classification and phylogeny

Question 1

how do you use the binomial system to name organisms

Answer 1

first name is genus
second name is species

Question 2

what are the advantages of the binomial system

Answer 2

+ universal
+ shows how closely related organisms are

Question 3

list 4 reasons why different species look similar

Answer 3

1. live on similar environments
2. have the same selection pressures
3. similar alleles have the selection advantage
4. produces similar proteins therefore they have similar characteristics

Question 4

define hierachy

Answer 4

smaller groups are arranged in larger groups with no overlap between the groups

Question 5

what are the stages of the classification sytem

Answer 5

domain

kingdom

phylum

class

order

family

genus

species

Question 6

why do we need a way to organise organisms

Answer 6

• understand relationships between organisms and keep track of changes
• the system needs to be universal so data can be kept on organisms globally

Question 7

before the classification system what were organisms organised by

Answer 7

visible similarities

Question 8

explain how organisms are organised in a phylogenetic classification system

Answer 8

arranges species into groups according to their evolutionary origins and relations

Question 9

what does a phylogenic tree show

Answer 9

how closely related organisms are due to their distance from each other and shows how all those organisms have evolved from a common ancestor