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neurology FA > Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

cranial nerve nuclei - located in

A

tegmentum portion of brain stem (between dorsal and ventral portion)

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2
Q

cranial nerve nuclei in midbrain

A

CN III, CN IV (3-4)

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3
Q

cranial nerve nuclei in pons

A

CN V, CN VI, CN VII, CN VIII (5-8)

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4
Q

cranial nerve nuclei in medulla

A

CN IX, X, XII (9,10,12)

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5
Q

cranial nerve nuclei in spinal cord

A

CN XI (11)

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6
Q

sulcus limitans - anatomical function

A

seperate lateral cranial nuclei (sensory) from medial cranial nuclei (motor)

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7
Q

medial cranial nuclei - function

A

motor

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8
Q

lateral cranial nuclei - function

A

sensory

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9
Q

CN I passing through

A

many openings of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone (anterior cranial fossa)

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10
Q

cranial nerves that enter into the middle cranial fossa through sphenoid bone

A

CN II - CN VI (2-6)

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11
Q

CN II enter into ….. cranial fossa via ….

A

middle cranial fossa

via optic canal

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12
Q

…. pass through optic canal

A

CN II

ophthalmic artery

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13
Q

… pass through superior orbital fissure into medial cranial fossa

A

CN III, IV, V1, VI, ophthalmic vein, sympathetic fibers

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14
Q

superior orbital fissure - bone?

A

sphenoid bone

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15
Q

optic canal - bone?

A

sphenoid bone

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16
Q

CN V2 enter into …. via …

A

middle cranial fossa

Foramen Rotundum

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17
Q

CN V3 enter into …. via …

A

middle cranial fossa

Foramen Ovale

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18
Q

… pass through Foramen spinosum into

A

middle meningeal artery

middle cranial fossa

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19
Q

pathways to anterior middle cranial fossa through sphenoid bone and what passes through

A
  1. optic canal (CN II, ophatlmic artery, central retinal vein)
  2. superior orbital fissure (CN III, IV, V1, VI, ophthalmic vein, sympathetic fibers)
  3. foramen Rotundum (CN V2)
  4. foramen ovale (CN V3)
  5. foramen spinosum (middle meningeal artery)
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20
Q

cranial nerve V enter into middle cranial fossa through

A

V1 - superior orbital fissure
V2 - foramen Rotundum
V3 - foramen ovale

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21
Q

cranial nerves? that passes into posterior nerves through … bone

A

CN VII-XII (7-12)

temporal or occipital bone

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22
Q

….passes through internal auditory meatus

A

CN VII

CN VIII

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23
Q

….passes through jugular foramen

A

CN IX
CN X
CN XI
jugular vein

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24
Q

….passes through hyoglossal canal (area of hypoglossal canal)

A

CN XII

between foramen magnum (medial) and jugular foramen (lateral)

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25
....passes through foramen magnum
spinal roots of CN XI brain stem vertebral arteries
26
pathways to posterior cranial fossa through temporal or occipital bone and what passes through
1. internal auditory meatus (CN VII, VIII) 2. Jugular foramen (CN IX, X, XI, jugular vein) 3. hypoglossal canal (CN XII) 4. foramen magnum (spinal roots of CN XI, brain stem, vertebral arteries
27
pathways into cranial
1. cribriform plate 2. optic canal 3. superior orbital fissure 4. foramen Rotundum 5. foramen ovale 6. foramen spinosum 7 internal auditory meatus 8. Jugular foramen 9. hypoglossal canal 10. foramen magnum
28
cranial nerves
``` CN I – Olfactory CN II – Optic CN III – Oculomotor CN IV – Trochlear CN V – Trigeminal CN VI – Abducens CN VII – Facial CN VIII – Vestibulocochlear CN IX – Glossopharyngeal CN X – Vagus CN XI – Accessory CN XII – Hypoglossal ```
29
CN IX
glossopharyngeal
30
CN XII
hypoglossal
31
cranial nerves - only sensory?
I, II, VIII
32
cranial nerves - only motor?
III, IV, VI, XI, XII
33
cranial nerves - BOTH sensory and motor?
V, VII, IX, X
34
CN I - function
smell
35
CN II - function
optic
36
CN III - function
1. eye movement 2. pupillary constriction 3. accommodation 4. eyelid opening
37
CN III - eye movements by
innervation of: 1. superior rectus 2. medial rectus 3. inferior rectus 4. inferior oblique
38
CN III- eyelid opening by
innervation of | LEVATOR PALPEBRAE
39
CN IV - function
eye movement
40
CN IV - eye movement by
innervation of superior oblique
41
CN V - function
1. mastication 2. facial sensation 3. somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue
42
CN V - facial sensation - divisions
1. ophthalmic 2. maxillary 3. mandibular
43
CN VI - function
eye movement
44
CN VI - eye movement by
innervation of lateral rectus
45
CN VII - function
1. facial movements 2. taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue 3. lacrimation 4. salivation 5. eyelid closing 6. stapedius muscle of the ear
46
CN VII - salivation via
submandibular and sublingual glands
47
CN VII - eyelids closing via
orbicularis oculi
48
CN VII - ear
innervates stapedius muscle of the ear
49
CN VII vs parotid gland
nerve courses through the parotid gland, but does not innervate it
50
CN VIII - function
1. hearing | 2. balance
51
CN IX - function
1. taste and somatosensation from posterior 1/3 of tongue 2. swallowing 3. salivation 4. monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo and baroreceptors 5. elevates pharynx and larynx
52
CN IX - salivation
innervates parotid gland
53
CN IX - elevates pharynx and larynx
innervates stylopharyngeus
54
CN X - function
1. taste from epiglottic region 2. swallowing 3. soft palate elevation 4. midline uvula 5. talking 6. coughing 7. parasympathetics to thoracoabdominal viscera 8. monitoring aortic arch body and chemo and baroreceptors 9. tongue movement
55
CN XI?
accessory
56
CN XI - function
head turning | shoulder shrugging
57
CN XI innervates
1. sternocleidomastoid muscle | 2. trapezius
58
CN XII - function
tongue movement
59
innervation of salivation
1. parotid gland (IX) | 2. submandibular and sublingual glands (VII)
60
tongue - main muscles (and innervation)
1. hyoglossus (XII) 2. genioglossus (XII) 3. styloglossus (XII) 4. palatoglossus (X)
61
vagal nuclei
1. nucleus solitarius 2. nucleus ambiguus 3. dorsal motor nucleus
62
nucleus solitarius - function and composed of
visceral sensory information (taste, baroreceptors, gut distention) VII, IX, X
63
nucleus ambiguus - function and composed of
motor innervation of pharynxm larynx, upper esophagus (swallowing, palate elevation) IX, X, XI (cranial portion)
64
dorsal motor nucleus - function and composed of
``` sends autonomic (parasympathetic) fibers to heart, lung, upper GI X ```
65
vagal nuclei and compsed of
1. nucleus solitarius - VII, IX, X 2. nucleus ambiguus - IX, X, XI (cranial portion) 3. dorsal motor nucleus - X
66
cranial nerve reflex?
1. corneal 2. lacrimation 3. jaw jerk | 4. pupillary 5. Gag
67
corneal nerve reflex - afferent and efferent
afferent - V1 opthalmic (nasociliary branch) | effernt - VII (temporal branch - orbicullaris oculi)
68
Gag reflex - afferent and efferent (only CN)
afferent - IX | effernt - X
69
pupillary reflex - afferent and efferent (only CN)
afferent - II | effernt - III
70
Lacrimation reflex - afferent and efferent (only CN)
afferent - V1 | effernt - VII
71
loss of lacrimation reflex vs tears
does not preclude emotional tears
72
jaw jerk reflex - afferent and efferent (only CN)
afferent - V3 (sensory - muscle spindle from masseter) | effernt - V3 (motor - maseter)
73
CN X lesion - appearance
uvula deviates AWAY from side of lesion. Weak side collapses and uvula points away
74
CN XII lesion - appearance
tongue deviates toward side of lesion ("lick your wounds") due to weakened tongue muscles on affected side (LMN lesion)
75
CN XI lesion - appearance
weakness turning head to contralateral side of lesion (Sternocleidomastoid muscle) Shoulder droop on side of lesion (trapezius)
76
CN V motor lesion - appearance
jaw deviates TORWARD side of lesion due to unopposed force from the opposite pterygoid muscle
77
cranial nerve without thalamic relaty to cortex
oflactory
78
vagal nuclei that sends autonomic fibers to heart, lung, upper GI
dorsal motor nucleus
79
jaw jerk - muscle?
masseter
80
V lesion - jaw deviates toward the site of lesion due to (muscle)
opposite pterygoid muscle
81
gag reflex is depressed by
opioids

neurology FA (31 decks)

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