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Anatomy > Anatomy Basics > Flashcards

Anatomy Basics Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the structure of the body with the unaided eye

A

Gross anatomy

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2
Q

The study of cells and tissues (microscopic)

A

Histology

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3
Q

Embryology

A

Study of development ( gametes, fertilization, embryo, fetus)

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4
Q

Structural organization of the body

A

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organismal level

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5
Q

Chemical level

A

Atoms and molecules

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6
Q

Cellular level

A

Cells and their components

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7
Q

Tissue level

A

An assemble of similar cells that carry out a specific function

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8
Q

A collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function

A

Organ level

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9
Q

A contiguous living system, capable of responding to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development

A

Organismal level

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10
Q

Characteristics of living things

A

OMG/DRARR

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11
Q

Complex, yet organized, components

A

Organization

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12
Q

Break down and utilize nutrients and generate waste

A

Metabolism

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13
Q

Maturation of an organism

A

Growth and development

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14
Q

Organisms must be able to perceive and respond to changes in their environment

A

Responsiveness

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15
Q

Organisms must be able to change functionally and structurally

A

Adaptation

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16
Q

Organisms must be able to keep a stable internal environment

A

Regulation

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17
Q

Organisms produce sex cells to give rise to new organisms

A

Reproduction

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18
Q

A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions

A

Organ system

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19
Q

Major organ systems…

A

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, endocrine

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20
Q

Functions of the integumentary system…

A

Protection, regulates body temperature, contains sensory receptors, synthesizes vitamin D, prevents water loss

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21
Q

Functions of the skeletal system

A

Support and protection, site of hemopoiesis and muscle attachment, stores calcium and phosphorus

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22
Q

Functions of the muscular system

A

Produces body movement and generates heat

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23
Q

Functions of the nervous system

A

Response to sensory stimuli, activates muscles and glands, controls other systems, responsible for consciousness, intelligence, and memory

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24
Q

Functions of cardiovascular system…

A

Moves blood, distributes hormones/nutrients/ and gases to tissues, picks up waste products from tissues

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25
Q

Functions of lymphatic system

A

Transports and filters lymph, initiates immune response

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26
Q

Functions of respiratory system…

A

Air into body, gas exchange between lungs and bloodstream, allows for vocalization

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27
Q

Functions of digestive system

A

Digests food, absorbs nutrients, expels waste

28
Q

Functions of urinary system

A

Filters blood to remove waste products and maintains homeostasis

29
Q

Function of reproductive system

A

Produces gametes and sex hormones, provides environment for embryo growth

30
Q

Endocrine system functions

A

Cells and glands that produce hormones which regulate various bodily functions

31
Q

Anatomical position…

A

Standing upright, feet together
Head up
Arms down and palms forward

32
Q

Person lying down face up

A

Supine

33
Q

Person lying down with face down

A

Prone

34
Q

Superior

A

Up toward the head

35
Q

Down toward the feet

A

Inferior

36
Q

Anterior or ventral

A

Toward front of body

37
Q

Posterior or dorsal

A

Toward back of the body

38
Q

Medial

A

Toward the center

39
Q

Away from the midline of the body

A

Lateral

40
Q

Toward an attached base

A

Proximal

41
Q

Away from an attached base

A

Distal

42
Q

Closer to the outer surface of a structure

A

Superficial

43
Q

Closer to the inner core of a structure

A

Deep

44
Q

On the same side

A

Ipsilateral

45
Q

Contra lateral

A

On opposite side

46
Q

Cephalic

A

The head

47
Q

Cervical

A

The neck

48
Q

Orbital

A

The eye

49
Q

Oral

A

The mouth

50
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek

51
Q

Thoracic

A

Upper trunk

52
Q

Abdominal

A

Lower trunk

53
Q

Axillary

A

Arm pit

54
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

55
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

56
Q

Palmar

A

Palm

57
Q

Digits

A

Fingers and toes

58
Q

Inguinal

A

Groin

59
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

60
Q

Crural

A

Leg

61
Q

Plantar

A

Sole

62
Q

A plane that divides the body into left and right parts

A

Sagittal

63
Q

A plane that divides the body into equal right and left parts

A

Midsagittal/median

64
Q

A plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

A

Coronal/frontal

65
Q

A plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts

A

Transverse/horizontal

Anatomy (25 decks)

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