Chem equilibrium Flashcards
equilibrium
two opposite reactions occur at the same rate
reversible reaction
rxn occurs simultaneously in both direction
Rate Law
A+B=products
Rate=K(A)^m x (B)^N
Activation Energy
min amt. of energy required for a rxn
collision theory
atoms can react to from products when they collide with one another if they have enought kinetic energy
activated complex/transition state
unstable arrangement of atoms at the beak of activation energy barrier
Factors that affect reaction rates
- temp
- concentration
- particle size
- adding a catalyst
Factors affecting equilibrium
- Le Chatelier’s principal; if stress is applied to a system in equilibrium, the reaction will shirt to relieve stress. shift only in gases
- catalyst does not affect equilibrium
Le Chatelier Principle-concentration
- increase in the # of that substance: shift in the opposite dirrection.
- decrease: shift towards that substance
Le Chatelier Principle-temp
endothermic: temp is positive, left side
exothermic: negative, right
- increase in temp: opposite of heat
- decrease in temp: towards heat
Le Chatelier Principle-pressure
- increase in pressure: shirt toward side w/ less moles (coefficient)
- decrease pressure: shift toward more moles.
Le Chatelier Principle-pressure
- increase in pressure: shirt toward side w/ less moles (coefficient)
- decrease pressure: shift toward more moles.
equilibrium
no change in concentration
aA+bB-cC+dD
[C]^c x [D]^d
[A]^a x [B]^b
k>1
products are favored
k
reactants are favored
Important
- do not put solid and liquid in
- molarity
ICE
- Initial moles
- Change in concentration: - positive: no I
- Equilibrium (Molarity)
Homogeneous equilibrium
all reactants and products are in the same state/phase
Rate Law
aA+bB-products
Rate=K[A]^m x [B]^n
Rate Law solution
Choose 2 trial of one reactant that the other reactant has the same thing. divide the 2 trial by the corresponding rate
Rate Law solution
Choose 2 trial of one reactant that the other reactant has the same thing. divide the 2 trial by the corresponding rate to find the exponent then subsitute one trial to find K
