Ch. 6 Assignment + Quiz

Question 1

A fracture in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces is called a __________ fracture.

linear
pott
comminuted
greenstick
compound

Answer 1

comminuted

Question 2

Which of the following fracture types is characterized by the bone protruding through skin?

Complete
Incomplete
Closed
Open
Displaced

Answer 2

Open

Question 3

Which of the following is not a function of the skeleton?

Store calcium and phosphate ions

Store red blood cells

Provide support for most muscles

Protect the brain

Protect the spinal cord

Answer 3

Store red blood cells

Question 4

Calcitriol is made from __________.

calcitonin

7-dehydrocholesterol

hydroxyapatite

estrogen

parathyroid hormone

Answer 4

7-dehydrocholesterol

Question 5

Which of the following is not a tissue that can be associated with a long bone?

Osseous tissue
Nervous tissue
Adipose tissue
Cartilage
Transitional epithelium

Answer 5

Transitional epithelium

Question 6

Which of the following is not one of the four groups of bones?

Long bones
Short bones
Rounded bones
Irregular bones
Flat bones

Answer 6

Rounded bones

Question 7

The expanded head at each end of a long bone is called a/an __________.

epiphysis
diaphysis
articular cartilage
periosteum
endosteum

Answer 7

epiphysis

Question 8

Which of the following are bone-forming cells?

Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes
Osteons

Answer 8

Osteoblasts

Question 9

Which of the following is an inorganic component of the bone matrix?

Proteoglycans
Glycoproteins
Collagen
Hydroxyapatite
Glycosaminoglycans

Answer 9

Hydroxyapatite

Question 10

__________ provide(s) hardness to bones, whereas __________ provide(s) some degree of flexibility.

Hydroxyapatite and other minerals; proteins

Collagen and elastic fibers; minerals

Glycoproteins; proteoglycans

Calcium carbonate; calcium phosphate

Proteins; collagen

Answer 10

Hydroxyapatite and other minerals; proteins

Question 11

Osteoclasts are most closely related by common descent to __________.

osteocytes
osteogenic cells
monocytes
fibroblasts
osteoblasts

Answer 11

monocytes

Question 12

What is the deposition of calcium salts called?

Calcification
Ossification
Resorption
Osteomalacia

Answer 12

Calcification

Question 13

Endochondral ossification involves a precursor made of __________, which is replaced by bone.

embryonic mesenchyme
fibrous membranes
hyaline cartilage
transitional epithelium
fibrocartilage

Answer 13

hyaline cartilage

Question 14

Which of the following bones are formed via the process of intramembranous ossification?

The irregular bones of the vertebrae

The flat bones of the skull

The long bones of the limbs

The short bones of the wrist

The short bones of the ankle

Answer 14

The flat bones of the skull

Question 15

The __________ is a marginal zone of the epiphysial plate where, in children and adolescents, bone can be seen replacing the hyaline cartilage.

metaphysis

primary ossification center

secondary ossification center

osteoid tissue

epiphysial line

Answer 15

metaphysis

Question 16

Most limb bones are classified as what shape?

Flat
Irregular
Long
Short
Wide

Answer 16

Long

Question 17

Which of the following skeletal system components is incorrectly paired?

Bone; protects delicate organs

Tendon; connects bone to bone

Ligament; connects bones at joints

Cartilage; covers joint surfaces

Answer 17

Tendon; connects bone to bone

Question 18

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

It stores and releases minerals.

It produces vitamin C.

It removes toxins from the blood.

It protects the viscera.

It produces blood cells.

Answer 18

It produces vitamin C.

Question 19

What would you find in the marrow cavity of the diaphysis of an adult humerus (arm bone)?

Red bone marrow
Hematopoietic tissue
Compact bone
Yellow bone marrow
Periosteum

Answer 19

Yellow bone marrow

Question 20

A/an __________ covers most parts of a bone except for its articular cartilage.

epicondyle
periosteum
diploe
tendon
epiphysial plate

Answer 20

periosteum

Question 21

Which cells are responsible for the breakdown of bone?

C cells
Osteoblasts
Haversian cells
Osteogenic cells
Osteoclasts

Answer 21

Osteoclasts

Question 22

What is found within the lacunae of bone?

Chondrocytes
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Monocytes

Answer 22

Osteocytes

Question 23

If it were not for the __________, osteocytes in the outer lamellae of an osteon would not be able to transport their wastes to the bloodstream for removal.

trabeculae
nutrient canals
matrix
ruffled border
canaliculi

Answer 23

canaliculi

Question 24

What protein are bone matrix fibers are composed of?

Osteon
Collagen
Elastin
Fibrin
Keratin

Answer 24

Collagen

Question 25

Which of the following best describes hydroxyapatite? A secretion of the osteoclasts Calcium phosphate in the bone matrix Fibrous protein in the bone matrix Dissolved minerals in the tissue fluid Dissolved minerals in the blood plasma

Answer 25

Calcium phosphate in the bone matrix

Question 26

What is the role of the perichondrium that surrounds the cartilaginous model early in the process of endochondral ossification? It forms the epiphysial plate. It forms trabeculae that accumulate osteoid. It produces red bone marrow. It produces osteoclasts. It produces chondrocytes, and the model grows.

Answer 26

It produces chondrocytes, and the model grows.

Question 27

An adolescent grows in height mainly because of events that occur in the __________ of the skeleton. medullary cavities metaphyses epicondyles hematopoietic tissue endosteum

Answer 27

metaphyses

Question 28

Which of the following would decrease bone deposition by osteoblasts? Estrogen Parathyroid hormone Calcitonin Testosterone Growth hormone

Answer 28

Parathyroid hormone

Question 29

Which of the following is not necessary for normal bone growth? Vitamin D Sex steroids Vitamin C Calcitonin Carotene

Answer 29

Carotene

Question 30

As bones lengthen, what occurs at the zone of hypertrophy in the metaphysis? Chondrocytes die, and walls between lacunae break down. Cartilage is calcified when minerals are deposited in matrix between lacunae. Chondrocytes become larger. Osteoblasts deposit matrix, and spongy bone is produced. Chondrocytes multiply.

Answer 30

Chondrocytes become larger.

Question 31

What is the technical term for a gradual loss of bone that usually begins between ages 30 and 40? Achondroplastic dwarfism Osteoporosis Osteopenia Osteomalacia Rickets

Answer 31

Osteopenia

Question 32

Bone protrudes through the skin in a fracture called __________. complete open closed incomplete displaced

Answer 32

open

Question 33

An elderly woman with pronounced kyphosis suffers a hip fracture. What type of fracture is most likely? Uncomplicated fracture Closed reduction fracture Stress fracture Pathologic fracture Fragmentary fracture

Answer 33

Pathologic fracture

Question 34

A child falls and breaks his humerus, the upper arm bone, along the epiphysial plate. Which of the following could result from this injury? As an adult, red marrow will persist in the medullary cavity of the humerus. Blood cell production will decrease dramatically in the injured bone. As an adult, the diaphysis of the broken humerus will be much smaller than that of the unbroken one. As an adult this person will have one humerus longer than the other.

Answer 34

As an adult this person will have one humerus longer than the other.

Question 35

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the healing of a bone fracture? Hematoma formation → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → bone remodeling Bone remodeling → hard callus formation → soft callus formation → hematoma formation Bone remodeling → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation Soft callus formation → hard callus formation → hematoma formation → bone remodeling Hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling

Answer 35

Hematoma formation → soft callus formation → hard callus formation → bone remodeling