve described as part of the brachial plexus, doesn’t innervate any structure in the thoracic limb but, the origin is very close to the brachial plexus.

A

Phrenic nerve

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15
Q

origin of phrenic nerve

A

C5-C6-C7

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16
Q

Is the phrenic nerve motor or sensory

A

Motor nerve of diaphragm

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17
Q

what nerve is being pointed to

A

phrenic nerve

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18
Q

Autonomous Zone (AZ) is where there is only __ nerve

A

one

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19
Q

what does green represent? orange?

A

green= cutaneous area of axillary nerve

orange= cutaneous area of radial nerve

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20
Q

what is being pointed to by the black arrow

A

overlap zone

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21
Q

what is being pointed to by the black arrows

A

autonomous zones

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22
Q

T/F: Nerves must have a cutaneous zone in order to have an overlap zone or autonomous zone

A

true

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23
Q

Extrinsic muscles of thoracic limb:

cleidobrachialis m is innervated by what nerve

A

Brachiocephalic n. (motor and sensory)

24
Q

Extrinsic muscles of thoracic limb:

Superficial pectoral m. is innervated by what nerve

A

Cranial pectoral nn (motor)

25
Q

Extrinsic muscles of thoracic limb:
Deep pectoral m. is innervated by what nerve

A

Caudal pectoral nn( motor)

26
Q

Extrinsic muscles of thoracic limb:
Latissimus dorsi m. is innervated by what nerve

A
  • Thoracodorsal n (motor)
27
Q

Extrinsic muscles of thoracic limb:
Serratus ventralis m is innervated by what nerve

A

Long thoracic n (motor)

28
Q

Cutaneous trunci m. (not
an extrinsic muscle) is innervated by what nerve

A

Lateral thoracic n (motor)

29
Q

what nerve is the yellow arrow pointing to

A

Brachiocephalic n. (very cranial)

30
Q

what nerve is being pointed to by the yellow arrow

A

Long thoracic n

31
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Suprascapular nerve

is it motor or sensory?

A

(C6, C7)
* Motor to:
– Supraspinatus m.
– Infraspinatus m.

  • No sensory innervation!!!!
32
Q

what nerve is this

A

Suprascapular n.

33
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Subscapular nerve

is it motor or sensory?

A

(C6, C7)
Motor to:
– Subscapularis m.

  • No sensory innervation!!!
34
Q

what nerve is being pointed to

A

Subscapular nerve

35
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Musculocutaneous nerve (C6,C7,C8)

is it motor or sensory?

A
  • Motor to:
    – Biceps brachii m.
    – Brachialis m.
    – Coracobrachialis m.
  • Sensory to:
    – Medial aspect of antebrachium
36
Q

If there is damage to the suprascapular nerve what would the result be

A

Can’t laterally stabilize humeral joint extend humeral joint

37
Q

If there is damage to the subscapular nerve what would be the result

A

Cannot medially stabilize humeral joint

38
Q

if there is damage to the Musculocutaneous nerve what would the result be

A

no flexion of cubital joint
may have paralysis

39
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Axillary nerve (C7,C8)

is it motor or sensory?

A
  • Motor to:
    – Teres major m.
    – Teres minor m.
    – Deltoideus m.
    – Caudal part of Subscapularis m.
  • Sensory to:
    – Craniolateral shoulder area
    – Cranial aspect of antebrachium
40
Q

if there is damage to the axillary nerve what would be the result

A

probably cant flex humeral joint

41
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Radial nerve (C7,C8, T1, T2)

what all muscles is it motor to?

A
  • Motor to:
    – Triceps brachii m.
    – Tensor fasciae antebrachii m.
    – Anconeus m.
    – Extensor carpi radialis m.
    – Common digital extensor m.
    – Lateral digital extensor m.
    – Extensor carpi ulnaris m.
    – Supinator m.

– Abductor pollicis longus m (not important)
– Brachioradialis m. (not important)

42
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Radial nerve (C7,C8, T1, T2)

sensory to?

A

Cranial and lateral aspect of
antebrachium

Medial and dorsal aspect of
manus

43
Q

if there is damage to the radial nerve what happens

A

NO RADIAL NERVE, NO THORACIC LIMB

no extension of cubital joint or carpal joint
no flexion humeral joint (long head of tricep)

cannot support body

44
Q

what is being pointed to in blue?
red?

A

blue- superficial branch of radial nerve

red- deep branch of radial nerve

45
Q

what is the blue arrow pointing to?
grey arrow?

A

blue= superficial branch of radial nerve

grey= cephalic vein

46
Q

label 1 and 2

A
  1. Antebrachial cutaneous nn. of radial nerve
  2. Dorsal common digital nn. of radial nerve
47
Q

Radial nerve innervates triceps brachii m., tensor fasciae antebrachii m. and anconeus m. then divides into

A

Deep branch (motor)
Superficial branch

48
Q

Deep branch (motor) of radial nerve Innervates

A

extensors mm. and supinator m. of the antebrachium

49
Q

Superficial branch of radial nerve is sensory to:

A

Cranial and lateral aspect of
antebrachium

Medial and dorsal aspect of
manus

50
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Median nerve (C8,T1,T2)

motor or sensory

A
  • Motor to:
    – Pronator teres m.
    – Flexor carpi radialis m.
    – Superficial digital flexor m.
    – Deep digital flexor m.
    – Pronator quadratus m.
  • Sensory to:
    – Palmar aspect of manus
51
Q

Nerves of the brachial plexus
innervating intrinsic thoracic limb muscles:

Ulnar nerve (C8,T1,T2)

motor or sensory

A

Motor to:
– Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
– Deep digital flexor m.
– Interossei mm.

Sensory to:
-Caudal aspect of antebrachium
(Caudal antebrachial cutaneous n.)
-Palmar aspect of manus
-Lateral side of digit 5th

52
Q

what nerve is 1? 2?

A
  1. Median n.
  2. Ulnar n.
53
Q

what nerve is this

A

Ulnar n.

54
Q

what is being pointed to

A

Ulnar n. Cutaneous branch to
digit v

55
Q

if there is damage to Median nerve what would probably happen

A

may not be able to:
-flex carpal jt, metacarpophalangeal jt, proximal interphalangeal jt, digital joint
- pronate manus

56
Q

if there is damage to the ulnar nerve what may the animal not be able to do

A

-flex antebrachial joint

-flex carpal or digital joint
-support and flex
metacarpophalangeal joint

CVM710: Anatomy (28 decks)

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