Developmental Psychology: Temperament

Question 1

Temperament

Answer 1

The central aspect of an individual’s personality

Question 2

Core Concepts with Temperament

Answer 2

Activity Level
Negative Emotionality
Sociability

Question 3

Thomas & Chess

Answer 3

Conducted a longitudinal study to examine temperament by proposing 3 categories of infant’s emotional and behavioral styles.

Question 4

“Easy” Infant

Answer 4

A category of Thomas & Chess’ study where infant display a positive mood, regular bodily function and easy adaptation to new situations.

Question 5

“Slow to Warm up” infant

Answer 5

A category of Thomas & Chess’ study where infant initially withdraw but are able to adapt to new situations.

Question 6

“Difficult” Infant

Answer 6

A category of Thomas & Chess’ study where infant display negative emotions, irregular bodily functions and withdraw from new situations.

Question 7

Research Methods for Temperament

Answer 7

1. Parental reports of child behavior
2. Observation in naturalistic settings
3. Observations in laboratory settings

Question 8

Parental Reports of Child Behavior

Answer 8

A research method for temperament where information is coming from someone who is knowledgeable about their infants but can be bias

Question 9

Observation in naturalistic settings

Answer 9

A research method for temperament where information is more objective but time-consuming

Question 10

Observation in laboratory settings

Answer 10

A research method for temperament where information can be measurable under controlled conditions but information is based on artificial conditions.

Question 11

Jerome Kagan

Answer 11

Conducted a longitudinal study on human temperament in children from infancy to adolescence. He concluded that temperament is a strong predictor of adult behaviors.