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APUSH > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

economic legacy after the war

A

debt
more manufacturing opurtunities
profiteers
foreign trade (asia)
still hated taxes
british surpluses flooded market

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2
Q

state level constitutions

A

not written docs, but defined the powers of gov, power derived, bill of rights
annual election of state legislature
weak executive and judicial branches
made after 2nd contiental congress

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3
Q

mass state constitution

A

convention to draft, citizens to ratify, ect
imitated later when creating the US Const

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4
Q

a of c

A

1st gov in the us
adopted in 1777, ratified in 1781
no executive or judical branch
unicameral legislature
1 state = 1 vote
13 states for amendment

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5
Q

congressional powers of a of c

A

to wage war
make/sign treaties
send diplonatic representatives to foriegn nations
borrow money
(advise, advocate, appeal)

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6
Q

strenghts of a of c

A

clearly outlined powers of central gov
held states together until better timing

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7
Q

weaknesses of a of c

A

weak central gov
no power to regulate trade (led to interstate conflict and inflation)
no enforcement power to collect taxes
no common currency
weak military
debt/inflation
coundln’t command, coerce, or control

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8
Q

land ordinace of 1785

A

land of O NW to ve sold and proceeds pay national debt
townships 6 mi (36 sections, 640 acres)
16th section set aside for a school
some land set aside as a source for federal revenue

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9
Q

Old Northwest

A

ohio, illonios, michigan, wiscons, and indiana
ohio was 1st NW territory to become a state

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10
Q

NW ordiance of 1787

A

< 5000 peeps = federal juristicion w/ appointed leaders
> 5,000 males = territory staus, able to elect local leaders
> 60,000 = ability to become state of = status as og 13 (needed approved state const)
forbade slavery N of Ohio R
encouraged education
angered NAI

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11
Q

problems prompting change

A

financial crisis
little forgien respect
domestic upheaval

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12
Q

no foreign respect

A

couldnt pay debts
coundlt unify in crisis
eng was bitter and allied w/ NAI and closed W Indies
spanish greed and closed Mississippi R
french demands for repayment

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13
Q

shay’s rebellion

A

Mass 1786: Daniel shay led 2k war vets intent on shutting down courts so they could no longer take their farms
squashed but debtor relief laws passed

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14
Q

demands of shay’s rebellion

A

issue paper money
lighten taxes
suspend property takeovers

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15
Q

annapolis convenction

A

1786
virg decides to take action and calls a meeting
only 5 states send delegates
calls on Congress for revisison of A of C

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16
Q

consitutional convention

A

may-sep 1787
all but RI
held in secrecy in Philly
COMMON NATIONALIST VIEWPOINT
goal was to reform A of C or create new gov
aimed to give central gov more power, especially in controlling tariffs

17
Q

convention of demigods

A

55 white, wealthy, young, professional males (19 owned slaves)
GW, Hamilton, Maddison, Franklin
not there: Jefferson, John Adams, Paine, Sam Adams, Hancock, and Patrick Henry due to international relations, weren’t chosen, or didnt want to be there
GW unanimouslu elected as chairman

18
Q

republicanism vs democracy

A

R favored land elites, power in the hands of few
D synonymous w/ “mob rule” and corrupt factions
debate on who can vote

19
Q

separation of powers

A

3 branches
legislative (make laws)
judicial (interpret said laws)
executive (enfoce laws)
each branch cheked and balanced each other

20
Q

federalism

A

division of powers b/w national and state govs

21
Q

virginia plan

A

strong, central gov
bicameral legislature where both chambers had rep according to pop

22
Q

new jersey plan

A

unicameral legislature
each state w/ equal vote

23
Q

great compromise

A

bicameral legislarure:
upper house (senate): each state gets 2 senators elected by state legislatures
lower house (hoise or reps): based on pop of each state and directly elected

24
Q

3/5 compromise

A

5 states requested slave pop be counted
each slave was counted as 3/5 a person
benefitted south for voting rights
benefitted north for tax collection
revote on the importation of slacves in 20 yrs (1806)

25
Q

federalists

A

strong, central gov
well-funded and politically organized
GW, Fanklin, Hamilton, Maddison
emphasized weakness of A of C
favored by the rich and educated

26
Q

anti federalists

A

states rights and weak central gov
argued for bill of rights
concern of gov having more power than british did
favored by small farmers and frontiersmen
George Mason, Patrick Henry, Hancock, George Clinton

27
Q

Federalist Papers

A

81 essays
educated and convinced public Const was good
Federalist #10: federalism
Federalist #51: checks and balances

28
Q

Bill of Rights

A

1st 10 ammendmens ratidied in 1791
guaranteed civil liberties

29
Q

conflict after shay’s rebellion

A

conservatives wanted a strogner gov to keep wealth
debtors wanted to keep everything the same so they wouldnt have to pay creditors
both agreed that A of C needed strenghtneing but differentiated over how

30
Q

demigods agreed…

A

economically: protection of private prop
politically: stronger gov w/ 3 branches, safegaurds against the mob, fed judges appt for life, pres elected indirectly

31
Q

democratic elements of the Const

A

gov was based on consent of the governed
powers of gov were limited
citizen virtue guaranteed liberty, justice and order

32
Q

ratifying the Const

A

needed 9 states
4 small states quickly ratified
Penn was 1st big state to do so
Mass was last one after Bill of Rights was agreed to be added

33
Q

4 laggard states

A

NY yieled when it realized it couldnt prosper away from the union
convention in N Caro ended w.out vote
RI had no convention
n hampshire

34
Q

pursuit of equality

A

states reduced prop holdings for voting
titles were more =
indentured servitude was gone by 1800
rediculed hereditary order

35
Q

separation of church and state

A

de-anglized and reformed Anglican church to Protestabt Episcopal Church
congressional church still had power in n eng

36
Q

slavery

A

several N states abloshed or weened it out
some S masters freed slaves
domestic slave trade flourished
laws discriminated against free blacks

37
Q

women

A

republican motherhood
started to become educated in order to raise their kids to be virtuous

APUSH (35 decks)

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