enzymes

Question 1

list the 4 types of chemical reaction that enzymes catalyse

Answer 1

• condensation reactions
• hydrolysis reactions
• cellular respiration
• digestion

Question 2

why are proteins highly specific

Answer 2

due to their tertiary structure

Question 3

what are the 2 groups of enzymes

Answer 3

• intracellular (inside) enzymes
• extracellular (outside) enzymes

Question 4

name one reaction that extracellular enzymes catalyse

Answer 4

digestion

Question 5

name one reaction that intracellular enzymes catalyse

Answer 5

respiration

Question 6

define enzyme

Answer 6

a biological catalyst that lowers activation energy and increases rate of reaction without being used up

Question 7

define activation energy

Answer 7

the energy that is needed to be supplied before a chemical reaction so it can start

Question 8

explain the importance of enzymes in mammals

Answer 8

the temperature of body cells in mammals is too low for chemical reactions to occur. So enzymes allow the cells to have a low activation energy whilst still being able to carry out the reactions

Question 9

how do enzymes increase the rate of reaction in condensation reactions

Answer 9

• in condensation reactions inside the active site the molecules are physically held together, allowing new chemical bonds to be formed more easily
  because molecules are physically held together therefore there is less repulsion between molecules so the activation energy is reduced

Question 10

how do enzymes increase the rate of reaction in hydrolysis reactions

Answer 10

in hydrolysis reactions (breaking bonds) inside the active site, strain is put on the chemical bonds in the substrate molecules meaning bonds are more easily broken therefore activation energy is reduced