Etsey Exam #3 Flashcards
Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?
It absorbs dietary lipids.
It returns excess fluid from tissues to the blood.
It transports nutrients to tissues.
It provides immunity.
It returns proteins to the blood.
It transports nutrients to tissues.
Which stomach cell secretes pepsinogen?
Goblet cell
Chief cell
Mucous cell
Parietal cell
Enteroendocrine cell
Chief cell
Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?
They secrete substances that do not alter the metabolism of their target cells, but have extracellular effects.
Their secretions may be released onto the body surface.
They have an unusually low density of blood capillaries.
They secrete their products by way of ducts.
They release their secretions into the blood.
They release their secretions into the blood.
What is the correct order of the branches off the aortic arch from right to left?
Brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery, left common carotid artery
Brachiocephalic trunk, right common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
Brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian artery, left common carotid artery
Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
Right subclavian artery, brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery
Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
Which of the following is a characteristic of mature red blood cells?
They have numerous mitochondria.
They are able to undergo mitosis.
They carry most of the carbon dioxide that is transported in the blood.
They lack a nucleus.
They play an important role in immune defense.
They lack a nucleus
Which hormone leads to increased osteoclast activity and elevates the blood calcium concentration?
ACTH
Calcitriol
Parathyroid hormone
Aldosterone
Calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone
Which of the following is not a function of blood?
Heat transfer
Nutrient transport
Hormone production
Clotting
pH buffering
Hormone production
What is the correct order of structures through which air flows into the respiratory tract?
Pharynx; larynx; trachea; bronchi; bronchioles
Larynx; pharynx; trachea; bronchi; bronchioles
Pharynx; trachea; larynx; bronchi; bronchioles
Larynx; pharynx; bronchi; trachea; bronchioles
Larynx; pharynx; trachea; bronchioles; bronchi
Pharynx; larynx; trachea; bronchi; bronchioles
Autoimmune diseases are disorders in which the immune system fails to distinguish __________ from foreign ones.
self-complement proteins
self-interleukins
self-antibodies
self-immunoglobulins
self-antigens
self-antigens
Which type of cell repairs damaged alveolar epithelium?
Alveolar macrophages
Great (type II) alveolar cells
T lymphocytes
Goblet cells
Squamous (type I) alveolar cells
Great (type II) alveolar cells
Which structure in the fetus enables blood to bypass the lungs and pass directly from the right atrium to the left atrium?
Bulbus cordis
Truncus arteriosus
Foramen ovale
Sinus venosus
Ductus arteriosus
Foramen ovale
Where do T cells become immunocompetent?
Yolk sac
Spleen
Bone marrow
Thymus
Lymph nodes
Thymus
Which of the following is associated with veins but not arteries?
A tunica media with abundant elastic fibers
Valves
A tunica media with abundant smooth muscle
Fenestrations
Continuous endothelium
Valves
Which of the following routes of blood flow is correct?
Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart
Heart → distributing artery → conducting artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → large vein → medium vein → heart
Heart → venule → medium vein → large vein → capillary → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → heart
Heart → large vein → medium vein → venule→ capillary → arteriole → distributing artery → conducting artery → heart
Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart
Diabetes insipidus is caused by __________.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hypersecretion
aldosterone hypersecretion
cortisol hypersecretion
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion
epinephrine hypersecretion
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion
What is the correct path of an electrical excitation from the pacemaker to a cardiomyocyte in the left ventricle (LV)?
Atrioventricular (AV) node → subendocardial conducting network → atrioventricular (AV) bundle → sinuatrial (SA) node → cardiomyocyte in LV
Sinuatrial (SA) node → atrioventricular (AV) node → subendocardial conducting network → atrioventricular (AV) bundle → cardiomyocyte in LV
Atrioventricular (AV) node → sinuatrial (SA) node → atrioventricular (AV) bundle → subendocardial conducting network → cardiomyocyte in LV
Sinuatrial (SA) node → atrioventricular (AV) node → atrioventricular (AV) bundle → subendocardial conducting network → cardiomyocyte in LV
Sinuatrial (SA) node → atrioventricular (AV) bundle → atrioventricular (AV) node → subendocardial conducting network → cardiomyocyte in LV
Sinuatrial (SA) node → atrioventricular (AV) node → atrioventricular (AV) bundle → subendocardial conducting network → cardiomyocyte in LV
What are the more than one million functional units found in each kidney called?
Minor calyces
Collecting ducts
Nephrons
Major calyces
Renal pyramids
Nephrons
Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?
They release waste into the bloodstream.
They indirectly increase oxyhemoglobin.
They help control blood pressure.
They fight osteoporosis by synthesizing vitamin D.
They regulate osmolarity of the body fluids.
They release waste into the bloodstream.
A glomerulus and glomerular capsule make up one __________.
renal corpuscle
kidney lobe
kidney lobule
renal capsule
nephron
renal corpuscle
Many hours after a meal, alpha (α) cells in the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) secrete __________.
insulin, which lowers blood glucose
insulin, which raises blood glucose
glucocorticoids, which raise blood glucose
glucagon, which raises blood glucose
glucagon, which lowers blood glucose
glucagon, which raises blood glucose