Etsey Exam #1

Question 1

The __________ cavity is the point of articulation between the scapula and humerus.

Answer 1

glenoid

Question 2

The carpal bone that articulates with the first metacarpal is the __________.

Answer 2

trapezium

Question 3

In cartilage, a cell found in a lacuna is referred to as a/an __________.

Answer 3

chondrocyte

Question 4

The left hand and right hand are __________ to each other, meaning they are on opposite sides of the body.

Answer 4

Contralateral

Question 5

The _________ gland is surrounded by the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.

Answer 5

pituitary

Question 6

The shaft of a long bone is called the __________.

Answer 6

diaphysis

Question 7

The hole that permits passage of the spinal cord through the occipital bone is the foramen __________.

Answer 7

magnum

Question 8

Tissue growth through cell multiplication is referred to as __________.

Answer 8

hyperplasia

Question 9

__________ (cells) secrete hydrochloric acid that breaks down bone and releases calcium and phosphate into the blood.

Answer 9

osteoclast

Question 10

The inferior portion of the sternum is the __________ process.

Answer 10

xiphoid

Question 11

Which cell type is not found in the epidermis?

Adipocyte
Keratinocyte
Melanocyte
Dendritic cell
Tactile cell

Answer 11

Adipocyte

Question 12

Which of the following is not a function of epithelial tissue?

It resists abrasion.

It absorbs substances.

It produces specialized secretions.

It prevents the intrusion of microbes.

It stores energy.

Answer 12

It stores energy.

Question 13

Which of the following tissues has a matrix arranged in concentric circles around a central canal that has blood vessels running through it?

Osseous tissue

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic cartilage

Dense regular connective tissue

Nervous tissue

Answer 13

Osseous tissue

Question 14

The right hand and wrist of an adult has __________ bones; whereas the right upper limb of the same adult has __________ bones.

25; 30
18; 33
27; 33
28; 32
27; 30

Answer 14

27; 30

Question 15

Which tissue would you expect to find in an area of the body that experiences friction and wear and tear?

Stratified squamous epithelium

Simple squamous epithelium

Simple columnar epithelium

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 15

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 16

The rubbery matrix of cartilage is secreted by __________, whereas _________ produce the fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of fibrous connective tissue.

mast cells; fibroblasts

adipocytes; plasma cells

osteocytes; chondroblasts

chondroblasts; plasma cells

chondroblasts; fibroblasts

Answer 16

chondroblasts; fibroblasts

Question 17

Which structures separate the cranial bones at birth and allow for limited movement of the bones relative to one another?

Sutures
Sutural bones
Cartilaginous plates
Fontanelles
Sesamoid bones

Answer 17

Fontanelles

Question 18

What do goblet cells secrete?

Glycosaminoglycans
Mucus
Fibers
Hormones
Antibodies

Answer 18

Mucus

Question 19

Looking at a slide of thick skin under the microscope, you note that the stratum basale is the __________ layer of the epidermis in from the surface.

fourth
second
third
first
fifth

Answer 19

fifth

Question 20

The process of dissolving bone and returning its minerals to the bloodstream is known as _________.

crystallization
resorption
mineral deposition
mineralization
ossification

Answer 20

resorption

Question 21

A child falls and breaks his humerus, the upper arm bone, along the epiphysial plate. Which of the following could result from this injury?

As an adult, red marrow will persist in the medullary cavity of the humerus.

As an adult this person will have one humerus longer than the other.

As an adult, the diaphysis of the broken humerus will be much smaller than that of the unbroken one.

Blood cell production will decrease dramatically in the injured bone.

Answer 21

As an adult this person will have one humerus longer than the other.

Question 22

Which of the following tissues are avascular?

Muscle tissue and cartilage

Bone and cartilage

Nervous tissue and bone

Nervous tissue and muscle tissue

Epithelial tissue and cartilage

Answer 22

Epithelial tissue and cartilage

Question 23

The urinary bladder is located in the __________ abdominopelvic region.

umbilical
hypogastric
epigastric
inguinal
hypochondriac

Answer 23

hypogastric

Question 24

A nine-year-old boy falls off his bike and lands on his hand, breaking the lateral bone of his antebrachium. Which bone did he break?

His carpal
His humerus
His metacarpal
His ulna
His radius

Answer 24

His radius

Question 25

Which one of the following descriptions is not part of being in anatomical position? Face and eyes facing forward Standing erect Palms facing posteriorly Arms at sides Feet flat on the floor

Answer 25

Palms facing posteriorly

Question 26

Feeling structures with your fingertips is called __________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for the sounds of abnormalities is called __________. palpation; percussion percussion; auscultation percussion; palpation palpation; auscultation auscultation; percussion

Answer 26

palpation; percussion

Question 27

You find an animal bone while hiking. It is nearly equal in length and width. How would you classify it? As a tibia As an irregular bone As a short bone As a long bone As a flat bone

Answer 27

As a short bone

Question 28

In which of the following skin layers would a subcutaneous injection be administered? Stratum spinosum Stratum basale Hypodermis Stratum corneum Dermis

Answer 28

Hypodermis

Question 29

If a thyroid tumor secreted an excessive amount of calcitonin, which of the following would we expect to see? Increasingly brittle bones An elevated level of osteoblast activity An elevated level of osteoclast activity A reduced rate of endochondral ossification A rise in blood calcium concentration

Answer 29

An elevated level of osteoblast activity

Question 30

The reticular layer of the dermis consists of what kind of tissue? Stratified squamous epithelium Dense irregular connective tissue Reticular connective tissue Areolar connective tissue Dense regular connective tissue

Answer 30

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 31

When you wiggle the tip of your nose with your fingers, the flexibility of the nose is due to the presence of which tissue? Fibrocartilage Areolar connective tissue Reticular connective tissue Elastic cartilage Hyaline cartilage

Answer 31

Elastic cartilage

Question 32

Why does an adult not have as many bones as a child? Many bones are replaced by cartilage with age. Osteoporosis leads to bone loss with age. Some separate bones gradually fuse with age. Osteoclast activity overcomes osteoblast activity with age. Bones are reabsorbed with age.

Answer 32

Some separate bones gradually fuse with age.

Question 33

After six months of lifting weights at the gym, you notice that some of your muscles have increased in size. This increase in size is due to __________ of muscle cells. neoplasia hyperplasia atrophy metaplasia hypertrophy

Answer 33

hypertrophy

Question 34

Which of the following would decrease bone deposition by osteoblasts? Estrogen Parathyroid hormone Calcitonin Testosterone Growth hormone

Answer 34

Parathyroid hormone

Question 35

Where does blood cell formation typically occur in a bone? The yellow bone marrow The epiphysial plate The red bone marrow The gelatinous bone marrow The articular cartilage

Answer 35

The red bone marrow

Question 36

Which bone is in the distal row of carpals? Triquetrum Scaphoid Trapezoid Pisiform Lunate

Answer 36

Scaphoid

Question 37

Nervous tissue consists predominantly of two cell types, neurons and __________. adipocytes neurocytes fibroblasts chondrocytes neuroglia

Answer 37

neuroglia

Question 38

Abnormal skin color or dryness could be one piece of diagnostic information gained by auscultation. (T/F)

Answer 38

false

Question 39

The duct of an endocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface. (T/F)

Answer 39

false

Question 40

The skin carries out the first step in the synthesis of vitamin D. (T/F)

Answer 40

true

Question 41

The coxal joint is a ball-and-socket joint, in which the head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula. (T/F)

Answer 41

false

Question 42

When the abdomen is divided into nine regions, the superior horizontal line is called the midclavicular line. (T/F)

Answer 42

false

Question 43

Osteogenic cells are bone stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts and osteoclasts. (T/F)

Answer 43

false

Question 44

The deeper of the two layers of the skin is the hypodermis. (T/F)

Answer 44

false

Question 45

It would be possible to see both eyes in a single frontal section of the head. (T/F)

Answer 45

true

Question 46

A radiograph (X-ray) of a child's hand will show epiphysial lines. (T/F)

Answer 46

false

Question 47

Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs. (T/F)

Answer 47

true

Question 48

In anatomical position, the forearm is supinated. (T/F)

Answer 48

true

Question 49

Melanin, hemoglobin, and carotene give color to the skin. (T/F)

Answer 49

true

Question 50

After epiphyseal plates close in early adulthood, a synostosis remains between the epiphysis and diaphysis. (T/F)

Answer 50

true