Dermatology #3 Flashcards
Erythema Nodosum is
Panniculitis (inflammation of the fat layer below the skin)
Causes of erythema nodosum
- Infections (Strep, TB, Coccidiodomycosis)
- Sarcoidosis
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Estrogen exposure (OCP, pregnancy)
Describe erythema nodosum
- Painful, erythematous inflammatory nodules seen on anterior shins, usually bilateral
- May also occur in other parts of the body
What are cherry angiomas due to?
Abnormal mature capillary proliferation
What two mutations have been seen in increased frequency in those with cherry angiomas?
GNAQ & GNA11
If a cherry angioma is cosmetically unappealing, what treatment can you use?
- Electrocautery after 1% lidocaine for anesthesia
- Shave excision of the base for larger lesions
What is a lipoma?
- Most common benign soft-tissue neoplasm
- Soft, painless subcutaneous nodule that are easily mobile
- No treatment needed unless rapidly enlarging, then can excise
Hidradenitis Suppurativa MC affects
the axillae, but can also affect perianal, groin, inframammary regions, and apocrine-rich areas
Pathophysiology of hidradenitis suppurativa
-Chronic follicular hair follicle obstruction
Conservative Management of hidradenitis Suppurativa
- Dietary changes (avoid high glycemic foods)
- Smoking cessation
- Eliminate irritants (tight fitting clothing, harsh cleaning products)
Medical management of hidradenitis suppurativa
- Topical Clindamycin (first line)
- Painful abscess: incision and drainage
Melasma (Chloasma) is hyperpigmentation of sun exposed areas of the skin. What are some risk factors for this condition?
- Increased estrogen exposure (OCPs, pregnancy)
- Sun exposure
- Family history
- Darker complexions
Treatment for melasma
- Sun protection
- Triple therapy often used (Fluocinolone acetonide + Hydroquinone + Tretinoin)
