Connect Ch. 21

Question 1

A blood vessel adapted to withstand great fluctuations in blood pressure would be expected to have __________.

an elastic tunica media

a thick tunica interna

one-way valves

a flexible endothelium

a rigid tunica media

Answer 1

an elastic tunica media

Question 2

The epithelium that lines the inside of a blood vessel is called __________.

Answer 2

endothelium

Question 3

An x-ray of a person with low back pain shows a distention of the largest blood vessel in the thoracolumbar area. This person probably has a/an __________.

abdominal aortic aneurysm

cerebral aneurysm

dissecting aneurysm

thoracic aortic aneurysm

deep vein thrombosis

Answer 3

abdominal aortic aneurysm

Question 4

The lungs receive a systemic blood supply by way of the __________.

bronchial arteries

pulmonary arteries

lobar arteries

pulmonary veins

Answer 4

bronchial arteries

Question 5

Most of the blood supply to the brain comes from a ring of arterial anastomoses called the cerebral __________ circle.

Answer 5

arterial

Question 6

The major superficial vein of the lateral arm is the __________ vein.

Answer 6

cephalic

Question 7

Which of the following arteries does not contain blood that is destined to circulate through the brain before returning to the heart?

Vertebral arteries

Internal carotid arteries

Basilar artery

Superficial temporal artery

Anterior communicating artery

Answer 7

Superficial temporal artery

Question 8

Swelling of the hand could be caused by a thrombosis in the __________ vein.

median antebrachial

dorsal venous arch

small saphenous

popliteal

internal jugular

Answer 8

median antebrachial

Question 9

If a thrombus blocked blood flow in the ulnar artery, blood could still flow to the hand via which of the following?

Radial artery
Brachial artery
Axillary artery
Subclavian artery

Answer 9

Radial artery

Question 10

The artery of the upper medial thigh, which is sometimes used to palpate a pulse, is the __________ artery.

femoral
popliteal
external iliac
circumflex femoral

Answer 10

femoral

Question 11

A plexus of veins visible on the back of the hand that empties into the superficial veins of the forearm is called the __________.

dorsal venous network
ventral venous network
dorsal anastamosis
ventral anastamosis

Answer 11

dorsal venous network

Question 12

The two common __________ veins unite like an upside down “Y” to form the inferior vena cava.

Answer 12

iliac

Question 13

The stem cells (angioblasts) that give rise to endothelium in a developing embryo are located in which structure of the embryo?

Heart
Bone marrow
Yolk sac
Placenta

Answer 13

Yolk sac

Question 14

Blood islands, the structures that merge to form blood vessels, consist of hemocytoblasts which give rise to __________ and angioblasts which give rise to __________.

blood cells; the endothelium of the blood vessels
the endothelium of the blood vessels; blood cells
red blood cells; white blood cells
white blood cells; red blood cells

Answer 14

blood cells; the endothelium of the blood vessels

Question 15

The connection to the placenta has to be redirected after birth. To accomplish this redirection, the ductus venosus constricts and forces blood to flow through the __________ instead of directly into the inferior vena cava.

spleen
kidney
heart
liver

Answer 15

liver

Question 16

Venous blood from the intestines flows through the liver before it flows through the heart. (T/F)

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Which of the following describes fenestrated capillaries?

They allow for rapid passage of large molecules, such as formed elements in the bone marrow.

They are found in most organs.

They are important in organs that engage in absorption or filtration.

They have no basal lamina.

They are the most common type of capillary in the body.

Answer 17

They are important in organs that engage in absorption or filtration.

Question 18

What is the function of the carotid sinuses?

They are both baroreceptors and chemoreceptors that monitor blood flow through the brain.

They are baroreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure.

They are irregular spaces in the bone marrow through which formed elements can pass.

They are dural sinuses, which drain blood that has circulated through the brain.

They are chemoreceptors that monitor blood chemistry.

Answer 18

They are baroreceptors that respond to changes in blood pressure.

Question 19

What might account for a soldier experiencing syncope after standing at attention for a long period of time?

Venous pooling
Increased heart rate
Increased respiratory rate
Vasoconstriction

Answer 19

Venous pooling

Question 20

In which capillaries are there numerous filtration pores?

Continuous

Venous

Fenestrated

Sinusoid

Answer 20

Fenestrated

Question 21

Which of the following is associated with veins but not arteries?

A tunica media with abundant elastic fibers
Continuous endothelium
Valves
Fenestrations
A tunica media with abundant smooth muscle

Answer 21

Valves

Question 22

Which of the following routes of blood flow is correct?

Heart → large vein → medium vein → venule→ capillary → arteriole → distributing artery → conducting artery → heart

Heart → venule → medium vein → large vein → capillary → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → heart

Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart

Heart → distributing artery → conducting artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → large vein → medium vein → heart

Answer 22

Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart

Question 23

The right pulmonary artery directly gives rise to which vessel?

Pulmonary vein
Middle lobar vein
Pulmonary trunk
Superior lobar artery

Answer 23

Superior lobar artery

Question 24

Which of the following vessels supplies 80% of the cerebrum with oxygenated blood?

Middle cerebral artery
Superficial temporal artery
Occipital artery
Internal carotid artery
Anterior cerebral artery

Answer 24

Internal carotid artery

Question 25

The human body has only one of which of the following vessels? Plantar arch Superior mesenteric artery Axillary artery Femoral artery Superior phrenic artery

Answer 25

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 26

Which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the distal end of the large intestine? The superior mesenteric The lumbar The internal iliac The celiac trunk The inferior mesenteric

Answer 26

The inferior mesenteric

Question 27

Which of the following best describes the cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis)? An anastomosis circling the entire cortex A short anastomosis found in the cerebellum An anastomosis surrounding the pituitary gland A portal system connecting the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary Formed by the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses

Answer 27

An anastomosis surrounding the pituitary gland

Question 28

What is the path of blood from the heart, to the left zygomaticus muscles, and back to the heart? Aorta → left common carotid artery → left external carotid artery → left facial artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava Aorta → left common carotid artery → left internal carotid artery → left maxillary artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left external jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava Aorta → left brachiocephalic artery → left common carotid artery → left internal carotid artery → left occipital artery → zygomatic tissues → left maxillary vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava Aorta → left brachiocephalic artery → left common carotid artery → left external carotid artery → left facial artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → superior vena cava

Answer 28

Aorta → left common carotid artery → left external carotid artery → left facial artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava

Question 29

Near the elbow, the brachial artery branches and gives rise to which of the following? The ulnar artery and the superior ulnar collateral artery The radial and superior ulnar collateral arteries The deep brachial and radial collateral arteries The radial and ulnar arteries The radial and anterior interosseous arteries

Answer 29

The radial and ulnar arteries

Question 30

The major deep veins of the forearm are the __________ on the medial side and the __________ on the lateral side. basilic; cephalic brachial; axillary ulnar; radial cephalic; basilic radial; ulnar

Answer 30

ulnar; radial

Question 31

A victim of a shark attack bleeds to death within minutes. Which vessel did the shark's teeth probably sever? Abdominal aorta Subclavian artery Great saphenous vein Radial artery Femoral artery

Answer 31

Femoral artery

Question 32

What is one possible path of blood from the heart to the left hallux and back to the heart? Aorta → left common iliac artery → lleft external iliac artery → left great saphenous artery → left anterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left small saphenous vein → left femoral vein → left internal iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava Aorta → left common iliac artery → left internal iliac artery → left femoral artery → left popliteal artery → left posterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left fibular vein → left popliteal vein → left internal iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava Aorta → left common iliac artery → left internal iliac artery → left small saphenous artery → left popliteal artery → left posterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left femoral vein → left internal iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava Aorta → left common iliac artery → left external iliac artery → left femoral artery → left popliteal artery → left anterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left great saphenous vein → left femoral vein → left external iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

Answer 32

Aorta → left common iliac artery → left external iliac artery → left femoral artery → left popliteal artery → left anterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left great saphenous vein → left femoral vein → left external iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

Question 33

Which of the following is not a vein of the upper limb? Great saphenous vein Basilic vein Cephalic vein Median antebrachial vein Ulnar vein

Answer 33

Great saphenous vein

Question 34

Which of the following does not increase the risk of atherosclerosis? Stress Consistent exercise A diet high in cholesterol Smoking Sedentary lifestyle

Answer 34

Consistent exercise

Question 35

What is the condition, especially noticeable in the lower limbs, that develops when veins become distended due to backflow of blood through stretched venous valves? Phlebitis Varicose veins Aneurysm Vasculitis Cardiovascular accident

Answer 35

Varicose veins

Question 36

Which of the following is a remnant of fetal circulation? Ductus arteriosus Ductus venosus Foramen ovale Ligamentum venosum Aortic sac

Answer 36

Ligamentum venosum