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Anatomy > Connect Ch. 21 > Flashcards

Connect Ch. 21 Flashcards

1
Q

A blood vessel adapted to withstand great fluctuations in blood pressure would be expected to have __________.

an elastic tunica media

a thick tunica interna

one-way valves

a flexible endothelium

a rigid tunica media

A

an elastic tunica media

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2
Q

The epithelium that lines the inside of a blood vessel is called __________.

A

endothelium

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3
Q

An x-ray of a person with low back pain shows a distention of the largest blood vessel in the thoracolumbar area. This person probably has a/an __________.

abdominal aortic aneurysm

cerebral aneurysm

dissecting aneurysm

thoracic aortic aneurysm

deep vein thrombosis

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm

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4
Q

The lungs receive a systemic blood supply by way of the __________.

bronchial arteries

pulmonary arteries

lobar arteries

pulmonary veins

A

bronchial arteries

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5
Q

Most of the blood supply to the brain comes from a ring of arterial anastomoses called the cerebral __________ circle.

A

arterial

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6
Q

The major superficial vein of the lateral arm is the __________ vein.

A

cephalic

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7
Q

Which of the following arteries does not contain blood that is destined to circulate through the brain before returning to the heart?

Vertebral arteries

Internal carotid arteries

Basilar artery

Superficial temporal artery

Anterior communicating artery

A

Superficial temporal artery

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8
Q

Swelling of the hand could be caused by a thrombosis in the __________ vein.

median antebrachial

dorsal venous arch

small saphenous

popliteal

internal jugular

A

median antebrachial

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9
Q

If a thrombus blocked blood flow in the ulnar artery, blood could still flow to the hand via which of the following?

Radial artery
Brachial artery
Axillary artery
Subclavian artery

A

Radial artery

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10
Q

The artery of the upper medial thigh, which is sometimes used to palpate a pulse, is the __________ artery.

femoral
popliteal
external iliac
circumflex femoral

A

femoral

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11
Q

A plexus of veins visible on the back of the hand that empties into the superficial veins of the forearm is called the __________.

dorsal venous network
ventral venous network
dorsal anastamosis
ventral anastamosis

A

dorsal venous network

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12
Q

The two common __________ veins unite like an upside down “Y” to form the inferior vena cava.

A

iliac

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13
Q

The stem cells (angioblasts) that give rise to endothelium in a developing embryo are located in which structure of the embryo?

Heart
Bone marrow
Yolk sac
Placenta

A

Yolk sac

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14
Q

Blood islands, the structures that merge to form blood vessels, consist of hemocytoblasts which give rise to __________ and angioblasts which give rise to __________.

blood cells; the endothelium of the blood vessels
the endothelium of the blood vessels; blood cells
red blood cells; white blood cells
white blood cells; red blood cells

A

blood cells; the endothelium of the blood vessels

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15
Q

The connection to the placenta has to be redirected after birth. To accomplish this redirection, the ductus venosus constricts and forces blood to flow through the __________ instead of directly into the inferior vena cava.

spleen
kidney
heart
liver

A

liver

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16
Q

Venous blood from the intestines flows through the liver before it flows through the heart. (T/F)

A

true

17
Q

Which of the following describes fenestrated capillaries?

They allow for rapid passage of large molecules, such as formed elements in the bone marrow.

They are found in most organs.

They are important in organs that engage in absorption or filtration.

They have no basal lamina.

They are the most common type of capillary in the body.

A

They are important in organs that engage in absorption or filtration.

18
Q

What is the function of the carotid sinuses?

They are both baroreceptors and chemoreceptors that monitor blood flow through the brain.

They are baroreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure.

They are irregular spaces in the bone marrow through which formed elements can pass.

They are dural sinuses, which drain blood that has circulated through the brain.

They are chemoreceptors that monitor blood chemistry.

A

They are baroreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure.

19
Q

What might account for a soldier experiencing syncope after standing at attention for a long period of time?

Venous pooling
Increased heart rate
Increased respiratory rate
Vasoconstriction

A

Venous pooling

20
Q

In which capillaries are there numerous filtration pores?

Continuous

Venous

Fenestrated

Sinusoid

A

Fenestrated

21
Q

Which of the following is associated with veins but not arteries?

A tunica media with abundant elastic fibers
Continuous endothelium
Valves
Fenestrations
A tunica media with abundant smooth muscle

A

Valves

22
Q

Which of the following routes of blood flow is correct?

Heart → large vein → medium vein → venule→ capillary → arteriole → distributing artery → conducting artery → heart

Heart → venule → medium vein → large vein → capillary → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → heart

Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart

Heart → distributing artery → conducting artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → large vein → medium vein → heart

A

Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart

23
Q

The right pulmonary artery directly gives rise to which vessel?

Pulmonary vein
Middle lobar vein
Pulmonary trunk
Superior lobar artery

A

Superior lobar artery

24
Q

Which of the following vessels supplies 80% of the cerebrum with oxygenated blood?

Middle cerebral artery
Superficial temporal artery
Occipital artery
Internal carotid artery
Anterior cerebral artery

A

Internal carotid artery

25
Q

The human body has only one of which of the following vessels?

Plantar arch

Superior mesenteric artery

Axillary artery

Femoral artery

Superior phrenic artery

A

Superior mesenteric artery

26
Q

Which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the distal end of the large intestine?

The superior mesenteric
The lumbar
The internal iliac
The celiac trunk
The inferior mesenteric

A

The inferior mesenteric

27
Q

Which of the following best describes the cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)?

An anastomosis circling the entire cortex

A short anastomosis found in the cerebellum

An anastomosis surrounding the pituitary gland

A portal system connecting the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary

Formed by the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses

A

An anastomosis surrounding the pituitary gland

28
Q

What is the path of blood from the heart, to the left zygomaticus muscles, and back to the heart?

Aorta → left common carotid artery → left external carotid artery → left facial artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava

Aorta → left common carotid artery → left internal carotid artery → left maxillary artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left external jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava

Aorta → left brachiocephalic artery → left common carotid artery → left internal carotid artery → left occipital artery → zygomatic tissues → left maxillary vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava

Aorta → left brachiocephalic artery → left common carotid artery → left external carotid artery → left facial artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → superior vena cava

A

Aorta → left common carotid artery → left external carotid artery → left facial artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava

29
Q

Near the elbow, the brachial artery branches and gives rise to which of the following?

The ulnar artery and the superior ulnar collateral artery

The radial and superior ulnar collateral arteries

The deep brachial and radial collateral arteries

The radial and ulnar arteries

The radial and anterior interosseous arteries

A

The radial and ulnar arteries

30
Q

The major deep veins of the forearm are the __________ on the medial side and the __________ on the lateral side.

basilic; cephalic
brachial; axillary
ulnar; radial
cephalic; basilic
radial; ulnar

A

ulnar; radial

31
Q

A victim of a shark attack bleeds to death within minutes. Which vessel did the shark’s teeth probably sever?

Abdominal aorta
Subclavian artery
Great saphenous vein
Radial artery
Femoral artery

A

Femoral artery

32
Q

What is one possible path of blood from the heart to the left hallux and back to the heart?

Aorta → left common iliac artery → lleft external iliac artery → left great saphenous artery → left anterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left small saphenous vein → left femoral vein → left internal iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

Aorta → left common iliac artery → left internal iliac artery → left femoral artery → left popliteal artery → left posterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left fibular vein → left popliteal vein → left internal iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

Aorta → left common iliac artery → left internal iliac artery → left small saphenous artery → left popliteal artery → left posterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left femoral vein → left internal iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

Aorta → left common iliac artery → left external iliac artery → left femoral artery → left popliteal artery → left anterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left great saphenous vein → left femoral vein → left external iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

A

Aorta → left common iliac artery → left external iliac artery → left femoral artery → left popliteal artery → left anterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left great saphenous vein → left femoral vein → left external iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

33
Q

Which of the following is not a vein of the upper limb?

Great saphenous vein
Basilic vein
Cephalic vein
Median antebrachial vein
Ulnar vein

A

Great saphenous vein

34
Q

Which of the following does not increase the risk of atherosclerosis?

Stress
Consistent exercise
A diet high in cholesterol
Smoking
Sedentary lifestyle

A

Consistent exercise

35
Q

What is the condition, especially noticeable in the lower limbs, that develops when veins become distended due to backflow of blood through stretched venous valves?

Phlebitis
Varicose veins
Aneurysm
Vasculitis
Cardiovascular accident

A

Varicose veins

36
Q

Which of the following is a remnant of fetal circulation?

Ductus arteriosus
Ductus venosus
Foramen ovale
Ligamentum venosum
Aortic sac

A

Ligamentum venosum

Anatomy (37 decks)

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