CPAR (3rd Quarter) Flashcards
Visual Elements of Art (7)
Line
Color
Shape
Space
Value
Texture
Time and Motion
This refers to a prolongation of a point or a mark on a surface.
Line
can be used in order to define form
Solid lines
are typically used to suggest hidden forms.
Broken lines
This element refers to an area with boundaries identified or drawing lines.
Shape and Mass
A shape may be natural or living forms called an ________ _____ and can be irregular or rounded.
organic shape
It may also be measured forms called
Geometric shape
In contrast to shape which is two-dimensional, it refers to solid portions of a three-dimensional object.
Mass
This refers to visual perception that allows a person to differentiate objects due to the way various wavelengths of light are reflected
Color
is a very important element because it can communicate information and emotion to the viewer
Color
3 Properties of Color
Hue
Value
Saturation
which refers to the basic or pure color, and is represented in the color wheel.
Hue
which refers to the lightness and darkness of color.
Value
is the result of adding white to a hue,
Light color or tint
results from adding black to a hue.
Dark color or shade
which refers to brightness and dullness of color.
Saturation
It is also referred to as purity of the color.
Saturation
can be produced by adding more pigment to the same hue,
Bright color
can be produced by adding gray or the color’s complement to the pigment.
Dull color
is an arrangement of primary, secondary and tertiary colors
Color wheel
It is important tool to identify which colors can work well if used in a certain artwork which is the color schemes or color relationships
Color wheel
Color Schemes (6)
Monochromatic
Analogous
Complementary
Split-complementary
Triadic
Tetradic
involves using the same hue but with different gradients of value.
Monochromatic
entails the use of three or four adjacent colors in the color wheel.
Analogous
involves the use of a color and its complement- meaning the color located opposite of the first color.
Complementary
a close relative to the complementary color scheme. But instead of using the color’s complement, this scheme uses the two colors adjacent to the complement.
Split-complementary
uses three colors that are of equal distance with each other.
Triadic
also known as double complementary color scheme, this uses two pairs of complementary colors.
Tetradic
This element refers to the feel or appearance of a surface.
Texture
can be felt tangibly based on the material that is used for the artwork
Actual texture
can be exhibited, for instance, in a painting of fur of an animal.
Implied texture
This element refers to lightness or darkness of an area
Value
This is evident in creating shadows for a two-dimensional object to give an illusion of depth.
Value
refers to the area that is occupied by an object or a subject, as well as the area surrounding that object or subject.
Space
An illusion of space can still be created in a two-dimensional surface using this
Perspective
2 Types of Perspective
• Atmospheric perspective
• Linear perspective
which utilizes the properties of light and air in depicting the illusion of distance
Atmospheric perspective
which involves the use of vanishing points and receding hidden lines.
Linear perspective
Movement in the visual arts can either be an illusion or an actual motion. An illusion of movement is more common in two-dimensional artworks. On the other hand, actual motion is easily seen in kinetic sculpture that moves with the wind or are vibrating with the surrounding air.
Time and Motion
refers to the process of applying color on a flat surface. Forms can be created using a wide variety of materials such as watercolor, acrylic, ink, oil, pastel, and charcoal. Surfaces for painting include wood, canvas, cardboard, and paper.
Painting
Painting is considered two-dimensional, meaning it only has
Height and width
Forms of Painting (5)
Easel painting
Murals
Telon painting
Jeepney and Calesa painting
Collage
is perhaps the most common form of painting which involves applying color to a board or canvas that is fixed on an upright support called an easel. These are meant to be framed and hanged on a wall after creating them.
Easel painting
is described as a huge wall-sized painting used to impart messages to the public
Murals
was developed in order to prevent the mural from being erased from the wall which was created by using bold strokes in applying bright colors on pieces of cheesecloth or canvas.
Portable mural
is describes as a backdrop or background for the stage which are used for komedya, sarswela, and sinakulo, the popular forms of theater in the country.
Telon or telon painting
is typically painted using one color. The borders of these are decorated with geometric patterns, repetitive patterns, and/or thin lines.
Calesa or Calesa painting
evolved from calesa painting. In a typical jeepney, a logo, number, or painting is covered near the driver’s seat, as well as near the seats adjacent to it.
Jeepney painting
This refers to a form of painting that involves combine images in a single artwork. This entails cutting and pasting materials such as paper, fabric, tin foil and other relatively flat.materials onto a board or canvas.
Collage
Themes of Painting (8)
Genre painting
Historical painting
Interiors
Landscapes
Portraits
Nudes
Religious painting
Still life
portrays people in daily activities.
Genre painting
mainly focuses on the everyday activities of the folk.
Folk genre
using the style of ______ in depicting folk or urban subjects
Cubism
is another style wherein it uses a lot of color and spontaneity.
Folk-naive
depicts a scene from the past. It often has a lesson concerning national values.
Historical painting
This refers to painting of the space inside of a part of a house or a building. This usually reveals the social class of the family living in that particular house, as well as the traits of the people living in it.
Interiors
These painting portrays natural scenery or urban scenes. Mixed media is now used in creating these paintings. Closely related to ____ are seascapes, which focus on large bodies of water, particularly the ocean or the sea.
Landscapes
This refers to a painting portraying one or more specific individuals. This usually portrays the physical characteristics of the subject and seeks to show an understanding of that person’s character.
Portraits
These are paintings that portray the unclothed human figure. Nowadays, a wide variety of materials and styles can be used in painting these. These painting sessions are conducted in galleries.
Nudes
Common subjects of this includes a lone religious image, lives of the saints, and scenes based from the Scriptures like the Nativity scene, and the Station of the Cross.
Religious painting
This refers to a painting that depicts natural or man-made objects that form a composition in a natural setting. A lot of styles can be used by artists in painting, ranging from Baroque and Rococo, to impressionism, expressionism, and abstract. Neo-realism involves creating representational figures that also look abstract; hyperrealism or magic realism, the subject is painted in a highly realistic way that it resembles a photograph and social realism entails creating paintings that depicts socioeconomic and political problems
Still life
is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving and modelling; in stones, metals, ceramics, woods and other materials but, since Modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process. It is created by either carving, modelling, or assembling parts together.
Sculpture
In contrast to painting, sculpture has three dimensions
Height
Width
Depth
General Kinds of Sculpture (7)
Free-standing
Relief
Assemblage
Kinetic sculpture
Welded sculpture
Use of glass
Symbolic sculpture
This is a kind of sculpture that can independently stand in space. It has a flat horizontal base. All its sides contribute to the overall form of the sculpture.
Free-standing
This kind of sculpture does not have a flat horizontal base. The form is projected from a flat surface.
Relief
2 types of relief
Low relief or bas relief
High relief
Cagayan de Oro’s Legendary River Monster is an example of
Relief sculpture
This sculpture is formed by putting together materials such as found objects, pieces of paper, sponges, wood scraps, and other materials
Assemblage
A good example of this is Lamberto Hechanova’s Man and Woman.
Assemblage
This is considered as a sculpture in motion because the entire sculpture or some parts of the sculpture are moving with the wind or are vibrating with the surrounding air.
Kinetic sculpture
Creating these sculptures involve the process of. connecting sheets of metal together by using an acetylene or electric torch.
Welded sculpture
A kind of sculpture where the medium of expression used by the artist is glass.
Use of glass
It is a kind of sculpture in which an abstract idea is represented by means of allegory and personification.
Symbolic sculpture
Other Forms of Visual Art (20)
Advertising art
Bamboo art
Basketry
Book Design
Costumes
Embroidery
Food art
Furniture
Komiks and Editorial Cartoon
Leaf art
Mat Weaving
Metalcraft
Multimedia
Paper art
Personal ornaments
Photography
Pottery
Printmaking
Tattoo art
Textile weaving
This refers to using paid space or time in any of the media to inform and influence the public. This is used to encourage the public to patronage certain goods and services, or to support policies or persons.
Advertising art
This refers to works made of bamboo that may be used for everyday purposes, for decorations or ornaments.
Bamboo art
This refers to the art of creating containers by weaving, plaiting, or braiding materials into hollow three-dimensional shapes that can either be used for carrying, storage and trapping animals.
Basketry
involves structuring and reproduction of bound pages that are filled with text and / or images, and are protected by hard or soft covers.
Book design
These are garments, hairstyles, and accessories that are worn by individual members in a particular society.
Costumes
This refers to the art of stitching ornaments on cloth by hand.
Embroidery
This involves packaging and / or presentation of food in an artistic way. It involves enhancing the food itself or its packaging in an artistic way.
Food art
These are decorative and functional objects which are typically found in a public or private dwelling or building. These are also known as muebles or kasangkapan.
Furniture
involve illustrations of stories or events.
Komiks and Editorial Cartoon
is a single-frame illustration that may either makes fun of political leaders or institutions, or comments on current events
Editorial Cartoon
may use single or multiple frames with conversations of people or animals placed inside “balloons”.
Komiks
is used in religious rituals, food wrapping, and even as a form of modern artistic expression.
Leaf art
This refers to the art of “plaiting strips of organic fibers into mats”. These mats, locally known as banig, are cool, light, and portable compared to fixed beds.
Mat weaving
This includes all objects made from metal using the processes of brass casting and blacksmithing, tinsmithing, or goldsmithing and silversmithing.
Metalcraft
Types of metalcraft (3)
• Brass casting and blacksmithing
• Goldsmithing and silversmithing
• Tinsmithing
This process involves casting and forging pieces of brass or bronze. Anting-anting or amulets are also created using this process
Brass casting and blacksmithing
These processes involves the use of gold and silver in creating objects and ornaments.
Goldsmithing and silversmithing
can be easily seen in creating jeepneys, kalesas, and cariton or ice cream cart.
Tinsmithing
This consist of works that involves the use of other senses in appreciating those works aside from the sense of vision.
Multimedia
Types of Multimedia (3)
Conceptual art
Installation art
Performance art
In this type of multimedia, a visual artist “ideates or sets up a situation, placing philosophical value in the process itself while negating the importance of craftsmanship in arriving at a finished art object.
Conceptual art
In this type of multimedia, the artist puts together materials and objects in an exhibition space to cast a new experience or idea.
Installation art
In this type of multimedia, an artist converts himself or herself into an art object in motion and sound.
Performance art
This involves the processes of cutting, pasting, recycling, and / or constructing of objects from paper. It used to be limited with folk paper art such as taka and higante from Angono, parol, pastillas, wrappings, and kites.
Paper art
These are objects that are worn on the human body. Jewelry falls under this form. These are worn either to enhance a part of the body of the wearer, to exhibit rank or status, or to symbolize ritualistic and emotional states.
Personal ornaments
This refers to the process of producing images using a light-sensitive chemical plate or film. Photographs are taken to serve as portraits and as propaganda which is highly useful medium for an artist.
Photography
is a general term for decorative and useful objects made from clay and set off at high temperatures. This is frequently interchanged with “ceramics”. However, it is important to note that application of ceramics is wider and even includes industrial use.
Pottery
3 Types of Pottery
• Earthenware or terracotta
• Stoneware
• Porcelain
This type of pottery is made from clay and is usually fired at 1,700-2,100 ᵒF.
Earthenware or terracotta
This type of pottery is made from clay and feldspar.
Stoneware
This type of pottery is made from kaolin, a special type of clay that is extra fine, white and feldspar.
Porcelain
This refers to transferring images from a firm surface, such as metal or wood , to a pliable surface, such as cloth or paper, using pressure. This is different from production because it involves making the plate either by hand (of the artist) or mixed with mechanical means.
Printmaking
This refers to a body adornment permanently engraved on the skin using a sharp instrument and plant. dyes or inks.
Tattoo art
This refers to the process of creating cloth by interweaving a series of parallel vertical threads with another series of horizontal threads at right angles.
Textile weaving
is considered to be one of the most functional branches of the visual arts. We can freely see it in our surroundings because it involves designing the form of a building while allowing the building to serve its function. It is considered to be the “art to inhabit.”
Architecture
In fact, local materials were used by architects like _________ ______, a Filipino architect considered as one of the most influential Filipino architects of the 20th century, in designing homes and buildings.
Francisco Mañosa
Forms of Contemporary Architecture (5)
Domestic Buildings and Houses
Ethnic Houses
Commercial Buildings
Government Buildings
Public Buildings and Structures
Domestic Buildings and Houses (4)
Apartment
Bahay na Bato
Barong-Barong
Bungalow
This refers to a building composed of many residences called units. This is usually built in populated urban areas. Nowadays, in order to maximize the use of space and because of the increased buying power of the population, condominiums were developed. These condominiums are larger offshoots of apartments.
Apartment
is considered to be a residence of. the wealthy. A typical two-storey _____ __ ____ generally has a ground floor that is made of brick or stone, and has a wooden upper level. The windows and the level have grilles, while the windows at the upper level have sliding shutters. The roof of a typical _____ __ ____ slants on four sides.
Bahay na bato
are houses of the landless poor that are built on any land or area. These are usually found near the esteros, riverbanks, and bayshores; spaces along high walls, railroad tracks; spaces near abandoned buildings, and garbage dumps; or any vacant lot. Some of these are built under bridges.
Barong-barong
This refers to one-story house with a wide front porch and large windows. It may also have a terrace, which may be roofed or not.
Bungalow
is considered as an ethnic house of Christian peasant families living in the lowland areas. This is typically owned by families belonging in low income groups.
Bahay Kubo
is basically a boat that also serves as dwelling. The Badjaos or Sama Laut typically reside in this.
Houseboat
is characterized by an upper level or story covering just a half of the lower level. This may also become a split-level house if half of the ground level is higher in such a way that it is halfway between the ground level and the upper level.
One-and-a-Half Story House
in the Philippines has two main levels. The lower level houses has the kitchen, living and dining areas, while the upper level has the bedrooms. These levels are separated by about half or less-than-half a story.
Split-level House
refers to a suburban house that has one story, a two-story house with living quarters on the upper level, or an elevated one-story house.
Tsalet
The term tsalet came from the term “______” which refers to a peasant house in Switzerland that has upper levels jutting over the lower levels, a steep roof and a decorated gable.
Chalet
Ethnic Houses (5)
Bahay Kubo
Houseboat
One-and-a-Half Story House
Split-level House
Tsalet
Commercial Buildings (2)
Market (Palengke)
Buildings that house banks, business offices, and factories
This refers to a place or building for buying and selling goods. This is also referred to as tindahan, and tiyangge. Nowadays, this has evolved into the supermarket, which puts the wet market and the grocery together in the same complex. The mall, or galleria, is considered a more recent evolved form of this.
Market or Palengke
These buildings have plain wall surfaces and large windows. These also have bold rectangular forms and clean lines.
Buildings that house banks, business offices, and factories
Government Buildings (2)
Capitol (Kapitolyo)
Town Hall (Munisipyo)
This refers to the building of the provincial government. Most of these in the country use columns and pediments in the exterior of the buildings.
Capitol or Kapitolyo
This refers to the building of the municipal government. The offices of the mayor, the municipal council, the municipal court and jail, and other important offices such as the municipal registrar’s office are located here. There are some instances, however, when the municipal court and jail are housed in a separate building called tribunal.
Town Hall or Munisipyo
Public Buildings and Structures (7)
School (Eskwelahan)
Kamalig
Masjid
Cemetery (Sementeryo)
Church (Simbahan)
Movie House (Sinehan)
Theatre (Teatro)
This refers to a place where young people are educated to become productive members of the community. The most common style of the this is American-influenced, which featured a concrete structure elevated on stilts.
School or Eskwelahan
is the Tagalog term for a building used for storing grain. This is considered to be the most economically significant structure among the tribes in Northern Philippines. In some provinces, especially those in the lowland areas, the bahay kubo or nipa hut can be used as a form of this.
Kamalig
The ______ or mosque refers to a place of worship of. the Muslims. A typical Philippine mosque has the following features: a tower called minaret, a prayer niche called mihrab , the dome, arches that are reinforced with pillars, and a pulpit called mimbar.
Masjid
is a place where people bury the dead. It has other names, such as kampo santo, pantyon, and libingan. A ________ had a small chapel and vaults or nichos surrounding the chapel. Nowadays, memorial parks are developed.
Cemetery
is a place of worship for a Christian congregation. How a ______ was designed usually depends on the religious denomination it belongs.
Church or Simbahan
is a place where people watch film or motion pictures.
Movie House or Sinehan
is a building for dance, musical, and theatrical presentations. This is different from an auditorium because it is essentially a separate building compared to the former.
Theatre or Teatro
Other Forms and Structures (3)
Fort (Kuta)
Lighthouse (Parola)
Bridge (Tulay)
These are structures that are built to defend a community against enemies. These are usually found in areas with natural barriers, such as cliffs, hills, narrow passes, mountains, and waters.
Fort or Kuta
is a structure built on an island, peninsula, or rock to ensure that ships will be able to pass through a narrow area safely.
Lighthouse or Parola
is a horizontal structure that serves as a passageway between two areas separated by a body of water, a hollow area, or a road.
Bridge or Tulay
involves creating representational figures that also look abstract
Neo-realism
the subject is painted in a highly realistic way that it resembles a photograph and social realism entails creating paintings that depicts socioeconomic and political problems
hyperrealism or magic realism
Furnitures are also known as?
muebles or kasangkapan
