EDTO/ETOPS

Question 1

What is the difference between EDTO and ETOPS?

Answer 1

ETOPS applies only to twin engine aircraft while EDTO applies to all aircrafts

Question 2

What does “EDTO” stand for?

Answer 2

Extended Diversion Time Operation

Question 3

What year did ETOPS officially start?

Answer 3

1985

Question 4

When is EDTO rules active?

Answer 4

From brake release

Question 5

What is the definition of an EDTO segment?

Answer 5

Flights conducted more than the Rule Distance (456 nm) from an adequate airport
Rule Distance for twins are 60 min converted to time

Question 6

Define “Adequate Airport”?

Answer 6

Sufficient:
LDA
ATC
Lighting
Wx reporting
1 nav aid or RNAV
RFF services

Question 7

When is “Rule Time” used and when is “Rule Distance” used?

Answer 7

Rule Time is used for planning while Rule Distance is used for in-flight operational use

Question 8

What Rule Time is the B777-300ER certified for?

Answer 8

60 min
120 min
180 min
207 min

Question 9

What is the Rule Distances for the respective Rule Times?

Answer 9

60 min = 456 nm
120 min = 880 nm
180 min = 1327 nm
207 min = 1524 nm

Question 10

What speed is used to calculate Rule Distances?

Answer 10

MMO/VMO -10 kts

Question 11

What is needed to nominate an airport as an EDTO ERA?

Answer 11

Has to be an Adequate airport with Wx reports saying that the weather is above alternate landing minima and below crosswind limitations at the intended time of operation
The EDTO ERA also has to have ATC service and at least one instrument approach procedure

Question 12

What kind of MELs can affect EDTO capability?

Answer 12

PADD:s

Question 13

What do you have to check prior to entering an EDTO segment?

Answer 13

Check weather at ERA:s
Check crosswind limits

Question 14

What do you do if the weather at an ERA goes below minima prior to entering an EDTO segment?

Answer 14

Select another alternate airport
If that is not possible you may not enter the EDTO segment

Question 15

What is your action if an ERA becomes unavailable when within an EDTO segment?

Answer 15

Try to select another alternate to support the route segment. Normally remain on planned route and find the nearest suitable ERA along the route, could be previous or next one.

Question 16

On the CFP, what does the following ETDO codes mean?
nnnETOPE
nnnETOPD
nnnEDTO
nnnETOPx

Answer 16

nnnETOPE = 180ETOPE = One engine depressurised
nnnETOPD = 180ETOPD = All engines depressurised
nnnEDTO = All engines
nnnETOPx = 180ETOP2 = Additional percentage in critical fuel for a MEL requirement

Question 17

On the CFP EDTO Sector Fuel Summary, what does the Fuel required figure mean?

Answer 17

Fuel required for normal operation up to the specified CP, suffer a failure, descend and then divert to either of the selected airports

Question 18

On the CFP EDTO Sector Fuel Summary, what does the DIV fuel figure mean?

Answer 18

Fuel required from the EDTO CP to:
- Cruise to the ERA with 5% contingency fuel included
- Make an approach and landing
- Additional fuel for severe icing and APU burn-off
- Land with 15 min of reserve fuel

Question 19

In what 3 ways can an EDTO verification flight be done?

Answer 19

1. A non-EDTO flight, may be normal revenue flight
2. Non revenue flight such as a test- or ferry flight
3. Initial segment of an EDTO flight but prior to entering any EDTO segment.
   The initial segment must be minimum 90 min after departure and prior to the EDTO entry point.

Question 20

How do you know that an EDTO verification flight is needed?

Answer 20

The words “EDTO Verification Flight Required” will be entered in the AML

Question 21

What is to be done when the 90min verification time has elapsed?

Answer 21

Contact Maintenance Control via ACARS

Question 22

What shall the PIC do after a EDTO verification flight is completed?

Answer 22

Write in AML “EDTO verification flight completed - Satisfactory”
Engineering will clear the PADD based on this statement

Question 23

What are your considerations planning wise for a verification flight?

Answer 23

Have a second CFP which is non-EDTO and have sufficient fuel for that second CFP