Apush 5 Flashcards
1880 immigrants old
north n west EU, brit, germany, scandinavia
protestants, irish/german catholics, english speaker/ literate/ skilled
new immigrants 1890s
south and east EU, ppor/illiterate peasants, not used to democracy, non protestant. in poor ethnic neighborhood in big US cities
birds of passage
younf men for unskilled fatory/mining/constructions. would return back once has enough money
1870-80
legal resriction on immigrants
- chinese exclusion act of 1882 (ban all new immigrant from china) from wetern states
- stop immigration of paupers, criminals and mentally ill
- contract labor laws 1882 restricted temporarty workers to protect US worker
- literacy test 1917
- 1892 medical examination and payment of tax by immigrant
- statue of libery 1886 barthodi french
support for restriction of immigrants
- labor union
- nativist society: American Protective Association (prejudice against catholic
- social darwinist
foreigner scapegoats for depression
AA
moved from farm to n n w cities
streetcar cities
ppl lived far away from jos, horse drawn cars and cable. steel suspension bridges helped new york brooklyn bridge. different class/race lived in diff areas
skyscrapers
Will Jenny built home insurance compnay building chicago 10, steel skeleton, made possible by innovations
poor
affluent out of resid near business district n poor lived their. landlords: small windowless room to fill it up with more ppl. bad condition: NYC law required window-dumbbell tenements, ventilation shafts. spread diseases, filth, overcrowding. immig groups created disntinct bad neighborhood with its own thing: ghettos
residential suburbs
wealthy, facotrs prompting them to move
- low cost land
- inexpensive tranportation
- low cost contriction
- prejudice
- individ n privay
city beautiful 1890
movement to make US cities better
political machine
group of politian controlling polit parties in cities. boss: gave jobs to loyal supporters. coordinate issues. greedy n generous, help poor
reform 80-90
urban problems.
book of social critizism: george n bellamy, bad side affect of laissezfair, ineuality of wealth by indus
young mid-class live in immigrant nieghborh to learn about prob called settlement houses. Hull House-Addams. tuaght eniglish and helped out. created foundation for social worker and are prochildlaborlaws, women rights, housing reform
Theodore Roosevelt tried to clean up NYPD
most reform did not work
laissezfair
gov absense
social gospel 80-90
movement, social justice for poor urban. apply christian principle to social prob. Rauschenbusch minister, protestant
religion
adapt to city life
catholic grew bc immicgrants.
eddy: good health result of correct thinking about fathermothergod, chruch of crist, scientist
urban life
isolation from extended family, divorce rate increased, fmaily sized!
women vote
wyomig first state 1869
middle class
stanton and anthony founded national american women suffrage association. but still no vote
temperance
drinking cause poverty. woman christian temperance union 1874 for total abstinence Willard WCTU. Antisaloon League 1893 got 21 states to close bars
elementary school
read,write,math and traditional values-McGruffrey readers. laws require student to school increase #studentsn increase literacy rates 90, kindergarten started. increase support for tax supported high schols n has vocational n citizenship ship edu for urban
higher edu
colleges^ bc
land grants college established=Morrill act 1862,1890
uni founded by philanthropist
founding new uni for women
change in uni curric
!#required courses n has electives. John Hopkins=1t to specialize in advance studies -reseachnfreeinquiry=scholars smart as EU, social ife in uni added
social sciences
apply sci method n theory evolution to human affair changed study of human society=social science emerge. Ely attach laissez-faire econ thoughts as outdated n studied economic institution, DuBois use stat to study crime urban-1st AA to get a phD harvard-equality.
sci affected doctors,edu,social worker, lawyers n^ liberal reforms
Books
before: romantic novels depicted ideal heroes
after: realismrough
harte: mining camp of west
Twain: 1st realist author huckleberry finn greed vioence n racism in society
younger generation 90:
natiralism emotion experience
crane: brutal urban envir bad for YA, civil war fear.
London: conflict btw nature n civilixation
Dreiser: poor workering girl, moral sensibilities
paint
some: realism (new) , some: popular romantic subjects
homer: seascape/watercol-naturescene matteroffact way
eakins: realism surgical scenes everyday lives of working class, photography-study anatomy
Ashcan school: socal realist painted scene of everyday poor urban
Architecture
Richardson 70, based on romanesque style medieval arches
sullivan: reject historical style, instead tall steel framed office 80-90
Wright: organic style-harminy w/ natural surrounding, horizontal lines prairie-style
burnham: revived classical greek/rome n historical style
Frederick Law Olmsted: urbanist plan city parks/boulevard (NYC) estab basis for urban landscaping
Music
^musicalperformances. smaller town=outdoor bandstand Sousa
AA New orleans-jass and blues (pain of black experiences
newspaper
mass ciruclation
pulitzer: 1st newspaper to exceed 1mill has crimesndisastern corruption.
hearst: publisher scandal sensationalism80
Laies home journal n magazines cheap cuz tech new
^ leisure time activities bc
! hours ppl work
improv transport
advertisment
! restrictive traditonal/religious values.
most popular: drinking n talking at saloon,
theater,circus, parks
professional spectator sport emerged
boxing, baseball-urban, jimcorw=black cant play in big league
football=college
basketball invented 1900. no women involved except amature/recreational clubs disciminate against jews, cath, AA
limited/do little gov
similar to laissezfair econ n social darwinism. courts narrowly interpret gov power over business n congress can only pass few regulatory laws
caimpiagn
no taking strong position on issues, demo has less votes, controlled house=divided gov, both parties with equal powr/stalemate, more citizen participation. politic no active legislative
republicans
norht: bloody shirt, reformers AA businessmen n middle class anglo Protestant support temperance. probussiness high protective tariffs
democrat
confederacy support. north: political machines n immigrant. catholic, lutherian, jews, states rigts n limit powers of gov (like jeffersonian)
Party patronage
Conkling: dictate who in repub get job (Stalwarts)
against: Blain (Halfbreeds)
Mugwumps: repub no patronage
P. Hayes
1876
end reconstruction get troops out, attempt for honest gov, temperance, vetoed chinese immgration restriction
P. Garfield
1888-
repub, interested in patronage not reform, halfbreed in office, stalwart killed him
P. Arthur
support bill reofrm expand # of gov emplyee hired on qualifications not connections. a repub, develope navy
legislature
long undistinguished career, weak congress
election 1884
Repub: blaine but mugwumps suspicious of him n switched to democratic Clevelant (honest/good/affair)catholic supported him (Rum, Romanism, Rebellion
Cleveland 1st term
challenge ^protective tariff limited gov commerce act 1887; regulate business Dawes Act: benefit AI n got land Civil service system
civil service reform
congress remove certain gov jobs from patronage
pendleton act 1881: set up civil service commision, applicants for fed job examinations
easy money
paper money, silver coins, gold causes depression, nfarmer n poor
hard money
bankers, backed by gold.
Specie Resumption Act: got rid of greenbacks.
crime of 1873: stop coining silver
BlandAllison Act: limited silver coinage
