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Anatomy > Connect Ch. 25 > Flashcards

Connect Ch. 25 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following signs or symptoms would not be a result of renal failure?

Hyperbilirubinemia

Excess urea in the blood

Swelling of the extremities

Anemia

A

Hyperbilirubinemia

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2
Q

Which of the following is not an organ of the urinary system?

Urethra
Collecting duct
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Kidney

A

Collecting duct

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3
Q

The most abundant nitrogenous waste in the urine is __________.

A

urea

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4
Q

A major nitrogenous waste excreted by the kidneys is ___________, produced from the breakdown of proteins.

A

urea

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5
Q

Which of these is not true of the position of the kidneys in the body?

They are medial to the aorta.

They are retroperitoneal.

The right kidney is lower than the left.

They are inferior to the liver and spleen.

They lie partially within the rib cage.

A

They are medial to the aorta.

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6
Q

The right kidney is displaced slightly by the ___________, an organ located just superior to the right kidney.

liver
spleen
stomach
pancreas

A

liver

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7
Q

The openings of the two ureters and the urethra form the boundaries of a smooth area called the __________ on the floor of the urinary bladder.

A

trigone

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8
Q

The internal folds in the mucosa of the urinary bladder are called __________.

rugae
plicae
calyces
transverse ridges

A

rugae

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9
Q

The first parts of an embryonic kidney appear during the fourth week. This rudimentary kidney is called a __________.

pronephros
metanephros
mesonephros
ascendant kidney

A

pronephros

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10
Q

The ureter, renal pelvis, calyces, and collecting duct arise from an embryonic pouch called the __________ bud.

A

ureteric

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11
Q

Which of the following is/are effects of an aging urinary system? Check all that apply.

Increase in the number of nephrons
Decrease in kidney size
Increased sensitivity to ADH
Difficulty voiding urine
Possible physical damage to nephrons

A

Decrease in kidney size
Difficulty voiding urine
Possible physical damage to nephrons

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12
Q

Which of the following urinary tract disorders seems most likely to occur in someone who frequently participates in marathon runs?

Osmotic diuresis
Renal hypertension
Cystitis
Hematuria
Renal calculi

A

Hematuria

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13
Q

A kidney transplant or hemodialysis are the only two options for the treatment of __________.

renal failure
kidney stones
cystitis
nephroptosis

A

renal failure

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14
Q

What is the effect of renin?

It raises blood pressure.
It inhibits thirst.
It lowers blood pressure.
It stimulates sodium excretion.
It leads to increased urine volume.

A

It raises blood pressure.

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15
Q

The __________ is not an organ of the urinary system.

liver
urinary bladder
kidney
urethra
ureter

A

liver

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16
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Playing a role in the production of vitamin D

Regulating blood pressure

Playing a role in erythrocyte production

Secreting hormones that stimulate thirst

Regulating the pH of body fluids

A

Secreting hormones that stimulate thirst

17
Q

Which of the following is not true about the anatomy of the urinary system?

The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

The kidneys are retroperitoneal.

The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females.

The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney.

A

The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.

18
Q

Which of these is not part of the renal corpuscle?

Fenestrations
Pedicels
Afferent arteriole
Glomerular capsule
Glomerular capillaries

A

Afferent arteriole

19
Q

Which of the following correctly traces blood flow from the renal artery into the renal cortex?

Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → interlobular a.

Segmental a. → interlobar a. → arcuate a. → interlobular a.

Afferent arteriole → interlobular a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.

Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → interlobular a.

Interlobar a. → interlobular a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.

A

Segmental a. → interlobar a. → arcuate a. → interlobular a.

20
Q

Which of these is not part of a single individual nephron?

Distal convoluted tubule
Glomerulus
Nephron loop
Glomerular capsule
Collecting duct

A

Collecting duct

21
Q

What do the glomerular capsule and glomerulus together make up?

A juxtaglomerular apparatus

A nephron

A renal corpuscle

A lobule of the kidney

A lobe of the kidney

A

A renal corpuscle

22
Q

From the arcuate artery, blood then flows into which vessels?

Afferent arterioles

Cortical radiate arteries

Renal arteries

Peritubular capillaries

Interlobar arteries

A

Cortical radiate arteries

23
Q

The innermost connective tissue layer protecting the kidney and assisting in staving off infection is known as the __________.

renal medulla
hilum
perirenal fat capsule
fibrous capsule
renal fascia

A

fibrous capsule

24
Q

Which of the following best describes juxtaglomerular cells?

They are target cells for aldosterone.

They are modified smooth muscle cells found in the afferent arteriole.

They are found in the distal convoluted tubule.

They respond to parasympathetic stimulation.

They occupy the cleft between the afferent and efferent arterioles.

A

They are modified smooth muscle cells found in the afferent arteriole.

25
Q

If we trace the ureter toward the kidney, which of these structures will we come to first?

A renal pyramid

A minor calyx

A major calyx

A collecting duct

The renal pelvis

A

The renal pelvis

26
Q

Starting in the abdominal cavity and progressing dorsally, which order would you cut through the layers in order to expose the kidney?

Peritoneum, renal fascia, perirenal fat capsule, and fibrous capsule

Peritoneum, fibrous capsule, renal fascia, and perirenal fat capsule

Peritoneum, perirenal fat capsule, fibrous capsule, and renal fascia

Renal fascia, peritoneum, perirenal fat capsule, and fibrous capsule

A

Peritoneum, renal fascia, perirenal fat capsule, and fibrous capsule

27
Q

What are the three regions of the male urethra?

Prostatic, membranous, and penile

Vesicular, bulbar, and penile

Vesicular, membranous, and penile

Prostatic, vesicular, and penile

Prostatic, bulbar, and penile

A

Prostatic, membranous, and penile

28
Q

What is the accumulation of nitrogenous wastes in the blood resulting in an abnormally high concentration of urea called?

Polyuria

Glomerulonephritis

Hematuria

Azotemia

Cystitis

A

Azotemia

Anatomy (37 decks)

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