Axial Muscles (2) Flashcards by Mia Sassano

Orbicularis oculi

Closes the eye

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Frontalis

Wrinkles skin of forehead

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Procerus

Wrinkles skin in bridge of nose

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Orbicularis Oris

Purses lips

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Levator labii superioris

Raises upper lip

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Zygomaticus major

Raises corner of mouth

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Zygomaticus minor

Helps raise the upper lips

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Depressor labii inferioris

Depresses lower lip

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Depressor anguli oris

Depresses corner of the mouth

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Mentalis

Curls lower lip

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Buccinator

Tenses cheeks

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Platysma

Tenses skin of neck

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Movements of the mandible include…

Elevation - raise mandible/close mouth
Depression- open mouth/ lower mandible
Protraction- move mandible anteriorly
Retraction-move mandible posteriorly

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Muscles of mastication are…

Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid

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What is the temporalis?

Orgin- temporal fossa (side of skull)
Insertion- coronoid process of mandible
Function- elevates/retracts mandible

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What’s the masseter?

Orgin- zygomatic arch
Insertion- lateral surface of mandible/angle
Function- elevates mandible

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What’s the medial pterygoid?

Orgin- lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion- angle of mandible
Function- elevates mandible

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Lateral ptyeroid orgin, insertion, and function

Orgin- lateral pterygoid plate
Insertion- neck of mandibular condyle
Action- protracts mandible

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What muscles elevate the mandible and protract mandible?

Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid

protracts - lateral pterygoid

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How many phases are in swallowing

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Phase one of swallowing?

Tongue presses food against palate

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Phase two of swallowing?

Larynx and pharynx elevate and receive food

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Larynx

Voice box

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Pharynx

Throat

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Phase 3 of swallowing?

Larynx and pharynx lower again to re-set the position and move food into the esophagus

Muscles of the neck include….

Sternocleomastoid, sternohyoid, sternotyroid, digastric, and mylohyoid

Smiling without teeth

Zygomaticus major

Duck face

Orbicularis oris

Do the teeth show in the depressor anguli

Sad face, puffing out lower lip

Mentalis

Mastication means

Chewing

What muscle in the neck isn’t involved in swallowing

Sternocleomastoid

Platsyma means

Flat

What shows the teeth

Zygomaticus minor

What two bones are attached, work together?

Hyoid bone and larynx

What muscle in the face shows the lower teeth

Depressor labii inferioris

The depressor labii inferioris is covered by the…

Depressor anguli oris

The buccinator is deep or superficial

Deep

One part attaches to the lip and the other part comes to the skin of the chin

Mentalis

In the temporalis, the muscles are pulled back by the

Cornoid process

The temporalis has a _ that helps chew

Tendon

What muscles of mastication are underneath, ramus?

Medial and lateral pterygoid

The lateral pterygoid functions

Opens mouth, angled towards TMJ

T or F the larynx and pharynx work together

What’s the sternocleomastoid?

Orgin- sternum and clavicle Insertion- mastoid process of temporal bone Action- ipsilaterally side bends the neck and contrallaterally rotates head.

What do the actions of the sternocleomastoid mean

can bend on the same side with the muscle and can turn head opposite of the muscle

What muscles are involved in step two of swallowing

Digastric and mylohyoid

What muscles are involved in step three of swallowing

Sternohyoid and sternotyroid

What’s the sternohyoid?

Orgin- sternum Insertion-hyoid bone Action- pulls down hyoid bone during swallowing

What’s the sternotyroid?

Orgin- sternum Insertion- thyroid cartilage of larynx Action- pulls down larynx during swallowing

What muscles are above the hyoid bone

Digastric and mylohyoid

What’s the digastric muscle?

Orgin- mastoid process Insertion- mandible (with an intermediate tendon) Action- elevates hyoid bone during swallowing

What does mylo mean in mylohyoid?

Molar

What’s the mylohyoid muscle?

Orgin- inner surface of mandible body (by back molars) Insertion- hyoid bone Orgin- elevates hyoid bone during swallowing

How many orgins of the sternocleomastoid

Two

Sternothyroid is deep underneath the…

Sternohyoid

Thyroid is always known as…

Adams apple

What makes up the transversospinalis muscle group?

Semispinalis capitis and the multifidus

What is the orgin, insertion, and action of the semispinalis capitis?

Orgin- transverse process Insertion- posterior skull Action- contrallaterally moves head and neck

Orgin, insertion, and action of the multifidus?

Orgin- transverse process Insertion- spinous process Action- contrallaterally rotates spine

What’s the action of the erector spinae?

Extends the spine

What’s the orgin and insertion of the erector spinae

Orgin- sacrum and ilium | Insertion- spinous process, transverse process, and ribs

The ribs are also known as

Iliocostalis

The spinous process is also known as

Spinalis

Transverse process is also known as

Longissimus

Orgin, insertion, action of splenius

Orgin- occipital bone and spinous process Insertion- capitis and cervicis Action- ipsilaterally rotates head and neck

Another name for mastoid process

Capitis

Another name for cervical transverse process

Cervicis

Dense line of connective tissue along the midline of the abdomen

Linea alba

What muscles have to do with the ribs?

Serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior, and intercostals

Orgin, insertion, and action of the serratus posterior superior?

Orgin- spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae Insertion-upper ribs Action- assists with inhalation by pulling up on ribs

Orgin, insertion, and action of the serratus posterior inferior?

Orgin- spinous processes of lower thoracic vertebra Insertion- lower ribs Action- exhalation, pulls down on ribs

Orgin, insertion, and action of the intercostals

Origin- rib Insertion- rib Action- inhalation (external intercostals) and exhalation (internal intercostals)

What muscle originates with the pubic bone

Rectus abdominis

Insertion and action of the rectus abdominis

Inferior sternum and ribs 5-7 | Flexes trunk

Muscles related to the abdomen?

External and internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis

The transverse abdominis orgin

Lumbar fascia and inferior 6 ribs

Insertion of the transverse abdominis

Linea alba

Action of the transversus abdominis

Compresses abdomen

External abdominal and internal abdominal oblique insertions are…

Linea alba

Orgin of the external abdominal oblique

Inferior 8 ribs

Action of external abdominal oblique

Flexes and rotates the trunk, compresses abdomen

Origin of internal abdominal oblique

Lumbar fascia and iliac crest

Action of internal abdominal oblique

Flexes and rotates trunk, compresses abdomen