Chapter 16 Flashcards
king cotton
planters went to gulf states
cotton accounted for .5 of A exports after 1840
S produced more than 1/2 of world’s cotton
S knew eng was dependent on cotton and thought if N and S ecer fought, eng would come to their defense
gov in the S
Planter Aristoracry, not a democracy
less than 2000 fams owned mroe than 100 slaves and controlled poltical and social leadership
rich sent their kids to private schools, so tax-payed public schools suffered
widened gap b/w rich and poor
tried to rekindle a sense of medievalism
planter women
commanded a household of mostly female slaves
relationships b/w slaves and mistress differed
didnt believe in abolitionism
cons of the slave system
plantation agriculture ruined the land
economics in S became monopolisitc
many small farmers had to sell their farms to tje rich and move W
repelled big scale immigration
financial instability of the plantation system
overspeculation of land
slaves were a costly and big investment
1-crop economy
S depenedent on N
small slave owners
more than 2/3 owned less than 10 slaves
small farmers
lives resembled the small farmers in the N
lived in modest houses and worked alonside the slaves
whites w/ no slaves
3/4 of S whites
barely participated in the market economy
substistance farmers that grew corn and hogs
isolated lives
defenders of the slave system bc of hope of someday aquiring them and racial superiotiry
mountain whites
lived in the vallies of the Alps
civilization passed them by
littile in common w/ rest of whites
hated planters
free blacks in the S
abt 250000 by 1860
in upper S, their freedom was traced back to emamcipation from the revolutionary days
in lower S, freed were mulattpes
many owned property
some bought their freedom
prohibited from some jobs and testifying in court
vunerable to being forced back into slabery
free blacks in the N
another 250000
no right to vote, some barred from education
hated by irish
abolitionist ideals grew out of racial prejudice, not humanitarian ideals
plantation slavery
slaves were primary form of wealth in S
some were spared dangerous jobs bc they were such a big investment
by 1860, the Deep S had majority of slaves amd accounted for 1/2 of slave pop
breeding slabes was not openly encouraged
white masters would create mulattoes w/ female slaves
samilies separated at aunction block
slave trade
end of international slave trade
growth of internal one due to reproduction
some women were promised freedom for 10 kids
smuggling of slaves into S
slavery under the lash
conditions varied from region to region, large plantation to small, master to master
worked dawn to dusk
no civil or poltical rights
what few protection laws they had, couldnt bc enforeced bc slaves couldnt testify
floggings were common
most were concentrated in the black belt
breakers
broke the “strong-willed slabes
slavery in teh black belt
most lived on larger plantaions
in some counties, slaves were more than 75% of the population
forced separation of families was more common in small plantations and most were raised with 2 parents
religion of the slaves
emphasized aspects of Christianity that seemed most pertient to their own situation
respnsorial style of preachign
black belt
S Caro, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana
protests of slaves
slowdowns
stole goods from the master house
sabotaged expensive equipment
poisened masters’ food
ran away
rebelled (unsuccessfully)
slave rebellions
Nat Turner’s Reballion: Turner led an uprising that killed 60 virginians but was then vrushed
denamrk vessey was betryaed by informers
Amistad (1839): slaves overtook Spanish ship and attempted to sail back to Africa but were driven ashore on Long Island
slavery’s mark on whites
fostered the brutality of the whip and other punishments
Southerners lived in states surrounded by reellious blacks
fostered teh theory of racial superiority
early abolitionism
1st among the Quakers
American Colonization society
took on more momentum in 1830s
religious spirits of 2nd great awakening fueled the movement
1820s: more antislavery society below the Mason-DIxon Line
Theodore Dwight Weld
had followers that fanned out in Old NW to preach antislavery gospel
created a propaganda pamphlet “American Slabery as It Is”
American colonizaiton socity
formed to ship hated blacks back to africa
created liberia (capital Monrovia) for freed slves
15000 were transported to Africa over 40 yrs
most didnt want to go bc they had no roots there
william lloyd garrison
published the anti slavery newspaper The Liberator
cofounded the American Anti-Slavery society w/ wendell phillips in 1833
more interested in his owen righteousness than ending slavery itself
denounced politics
pacifist
