Axial Muscles (2) Flashcards
Orbicularis oculi
Closes the eye
Frontalis
Wrinkles skin of forehead
Procerus
Wrinkles skin in bridge of nose
Orbicularis Oris
Purses lips
Levator labii superioris
Raises upper lip
Zygomaticus major
Raises corner of mouth
Zygomaticus minor
Helps raise the upper lips
Depressor labii inferioris
Depresses lower lip
Depressor anguli oris
Depresses corner of the mouth
Mentalis
Curls lower lip
Buccinator
Tenses cheeks
Platysma
Tenses skin of neck
Movements of the mandible include…
Elevation - raise mandible/close mouth
Depression- open mouth/ lower mandible
Protraction- move mandible anteriorly
Retraction-move mandible posteriorly
Muscles of mastication are…
Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid
What is the temporalis?
Orgin- temporal fossa (side of skull)
Insertion- coronoid process of mandible
Function- elevates/retracts mandible
What’s the masseter?
Orgin- zygomatic arch
Insertion- lateral surface of mandible/angle
Function- elevates mandible
What’s the medial pterygoid?
Orgin- lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion- angle of mandible
Function- elevates mandible
Lateral ptyeroid orgin, insertion, and function
Orgin- lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion- neck of mandibular condyle
Action- protracts mandible
What muscles elevate the mandible and protract mandible?
Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid
protracts - lateral pterygoid
How many phases are in swallowing
3
Phase one of swallowing?
Tongue presses food against palate
Phase two of swallowing?
Larynx and pharynx elevate and receive food
Larynx
Voice box
Pharynx
Throat
Phase 3 of swallowing?
Larynx and pharynx lower again to re-set the position and move food into the esophagus
Muscles of the neck include….
Sternocleomastoid, sternohyoid, sternotyroid, digastric, and mylohyoid
Smiling without teeth
Zygomaticus major
Duck face
Orbicularis oris
Do the teeth show in the depressor anguli
No
Sad face, puffing out lower lip
Mentalis
Mastication means
Chewing
What muscle in the neck isn’t involved in swallowing
Sternocleomastoid
Platsyma means
Flat
What shows the teeth
Zygomaticus minor
What two bones are attached, work together?
Hyoid bone and larynx
What muscle in the face shows the lower teeth
Depressor labii inferioris
The depressor labii inferioris is covered by the…
Depressor anguli oris
The buccinator is deep or superficial
Deep
One part attaches to the lip and the other part comes to the skin of the chin
Mentalis
In the temporalis, the muscles are pulled back by the
Cornoid process
The temporalis has a _ that helps chew
Tendon
What muscles of mastication are underneath, ramus?
Medial and lateral pterygoid
The lateral pterygoid functions
Opens mouth, angled towards TMJ
T or F the larynx and pharynx work together
T
What’s the sternocleomastoid?
Orgin- sternum and clavicle
Insertion- mastoid process of temporal bone
Action- ipsilaterally side bends the neck and contrallaterally rotates head.
What do the actions of the sternocleomastoid mean
can bend on the same side with the muscle and can turn head opposite of the muscle
What muscles are involved in step two of swallowing
Digastric and mylohyoid
What muscles are involved in step three of swallowing
Sternohyoid and sternotyroid
What’s the sternohyoid?
Orgin- sternum
Insertion-hyoid bone
Action- pulls down hyoid bone during swallowing
What’s the sternotyroid?
Orgin- sternum
Insertion- thyroid cartilage of larynx
Action- pulls down larynx during swallowing
What muscles are above the hyoid bone
Digastric and mylohyoid
What’s the digastric muscle?
Orgin- mastoid process
Insertion- mandible (with an intermediate tendon)
Action- elevates hyoid bone during swallowing
What does mylo mean in mylohyoid?
Molar
What’s the mylohyoid muscle?
Orgin- inner surface of mandible body (by back molars)
Insertion- hyoid bone
Orgin- elevates hyoid bone during swallowing
How many orgins of the sternocleomastoid
Two
Sternothyroid is deep underneath the…
Sternohyoid
Thyroid is always known as…
Adams apple
What makes up the transversospinalis muscle group?
Semispinalis capitis and the multifidus
What is the orgin, insertion, and action of the semispinalis capitis?
Orgin- transverse process
Insertion- posterior skull
Action- contrallaterally moves head and neck
Orgin, insertion, and action of the multifidus?
Orgin- transverse process
Insertion- spinous process
Action- contrallaterally rotates spine
What’s the action of the erector spinae?
Extends the spine
What’s the orgin and insertion of the erector spinae
Orgin- sacrum and ilium
Insertion- spinous process, transverse process, and ribs
The ribs are also known as
Iliocostalis
The spinous process is also known as
Spinalis
Transverse process is also known as
Longissimus
Orgin, insertion, action of splenius
Orgin- occipital bone and spinous process
Insertion- capitis and cervicis
Action- ipsilaterally rotates head and neck
Another name for mastoid process
Capitis
Another name for cervical transverse process
Cervicis
Dense line of connective tissue along the midline of the abdomen
Linea alba
What muscles have to do with the ribs?
Serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior, and intercostals
Orgin, insertion, and action of the serratus posterior superior?
Orgin- spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertion-upper ribs
Action- assists with inhalation by pulling up on ribs
Orgin, insertion, and action of the serratus posterior inferior?
Orgin- spinous processes of lower thoracic vertebra
Insertion- lower ribs
Action- exhalation, pulls down on ribs
Orgin, insertion, and action of the intercostals
Origin- rib
Insertion- rib
Action- inhalation (external intercostals) and exhalation (internal intercostals)
What muscle originates with the pubic bone
Rectus abdominis
Insertion and action of the rectus abdominis
Inferior sternum and ribs 5-7
Flexes trunk
Muscles related to the abdomen?
External and internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis
The transverse abdominis orgin
Lumbar fascia and inferior 6 ribs
Insertion of the transverse abdominis
Linea alba
Action of the transversus abdominis
Compresses abdomen
External abdominal and internal abdominal oblique insertions are…
Linea alba
Orgin of the external abdominal oblique
Inferior 8 ribs
Action of external abdominal oblique
Flexes and rotates the trunk, compresses abdomen
Origin of internal abdominal oblique
Lumbar fascia and iliac crest
Action of internal abdominal oblique
Flexes and rotates trunk, compresses abdomen
