Cranial Nerves Exam 3 Flashcards
The cranial nerves are part of the (what system)
PNS
How many pairs of cranial nerves
12
Some cranial nerves have what kind of function…
Sensory, motor, or both
Most cranial nerves originate from the
Brain stem
The first two pairs of cranial nerves originate from
The prosencephalon
Cranial nerves are designated by
Name and Roman numeral
CN 1, II, and III
Olfactory, optic, oculomotor
CN IV, CN V, CN VI
Trochlear, trigeminal, abducens
CN VII
Facial
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
CN X
Vagus
CN XI
Accessory Nerve
Last nerve, CN XII
Hypoglossal nerve
What nerves have only sensory functions
Olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear
What cranial nerves have only motor functions
Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, accessory, hypoglossal
What cranial nerves have both sensory and motor functions
Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus
Openings for CN I
Olfactory foramina
Opening of CN II
Optic canal
Opening for CN III and CN IV
Superior orbital fissure
What nerve has three openings
Trigeminal nerve
Three openings of trigeminal nerve
Superior orbital fissure, foremen rotundum, and foremen ovale
Opening of nerve VII and VIII
Internal auditory meatus
Opening for cranial nerve IX, X, and XI
Jugular foremen
Opening for CN XII
Hypoglossal foremen
Function of olfactory nerve and pathway
Smell
Cribriform plate of ethmoid, olfactory foramen
Function of the optic nerve
Pathway?
F: Vision from retina
P: Optic canal/ foremen
The X shaped structure with the optic nerve
Optic chiasm
Some information of the eyes crosses to the opposite side via…
Optic chiasm
Function of the oculomotor nerve
Somatic Motor to most muscles that move eye and parasympathetic to smooth muscle (pupil and lens)
Pathway through the skull: superior orbital fissure
What nerves?
Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens
Function of trochlear nerve and abducens nerve
Trochlear: somatic Motor to superior oblique
Abducens; somatic motor to lateral rectus
Trochlea means
Pulling
Levator palpebrae superioris function
Pulls up on upper eyelid
The lateral rectus muscle of the eye is located
Outer region
The medial rectus muscle of the eye is located
Inner part of eye
Movements of the eye: inferior oblique
Up and out
Movements of the eye: lateral rectus
Outward
Movements of the eye: superior oblique
Down and out
Movements of the eye: superior rectus
Up and in
Movements of the eye: medial rectus
Inward
Movements of the eye: inferior rectus
Down and in
What are the muscles of the eye
Inferior oblique, superior oblique, lateral rectus, medial rectus, superior rectus, and inferior rectus
What nerve controls the lateral rectus
Abducens VI Nerve
What nerve controls the superior oblique eye muscle
Trochlear nerve IV
What nerve controls inferior oblique muscle, superior rectus, medial rectus, and inferior rectus of eye
Oculomotor III
Three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (V)
Ophthalmic, Maxillary, and mandibular division
Function of the Opthalamic division
Sensation from skin to face, cornea and paranasal sinuses
Pathway through skull of the ophthalmic division
Superior orbital fissure
Function of the maxillary division
Sensation from skin of the face, upper teeth and paranasal sinuses
Pathway through skull of maxillary division
Foremen rotundum
Function of mandibular division (V3)
Sensation from skin of face, lower teeth and tongue, motor to muscles of mastication
Pathway through skull of mandibular division
Foremen ovale
Function of facial nerve (VII)
Somatic Motor to muscles of facial expression, visceral motor tear gland, salivary glands, and taste from tongue
Pathway through skull of facial nerve
Internal auditory meatus
Function of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
Hearing and balance
Pathway through skull of the vestibulocochlear nerve
internal auditory meatus
Glossopharyngeal nerve function (IX)
Motor to parotid gland, general sensation (touch) and taste from tongue
Glossopharyngeal nerve pathway through nerve (1/3)
Front of tongue, Jugular foramen
Sensation of tongue, (1/2) General sensation and taste comes from
CN IX glossopharyngeal, front of tongue
General sensation of tongue (2/3) comes from
Front of tongue, mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
Taste of tongue (2/3) comes from
Facial nerve
Functions of vagus nerve (X)
Speaking, swallowing, somatic motor to heart, bronchi and muscles of digestive tract, and sensation from larynx and pharynx
Pathway through the skull of vagus nerve
Jugular foramen
Function of accessory nerve (XI)
Motor to trapezius and sternocleomastoid
Pathway through the skull of accessory nerve (XI)
Jugular foramen
Hypoglossal nerve function (XII)
Somatic Motor to muscles of tongue
Pathway through skull of hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal foramen