Ch. 5 Connect + Quiz

Question 1

The hair present only prenatally is called __________, most of which is replaced by __________ by the time of birth.

pilus; terminal hair
downy hair; terminal hair
vellus hair; terminal hair
vellus hair; downy hair
downy hair; vellus hair

Answer 1

downy hair; vellus hair

Question 2

A pilus is also known as a __________.

hair
hair follicle
tiny muscle that moves a hair
sensory nerve fiber around the base of a hair
gland associated with a hair follicle

Answer 2

hair

Question 3

The __________ provides the hair with its sole source of nutrition.

bulb
root
shaft
dermal papilla
medulla

Answer 3

dermal papilla

Question 4

Each hair grows in an oblique epithelial tube called a/an __________.

hair follicle
velds hair
pilus
bulb
dermal papilla

Answer 4

hair follicle

Question 5

Bilirubin causes a skin discoloration called __________.

erythema
jaundice
pallor
bronzing
cyanosis

Answer 5

jaundice

Question 6

Yellowing skin can indicate failure of the __________ to function properly.

liver
kidneys
gallbladder
urinary bladder
lungs

Answer 6

liver

Question 7

Which of the following skin conditions or appearances would most likely result from liver failure?

pallor
erythema
pemphigus vulgaris
jaundice
melanization

Answer 7

jaundice

Question 8

A mother of a toddler visits her pediatrician because her child is turning orange. Lab tests indicate no abnormality. What could be causing the orange coloration?

The toddler’s diet consists of mostly sweet potatoes and carrots.
The toddler was in the sun too long.
The mother has been feeding the baby orange soda.
There is no logical explanation for this coloration change.

Answer 8

The toddler’s diet consists of mostly sweet potatoes and carrots.

Question 9

The contraction of the arrector muscles in humans causes __________.

hairs to stand on end trapping an insulating layer of warm air next to the skin
generation of heat to raise the body temperature
hairs to stand on end to make the individual appear bigger
hairs to stand on end with no apparent function
increased ability to feel pain

Answer 9

hairs to stand on end with no apparent function

Question 10

Dehydration could cause a decrease in the function of __________ glands, which could result in hyperthermia.

mammary
ceruminous
sebaceous
appocrine sweat
eccrine sweat

Answer 10

eccrine sweat

Question 11

Which of the following does not interfere with microbial invasion of the skin?

the acid mantle
melanin
cerumen
keratin
sebum

Answer 11

melanin

Question 12

Cells of the epidermis that stand guard against pathogens that breach the surface of the skin are __________.

dendritic cells
melanocytes
keratinocytes
merkel cells

Answer 12

dendritic cells

Question 13

People of all skin colors have approximately the same concentration of melanocytes per square centimeter. What can you conclude about melanin production?

More melanin is produced by each melanocyte in people with dark skin.
Melanin has a lighter color in people with light skin coloration.
Melanin is darker in people with dark skin.
Some melanocytes in light skinned people are non-functional.

Answer 13

More melanin is produced by each melanocyte in people with dark skin.

Question 14

Most of the skin is ___________ mm thick.

0.01 to 0.02
0.1 to 0.2
1 to 2
10 to 20
100 to 200

Answer 14

1 to 2

Question 15

Fingerprints left on things we touch result from a pattern created by the __________.

dermal papillae
flexion creases
stratum basale
subcutaneous tissue
subcutaneous fat

Answer 15

dermal papillae

Question 16

Which of the following is associated with the sense of touch?

fibroblasts
melanocytes
keratinocytes
dendritic (langerhans) cells
tactile (merkel) cells

Answer 16

tactile (merkel) cells

Question 17

A 3 mm thick laceration of the skin of the anterior forearm would not harm the _________ layer of the epidermis.

papillary
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum

Answer 17

stratum lucidum

Question 18

The hypodermis usually has an abundance of __________ tissue.

epithelial
muscular
nervous
adipose
keratinized

Answer 18

adipose

Question 19

__________ are not cells found in the epidermis.

melanocytes
fibroblasts
stem cells
keratinocytes
tactile (merkel) cells

Answer 19

fibroblasts

Question 20

How does the epidermis differ from the inner lining of the esophagus?

It is keratinized.

It is not keratinized.

It is a stratified squamous epithelium.

It rests on a layer of connective tissue.

It is not a stratified squamous epithelium.

Answer 20

It is keratinized.

Question 21

What is a desirable (and healthy) result of exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun?

Sunburn

A decrease in melanocyte activity

A deep bronze tan

Increased production of vitamin C

Increased production of vitamin D

Answer 21

Increased production of vitamin D

Question 22

Leather is made of the __________ layer of the dermis.

papillary
areolar
reticular
collagen
keratin

Answer 22

reticular

Question 23

Which skin color is most likely to result from anemia?

Hematoma
Albinism
Erythema
Pallor
Jaundice

Answer 23

Pallor

Question 24

Which of the following best describes the composition of the dermis?

Elastic fibers and melanocytes

Elastic fibers and dendritic cells

Collagen and fibroblasts

Collagen and living keratinocytes

Collagen and dead keratinocytes

Answer 24

Collagen and fibroblasts

Question 25

Which genetically inherited condition results from an inability to produce melanin? Erythema Jaundice Addison disease Pallor Albinism

Answer 25

Albinism

Question 26

Looking at a slide of thin skin under the microscope, you note that the stratum basale is the __________ layer of the epidermis in from the surface. second third fifth first fourth

Answer 26

fourth

Question 27

What is the best explanation for the observation that mitosis occurs in the deepest layers of the epidermis? The cells in the deepest layer of the epidermis are metabolically active. Protein granules accumulate in the cytoplasm of cells as they move up the layers. Mitosis requires oxygen and nutrients supplied by blood vessels. Cells are dead in the top layer of the skin. Cells undergo apoptosis in upper layers of the epidermis.

Answer 27

Mitosis requires oxygen and nutrients supplied by blood vessels.

Question 28

The synthesis of __________ depends on the penetration of ultraviolet light through the epidermis. carotene keratin collagen cholesterol vitamin D

Answer 28

vitamin D

Question 29

Which layer of the epidermis consists of up to 30 layers of dead cells? Stratum corneum Stratum basale Stratum lucidum Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum

Answer 29

Stratum corneum

Question 30

The skin discoloration most likely to suggest physical abuse is __________. hematoma jaundice pallor albinism erythema

Answer 30

hematoma

Question 31

Which of the following substances that contributes to skin color is of dietary origin? Hemoglobin Collagen Bilirubin Melanin Carotene

Answer 31

Carotene

Question 32

What are the regions of a hair, from deepest to superficial? Root, stem, and trunk Medulla, cortex, and cuticle Bulb, root, and shaft Bulb, root, and shaft Vellus, pilus, and downy

Answer 32

Bulb, root, and shaft

Question 33

The contraction of the arrector muscles (pilomotor muscle or arrector pili) in humans causes __________. hairs to stand on end with no apparent function hairs to stand on end to make the individual appear bigger increased ability to feel pain hairs to stand on end, trapping an insulating layer of warm air next to the skin generation of heat to raise the body temperature

Answer 33

hairs to stand on end with no apparent function

Question 34

The narrow zone of dead skin overhanging the proximal end of a nail is called the __________. nail root lunule eponychium nail body nail plate

Answer 34

eponychium

Question 35

Why does hair turn gray or white as people age? Keratin production decreases. Mitosis slows down in the hair shaft. The shaft becomes rounder in cross-section. Melanocytes die out. Blood supply to the scalp diminishes.

Answer 35

Melanocytes die out.

Question 36

A hair cycle consists of three developmental stages in which order? Catagen, anagen, and telogen Telogen, anagen, and catagen Anagen, telogen, and catagen Anagen, catagen, and telogen Catagen, telogen, and anagen

Answer 36

Anagen, catagen, and telogen

Question 37

The __________ glands are a source of sex pheromones. ceruminous apocrine mammary eccrine sebaceous

Answer 37

apocrine

Question 38

In which of the following areas would one not expect to find apocrine glands? In the forearm region In the axillae In the genital region In the beard region Around the nipples

Answer 38

In the forearm region

Question 39

Which glands are most responsible for cooling the skin? Ceruminous glands Exothermic glands Apocrine glands Eccrine glands Sebaceous glands

Answer 39

Eccrine glands

Question 40

What is the most widely distributed sweat gland in the body? Apocrine Eccrine Ceruminous Sweat Sebaceous

Answer 40

Eccrine

Question 41

Which of the following does not develop from embryonic ectoderm? Apocrine glands Hair follicles Dermis Nails Keratinocytes

Answer 41

Dermis

Question 42

Which cutaneous glands develop as outgrowths of hair follicles? Eccrine and apocrine glands Eccrine and sebaceous glands Sebaceous and apocrine glands Ceruminous and sebaceous glands Eccrine and ceruminous glands

Answer 42

Sebaceous and apocrine glands

Question 43

What is the most common form of skin cancer? Melanoma Basal cell carcinoma Multiple myeloma Erythema Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 43

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 44

What is the greatest immediate threat to the survival of a patient with severe burns? Pain Loss of thermoregulation Fluid loss Infection Eschar

Answer 44

Fluid loss