eukaryotic cells Flashcards
name the materials a algal cell wall is made up of
cellulose or glycoproteins (or both)
name the materials a fungal cell wall is made up of
chitin, glycan and glycoproteins
what is the function of the cell surface membrane
control what enters/leaves the cell
what is the function of the mitochondrion
the site of atp and aerobic respiration which releases energy
what is the function of DNA
encodes for the majority of the genome of eukaryotes
what is the function of the nuclear envelope
double membrane around the nucleus that controls the entry/exit of materials in/out of the nucleus
what is the function of the nucleolus
produces ribosomes and ribosomal RNA
what is the function of nuclear pores
allows the passage of large molecules (e.g: MRNA) out of the nucleus
what is the function of the ribosomes
site of protein sythensis
what is the function of the cytoplasm
the gel like fluid in a cell where chemical reactions take place
what is the function of vesicles
help move materials such as proteins from 1 part of a cell to another
what is the function of the golgi appartus
transport, modify, pack proteins/lipids into vesicles for delivery in target destinations
what is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
- provide a large surface area for the synthesis of proteins and glycoproteins
- provide a pathway for the transport of material, especially proteins throughout the cell
what is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
sysnthesise, store, transport lipids and carbohydrates
what is the function of lysosomes
- hydrolyse material ingested by phagocytic cells
- release enzymes to destroy material around the cell
- digest worn out organelles
what is the function of the cristae
extensions of the inner membrane of the mitochondria that provide a large surface area for the attachment of enzymes and other proteins
what is the function of the matrix
contains proteins, lipids, ribosomes and DNA that allow some mitochondria to control the production of their own proteins
what is the function of the thylakoid
contains the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll
what is the function of the grana (singular: granum)
1st stage of photosynthesis takes place here (light absorbption)
what is the function of the stroma
2nd stage of photosynthesis takes place here (synthesis of sugars)
What is the function of the tonoplast
Membrane that surrounds the vacuole
What is cell sap made up out of
Salt, sugar, amino acids
What does the chloroplast envelope do
The double plasma membrane that surrounds the organelle
what is the function of the mitochondria
produces ATP for protein synthesis
what is the function of ribsomes
protein synthesis
