Ch. 11 Assignment Flashcards
Which of the following are examples of muscle compartments that separate and organize the appendicular musculature? Check all that apply.
anterior
posterior
lateral
deep
anterior
posterior
lateral
A fascicle is bound and defined by the __________.
endomysium
fascia
myofilaments
epimysium
perimysium
perimysium
If a tendon runs longitudinally throughout a muscle and fascicles insert obliquely on it along both sides, the muscle is classified as __________.
parallel
oblique
bipennate
convergent
multipennate
bipennate
A circular muscle that controls a body opening or passage is called a/an __________.
sphincter
In some indirect muscle attachments the tendon is a broad sheet of connective tissue called a/an ___________.
aponeurosis
ligament
epimysium
sarcolemma
aponeurosis
Why have the terms “origin” and “insertion” largely been abandoned in describing a muscle’s points of attachment?
The movable and immovable points of attachment are not always the same in every action a muscle performs.
Grays Anatomy is old, outdated, and fallen out of use.
These terms have now been replaced by “direct” and “indirect” to describe a muscle’s points of attachment.
A muscle’s attachment points can change depending on the action performed.
The movable and immovable points of attachment are not always the same in every action a muscle performs.
A muscle that holds a bone still during a particular action is called a/an __________.
fixator
antagonist
agonist
synergist
intrinsic muscle
fixator
A muscle that aids the prime mover is called a/an ___________.
synergist
antagonist
agonist
fixor
synergist
Many bones act as levers, an elongated rigid object that rotates around a fixed point called a fulcrum. A __________ serves as a fulcrum.
joint
muscle
force
load
joint
The word __________ in a muscle name indicates a function related to the head.
cervicis
carpi
capitis
hallucis
teres
capitis
The _______ of a muscle refers to the identity of the nerve that stimulates it to contract.
innervation
Muscles below the neck are innervated by nerves that are branches of ________ arising from the spinal cord.
spinal nerves
Muscles of the head and neck are innervated by _______ arising from the base of the brain.
cranial nerves
After a spinal nerve emerges from its intervertebral foramen, it branches into a posterior and anterior __________.
ramus
A _________ is a weblike network of spinal nerves from which nerves may emerge to innervate muscles.
plexus
The ___________ of a muscle refers to the identity of the nerve that stimulates it.
innervation
The diaphragm is stimulated to contract by the phrenic nerve. Therefore, this statement describes the __________ of the diaphragm muscle.
origin
insertion
action
innervation
innervation
Of the listed muscles, indicate which muscle will depress the mandible.
platysma
sternocleidomastoid
masseter
platysma
The __________ produce(s) lateral grinding movements of the jaw.
pterygoids
temporalis
hyoglossus
zygomaticus major and minor
risorius
pterygoids
Which of the following muscles aids in chewing without moving the mandible?
temporalis
mentalis
buccinator
levator anguli oris
splenius cervicis
buccinator
Inhaling requires one to enlarge the thoracic cavity by _______ the diaphragm.
contracting
The diaphragm attaches to itself on a structure called the ________
central tendon
The ______ muscles, between the ribs, assist in inspiration and expiration.
intercostal
When the ______ muscle contracts, it flattens out slightly, compressing the abdominal cavity.
diaphragm
We breathe primarily by using muscles that enclose the ______ cavity.
thoracic
These muscles include the diaphragm, the innermost muscles, and the internal and external ______ muscles.
intercostal
The diaphragm is a muscular sheet between the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is a prime mover of ______
inspiration
The internal intercostals ______ the ribs and expand the thoracic cavity during inspiration.
elevate
The external intercostals ______ the ribs causing a partial vacuum effect resulting in an influx of air.
protract
Which of these muscles of the pelvic floor is the deepest?
Superficial transverse perineal
Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus
Deep transverse perineal
Levator ani
Levator ani
The abdominal aponeuroses converge on a median fibrous band on the abdomen called the __________ __________.
linea alba
Which of the following muscles does not act on the vertebral column?
Serratus posterior superior
Iliocostalis thoracis
Longissimus thoracis
Spinalis thoracis
Multifidus
Serratus posterior superior
