Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards by Mia Sassano

Bones in the appendicular skeleton

Upper/lower extremities

Pectoral and pelvic girdle

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What bones are in the pectoral girdle

Scapula and clavicle

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Triangular bone with three sides and angles

Scapula

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What are the borders of the scapula

Superior medial and lateral

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What are the angles of the scapula

Superior inferior Lateral

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A depression in a lateral angle is called…

Glenoid fossa

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Articulates with the humerous at shoulder joint

Glenoid fossa

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Anterior surface of scapula is called…

Subscapular fossa

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Projection of spine overarching the shoulder joint

Acromion

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Projects anteriorly (scapula)

Coracoid process

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Movements of the scapula

Elevation (up)
Depression (down)
Adduction (toward each other)
Abduction (away from each other)
Superior (upward rotation)
Interior (downward rotation

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S shaped, collar bone

Clavicle

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What are the ends of the clavicle

Lateral (left)

Medial (right)

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Secures the position of the scapula on the upper thorax

Clavicle

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What’s the only bony attachment between upper extremity and axial skeleton

Clavicle

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Only bone in the arm

Humerous

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In the humerous, the head articulates with the…

Glenoid fossa at shoulder joint

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Greater/lesser tubercles in the humerous…

Provide attachment sites for muscles

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Slight elevation along the shaft in humerous

Deltoid tuberosity

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What articulates with the bones of the forearm at the distal end

Trochka and capitulum

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Medial and lateral epicondyles in the humerus…

Provide muscle attachment sites

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Movements of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint…

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation, circumduction

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Medial bone in forearm

Ulna

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Forms part of elbow

Olecranon

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What articulates with the trochlea of humerus

Trochlear knotch

Attachment for muscle in ulna

Tuberosity

Distal end of ulnar is marked by the…

Head and styloid process

Lateral bone of forearm

Radius

Site of muscle attachment in radius

Radial tuberosity

Distal end of radius is…

Board and has a styloid process

Movements of the radius and ulna at elbow joint

Flexion (bend) | Extension(straight)

Movements at proximal/distal joints

Pronation (radius crosses over ulna, palm down) | Supination (radius and ulna are parallel, palm up)

Connective tissue that binds the radius and ulna, and transfers forces from hand to humerus

Interosseus membrane

Bones of wrist? How many?

Carpals (8)

Bones of hand? How many?

Metacarpals (5)

Bones of digits? How many?

Phalanges, 14

What are the types of bones in carpals

Proximal row and distal row

Movements at wrists joint…

Flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation

Metacarpals are numbered…

1 through 5 from thumb to pinky

Each finger has how many phalanges

3 (proximal, distal, middle) | Thumb has proximal and distal

Each proximal phalange articulates with its…

Metacarpal

Movements of the thumb

Flexion and extension

Pelvis

Hip bones

Femur

Thigh bone

Tibia

One of the two bones of leg, big toe

Fibula

Other bone of the leg, punky toe

Bones of ankle

Tarsals

Bones of foot

Metatarsal

Bones of toes

Phalanges

Receives the weight of the body through sacrum

Pelvic girdle

Rim marks entry into pelvic cavity

Pelvic inlet

Left and ride sides of pelvis are joined by the

Sacroiliac joints and pubic symphysis

What bones are in pelvic bones

Ilium, ischium, pubis

Divet in bone where the femur and hip join

Acetabulum

Filled with connective tissue and muscle (pelvic bones)

Obturator

Forms top of pelvis

Iliac crest

What provides muscle attachment sites in pelvis

Anterior superior and inferior iliac spines

Attachment for external genitalia, bottom of pelvis

Ischiopubic ramus

Receives weight in sitting and site for muscle attachment and ligament attachment (bottom left curve)

Ischial tuberosity

Differences in male and female pelvis

``` Males= pubic arch <80°, pelvic inlet is more heart shaped. Females= pubic arch >80°, pelvic inlet is more oval ```

Knee cap

Patella

Lather more medial than fibula

Tibia

Smaller more lateral bone in leg

Fibula

What bone doesn’t articulate with the femur at the knee joint or with the ankle bones

Fibula

Doesn’t bear or transfer weight

Fibula

Movement of the knee joint

Flexion and extension

Movements at ankle joint

Doris flexion, plantar flexion, inversions eversion

Each metatarsal bone has a…

Shaft, head, and base

1st metatarsal bone

Medial cuneiform

2nd metatarsal

Intermediate cuneiform

3rd metatarsal

Lateral cuneiform

4th and 5th metatarsal

Cuboid

Flexion in hip occurs in what plane

Saggital

Largest sesmoid bone

Patella

Grows within a tendon

Sesmoid pones