Energy use, diet, nutrition and hydration Flashcards
What do calories do?
Provide energy
Why do our bodies need energy for?
Growth, repair, development and movement
What is energy measured in
Kcal
What happens if we do not use the calories we eat?
If calorie consumption is greater than energy expenditure the body gains weight as the calories are stored in the body
How much should the average male eat a day?
2500 kcal
How much should an average female eat every day?
2000 kcal
What are the five aspects that affect the calorie intake per day?
- age
- gender
- height
- exercise
- metabolic rate
What is a balanced diet?
Eating the right amount of calories while consuming nutrients vitamins and minerals
What are minerals?
Inorganic substances which assist the body with many of its functions
What are vitamins?
Organic substances that are required for many essential processes in the body
What do high fibre foods help?
- prevent constipation
- help reduce blood cholesterol
What do dairy products provide?
- calcium which is good for nerve and muscle function as well as teeth and bone growth
What does iron provide?
Production of red blood cells
What does vitamin A provide?
Helps for skin production and growth
What does vitamin D provide?
Helps bones
What does vitamin C provide?
It aids the immune system
What does vitamin B provide?
Helps with the function of the body
What should a balanced diet contain?
A mixture of carbohydrates proteins and fats. It should also include green vegetables and fruit to provide nutrients vitamins and minerals
Why do we need a balanced diet?
- unused energy is stored as fat which could cause obesity
- we need energy to be able to exercise
- The human body needs nutrients for energy growth and hydration
What is the recommended percentage of carbohydrates?
55-60%
What is the recommended percentage of fat?
20-30%
What is the recommended percentage of protein?
15-20%
Why do we need carbohydrates?
Glucose is used to create energy
Why do we need fats?
- fats help to carry vitamins in the body
