ENERGY 2

Question 1

what’s thyroxine

Answer 1

the metabolic hormone that is the most important factor in determining BMR

Question 2

what cells does thryozne not impact

Answer 2

bran

Question 3

how does thyroxine increase O2 consumption and heat production

Answer 3

by accelerating the use of ATP to operate the Na-K pump

Question 4

whats thermoregulation

Answer 4

Ability to maintain core body temperature in homeostasis

Question 5

what is body heat generated by at rest

Answer 5

liver, heart, brain, kidneys, endocrine organs

Question 6

what is body heat generated by during movement

Answer 6

skeletal muscle

Question 7

whats radiation

Answer 7

the loss of heat in the form of infrared waves (50% of heat loss)

Question 8

whats conduction

Answer 8

transfer of heat between two objects in direct contact

Question 9

whats convection

Answer 9

warm air expands and rises and cool air falls

Question 10

whats convection enhanced by

Answer 10

warm air

Question 11

whats evaporation

Answer 11

water molecules absorb heat → turns to gas

Question 12

how much of evaporation is insensible heat loss

Answer 12

around 10%

Question 13

what does the hypothalamus receive input from for body temp regulation

Answer 13

 Central thermoreceptors (core)
 Peripheral thermoreceptors (skin)

Question 14

which is more influential

Answer 14

central thermoreceptors (core)

Question 15

which is used to anticipate changes needed

Answer 15

peripheral thermoreceptors (skin)

Question 16

what does the hypothalamus initiate

Answer 16

heat-loss or heat-promoting activities

Question 17

what are four heat promoting mechanisms

Answer 17

 Cutaneous blood vessel constriction
 Shivering
 Increased metabolic rate (NE/E release)
⁎ Mainly in infants
 Thyroxine release
⁎ Only in infants

Question 18

what are two heat loss mechanisms

Answer 18

Cutaneous blood vessel dilation
 Enhanced sweating

Question 19

does enhanced sweating work in high humidity

Answer 19

no

Question 20

is exercising with or without a shirt better in a dry environment

Answer 20

in a dry environment, shirt is better for cool down bc better evaporation etc

Question 21

whats hyperthermia

Answer 21

Elevated body temp above 105°F (~41°C)
 Heat-control mechanisms are not effective

Question 22

what is considered controlled hyperthermia

Answer 22

fever

Question 23

whats heat stroke

Answer 23

extended form of heat exhaustion; the body has given up and organ damage is possible

Question 24

whats heat exhaustion

Answer 24

Heat exhaustion: dehydrated state, precursor to heat stroke

Question 25

whats hypothermia

Answer 25

Lowered body temperatures
 Shivering stops at 87 – 90°F (30 – 32°C)

Question 26

what happens below 70 C / 21 F

Answer 26

coma / death