Chapters 20 and 21 Reading Questions Flashcards
what practical problems would occur if the US became 2 nations
still together geographically
share of national debt
how to spilt territories
how fugitive slave law would be resolved
europe could ignore montore doctrine and sieze territory
what action did Lincoln take that provoked a confederate attack on fort sumter? what effects did the south’s attack have?
sent provisions to the fort
provoked N to attack them
L called for 750000 militiamen
blockade of s seaports
virg, arkansas, and tennessee joined the confed
how did the border states affect northern conduct of the war?
w/out them s would have manufacturing and controk of ohio river
declared martial law in maryland
had to declare he wasnt fighting to free blacks and was just keeping the union
suspension of habeus corpsus
what advantages did the S have? the north?
s: could fight defensively, s just had to outlast n, had most taleneted military officers, s people born to fight, high troop morale
n: farms and factorires, had 3/4 of nation’s wealth and railroads, controlled the sea, more manpower, strong central gov
why did king cotton fail in the south?
surpluses of cotton in britain
eng turned to other sources
wheat and corn became more important to eng
working class in eng wanted them to not help the S
what tensions arose with great britiain during the civil war?
trent affair: captured british warship and imprisoned 2 confed officers
the alabama: ships with british troops captured 60 vessels
laird raids: 2 birish-built conded warships designed to destroy U ships but were never released
describe the weaknesses of the confederate government and the strengths of the union government
s: its const, created by secession, couldnt deny future secession, Davis wanted a strong central gov but states’ righters fought it, davis was never popular w/ his congress, and he defied public opinion
n: long-established, finacially stable, recoongized abroad. good at keeping public opinion
give examples of constitutionally questionable actions taken by lincoln. why did he act with arbitrary power?
proclaimed a blockade
increased size of army
directed $2mil w/out securitt ti 3 pricate citizens for military puposes
suspended write of habeas corpuses
suprivised voting in BS
ordered the suspension of some newspapers
was necessary ti preserve the union
was the civil war a “rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight? explain.
rich in n could pay $300 for a substitute and s w/ over 20 slaves were exempt in draft
money given to volunteers
what was the effect of paper money on both the north and south?
n: greenbacks backed by gold fluctuated w/ natoin’s credit, creeping inflation
s: blue-backed paper money printed w/ abandon caused inflation
explain why the civil war led to economic boom times in the north
continued rapid industrialization
new factoriees
millionare class for the first time
new labor saving machines
standard measurements for clothing
mechanical reapers produced surpluses
new patroleum indsutry
homestead act
give evidence to prove that the war was economically devastation to the south
claimed only 12% of nation’s wealth y 1870
per capita income shrinked from 2/3 of n to 2/5
transportation collapsed
what effect did the Battle of Bull Run have on the north and south?
n had to prepare for a full war
s overconfidence: deserters, smaller enlistments
describe the grand strategy of the north for winning the war
anocanda plan
blockade s ports
raise and trian 500000 men
liberate slaes to indermine s economy
take control of mississippi river
chop s to pieces by sending troops through georgia and caros
capture richmond
what was questionable about the blockade practices of the north? why did britain honor the blockade anyway?
n enforced blockade by siezing brit freighters if it had war supplies
london mad bt thought they could use the strat in future wars
why was the battle of antietam “…probably the most decisive of the civil war”
lee continued to maryland to strike a blow to enourage forgien intervention
brits and french almost intervined
l used it to launch the emanicpation proclamation
the emancipation proclamation had important consequences. explain
1000s of slaves flocked to U armies
helped convince n soldiers of slavery’s evils
strenghtned moral cause
forshawdoded the 13th amendment
removed any chance of negiotiated settlement
desertion increased
increased dems ellected into congress
diplomatic postion of u increased
African Americans were critical in helping the North win the Civil War. Assess this statement.
10% of total n enlistments were balcks
fear of slave insurrection kept s men from the front
slaves resisted in s
served as U spies and scouts
used in labor battalions
Why was Gettysburg a significant battle?
last s attack on n soil
s caused doomed
gettsyburg address
bloddiest battle
Describe General Grant as a man and a general.
drinker
ruthless
good general, earned his place
How did Sherman attempt to demoralize the South?
total war
bruned and pilaged cities
tore up railroads and twisted them
bayonetted family portriats
Describe Lincoln’s political difficulties during the war.
congressional committee on the Conduct of the War mad at expansion of pres power
peace dems “copperheads” obstructed the war
attacks against the drafts
enemies in congress
had to be reelected
What factors contributed to Lincoln’s electoral victory?
ran w/ a dem to appeal to war dems
at election time, many n soldiers came to vote
What strategy did Grant use to defeat Lee’s army?
assail enemy’s armies simultaneously so thay couldnt assist one another and be destroyed piecemeal
