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10th grade > anat bone > Flashcards

anat bone Flashcards

1
Q

long bones

A

expanded end, long axes

forearm, thigh

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2
Q

short bones

A

length and width equal

wrist, ankle

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3
Q

flat bones

A

platelike broad surface, thin

rib, scapulae, some skull

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4
Q

irregular bones

A

have variety shapes, connected to other bones

vertebrae, facial

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5
Q

sesamoid/round bones

A

small rounded lump

kneecap, with tendons

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6
Q

proximal epiphysis

A

nearest to torso n forms joint

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7
Q

periosteum

A

vascular fibrous tissue that covers bone except for parts with cartilage
form and repair bone tissue

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8
Q

bone features

A

processes: projection for attachment sites-ligament n tendon

grooves/opening for passageway vessels n nerve

depression

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9
Q

compact/cortical bone

A

continous extracellular matrix, no gaps

covers spongy

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10
Q

spongy/cancelllous bone

A

has branching of bony plates: trabeculae
with irreg connecting space btw them.

in short flat ireg bone btw compact

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11
Q

endosteum

A

membrane with bone forming cell lines medullary cavity

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12
Q

axial

A

skull
vertebrae
thoracic/ribe cage

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13
Q

appendicular

A

limbs;help movement

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14
Q

lamellae

A

circles around central canal, collagen fibers in one direction, each circle alternating pattern, resist twisting

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15
Q

lacunar

A

space btw lamellae houses osteocyte

osteon:haversian

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16
Q

osteoblast

A

make bone

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17
Q

osteoclast

A

break down bone

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18
Q

perforating canals/volkmann’s

A

connect central canal and help central communicate. larger vessel n nerve

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19
Q

cell in spongy

A

lie in trabecula and nurtuent diffusion

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20
Q

intramembranous bones

A

originate from sheetlike layers of CT

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21
Q

endochondral bones

A

begin as cartilage that are replaced by bone tissue

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22
Q

immovable

A

synarthrotic

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23
Q

slightly moveable

A

amphiarthrotic

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24
Q

freely movable

A

diarthrotic

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25
Q

fibous no mov

A

connected by dense CT w/collagenous fiber

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26
Q

fibrous syndesmosis

A

by interosseous ligament. flexible and may b twisted/

tibianfibula

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27
Q

fibrous suture

A

flat bones by sutural ligament, no movement

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28
Q

fibrous gomphosis

A

coned shaped process in bony socket in periodontal ligament. no movement.

tooth

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29
Q

cartilagenous

slight mov

A

bones connected by hyaline or fibrocartilage

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30
Q

cartilagenous synchondrosis

A

bones united by hyaline cartilage. no mov

epiphysis n diaphysis

31
Q

cartilagenous symphysis

A

bones separated by thin layer of hyaline attached to fibrocartilage. limited mov/bend twist

vertebrae

32
Q

synovial

greatest mov

A

bones surrounded by joint capsule, bone covered by hyaline catilage and has synovial fluid

33
Q

synovial ballnsocket

A

all planes, rotation

shoulder,hip

34
Q

synovial condyloid

A

oval condyle of one bone fits into an elliptical cavity of another, alot mov ,no ration

matacarplenphalanges

35
Q

synovial gliding

A

bone surface flat, sliding/twisting

wristnankle, humerusradiu
femurpatel

36
Q

hinge

A

convex surface into concave
flexion/extension

elbow, humurus and ulna, phalanges

37
Q

pivot

A

cylindrical and ring, rotation

proximal ends of radius and ulna

38
Q

saddle

A

concave and convex
2 palnes movement

carpal n metacarpal

39
Q

pelvis

A

acetabulum

pubic symphysis

40
Q

sacpula

A

coracoid

41
Q

humerus

A

radial fossa
coronoid fossa
capitulum
olecranon

42
Q

tarsal

A

calcaneous

43
Q

hematoponesis

A

yolk sac, liver spleen, marrow.

44
Q

sacrum

A

5

45
Q

coccyx

A

4

46
Q

COXAE

A

hipbone

47
Q

vertebral coumn

A

infant:33
adult: 36
c-primary
)-secondary

cerivical: 7
thoracic: 12
lumbar: 5

48
Q

1-7 rib

A

true

49
Q

8-10

A

false

50
Q

11-12

A

floating

51
Q

functions

A 
support
protection
levers
adipose
storage
hematopoisis
52
Q

stuff in bone, tissue

A 
bone
cartilage
dense CT
blood 
nervous

fibrous ct
vascular tissue
lymphatic tisue
adipose

53
Q

clacium level norm

A

9-11 mg/100mL

54
Q

high level

A

thyroid-calcitonin

increase osteoblast

increase kidney calcium excretion

decrease intestine absorbtion of Ca

55
Q

low level

A

parathyroid-PTH

increase osteoclast

stop kid from excreting calcium

increase vitD synth and calcitriol needed flr intstine to absorb Ca

56
Q

osteomalacia

A

soft bone, decrease vitD, juvenile of osteoprosis

57
Q

rickets

A

chilren soft bone, bowed leg

58
Q

osteomyelitis

A

bone infection

59
Q

osteoprosis

A

post menopause, decrease bone mass

60
Q

acromegaly

A

adult growth, thick course face, feet, hand

not proportional

61
Q

pituitary dwarfism

A

child proportionate

62
Q

achondrophasia

A

genetic, affect cartilage, normal trunknhead, unproportional, norm chill

63
Q

ossification

A

replacing CT

64
Q

intramembranous

A

Ct specialize inro osteoblast-spongy bone. blast-cyte. CT on surface form periosteum
blast instide peristuem-compact

65
Q

endochonral

A

cartilage die, periosteum forms from surround and invade cartilage. blast-spongy, blast-cyte. periosteum-compact

66
Q

primary ossicfication

A

endochonral at center diaphysis and outward, peri-compact

67
Q

secondary ossification

A

epiphysis, spongy outward.

68
Q

vitD

A

lack: soft bone

69
Q

vit A

A

blast cell activity

70
Q

vitC

A

collagenous synthesis

71
Q

grwoth

A

stimulate division of chrondrosyth at epi site

72
Q

thyroxine

A

thyroid hromine for replacement of cartilage in epiphyseal

73
Q

physical stress

A

bone thicken and strenrh. none: weak bones

74
Q

repair

A

blood vessel broke-hematoma

spongy forms near vessle. fibrocartilage form around

bony callous replace cartilage

clast remove excess bony tissue

10th grade (45 decks)

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