Effects of microbe on body

Question 1

What is a prebiotic made up of?

Answer 1

healthy flora

Question 2

What is a probiotic made up of?

Answer 2

live microbial additions

Question 3

What is the most common strain of probiotic?

Answer 3

lactobacillus and bifidobacterium

Question 4

Common foods with probiotics in them?

Answer 4

yogurt, dairy

Question 5

What trait does an effective probiotic have?

Answer 5

has to be able to withstand upper gastro. tract and low ph

Question 6

What noninfectious disorders or condition’s do probiotics support?

Answer 6

-constipation
-IBS (irritable bowel syndrome)
-IBD (inflammatory bowel syndrome)

Question 7

What infectious diseases or conditions do probiotics support?

Answer 7

-diarrhea

Question 8

What are the common targets (within the body) for prebiotics?

Answer 8

-bifidobacterium
-lactobacillus
-aim to support gut health

Question 9

Main types of prebiotics?

Answer 9

-fructooligosaccharides
-galactooligosacchardies
-lactulose

Question 10

What food is fructooligossachardies found in?

Answer 10

-found in onion, garlic, tomato, wheat

Question 11

What food is galactooligosaccharides found in?

Answer 11

-fermented milk

Question 12

What food is lactulose found in?

Answer 12

-lactose

Question 13

What role does bifobacteria have on carbohydrates?

Answer 13

ferment dietary fiber to short chain fatty acids

Question 14

What is the role of bifodobacteria?

Answer 14

-reduce pathogenic load
-50% of intestinal microflora

Question 15

What role does lactobacilli have on carbohydrates?

Answer 15

-turn dietary fiber to lactic acid and short chain fatty acids

Question 16

What is saccharomuyces boulardii?

Answer 16

yeast

Question 17

What is the role of lactobacilli?

Answer 17

-reduce pathogenic load
-GALT production
-secretion of SIgA

Question 18

What is the role of yeast?

Answer 18

-GALT production
-secretion SIgA
-support brush border enzymes

Question 19

What are the common short chain fatty acids, which are fermentable dietary fibers?

Answer 19

acetate, propinate and butrayte

Question 20

What metabolizes butyrate?

Answer 20

acetyl coach within the colonocytes

Question 21

What are common dietary and medical practices that disturb the colon?

Answer 21

-low fiber
-high starch
-low glutamine

Question 22

What is the definition for prebiotics?

Answer 22

non-digestible fermentable carbohydrates that encourage beneficial change in the hosts microbial balance

Question 23

Define probiotics?

Answer 23

oral dietary supplements containing live microbes that benefit host

Question 24

Where is bifidobacteria found in?

Answer 24

human breast milk

Question 25

Fermentation of dietary fibers in the colon results in?

Answer 25

production of short chain fatty acids

Question 26

What is the primary energy source for colonocytes?

Answer 26

acteyl coa

Question 27

What happens if the body is low in butyrate?

Answer 27

-decrease in tight junction function -decrease in acetyl coa -decrease in dietary fiber metabolism -mimic auto-immune diseases

Question 28

In relation to the colon, what does a low fiber diet cause?

Answer 28

-alkalization within colon (decrease acid) -increase water uptake by coloncytes -increase carcinogen exposure -increase stool hardness and constipation

Question 29

What does the nervous system release in the presence of food?

Answer 29

acetylcholine