Chapter/Packet 6 Flashcards
Acadians
are an ethnic group descended from the French who settled in the New France colony of Acadia during the 17th and 18th centuries.
French and Indian War
was a theater of the Seven Years’ War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes.
Seven Years’ War
was a global conflict involving most of the major European powers and many smaller European states, as well as nations in Asia and the Americas.
Albany Congress
also known as the Albany Convention of 1754, was a meeting of representatives sent by the legislatures of seven of the 17 British colonies in British America: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island.
regulars
regular customer, member of a team, etc
Battle of Québec
was fought on December 31, 1775, between American Continental Army forces and the British defenders of Quebec City early in the American Revolutionary War. The battle was the first major defeat of the war for the Americans, and it came with heavy losses.
Pontiac’s War
was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of Native Americans dissatisfied with British rule in the Great Lakes region following the French and Indian War. Warriors from numerous nations joined in an effort to drive British soldiers and settlers out of the region.
Proclamation of 1763
British-produced boundary marked in the Appalachian Mountains at the Eastern Continental Divide.
Republicanism
support for a republican system of government.
radical Whigs
theory described two sorts of threats to political freedom: a general moral decay which would invite the intrusion of evil and despotic rulers, and the encroachment of executive authority upon the legislature, the attempt that power always made to subdue the liberty protected by mixed …
mercantilism
a form of economic nationalism that sought to increase the prosperity and power of a nation through restrictive trade practices.
Sugar Act
cut the duty on foreign molasses from 6 to 3 pence per gallon, retained a high duty on foreign refined sugar, and prohibited the importation of all foreign rum.
Quartering Act
required the colonies to house British soldiers in barracks provided by the colonies.
stamp tax
tax that is levied on single property purchases or documents.
admiralty courts
a tribunal with jurisdiction over maritime law, including cases regarding shipping, ocean, and sea laws.
Stamp Act Congress
also known as the Continental Congress of 1765, was a meeting held in New York, New York, consisting of representatives from some of the British colonies in North America.
nonimportation agreements
was an 18th Century boycott that restricted importation of goods to the city of Boston. This agreement was signed on August 1, 1768 by more than 60 merchants and traders. After two weeks, there were only 16 traders who did not join the effort.
Sons of Liberty
was a loosely organized, clandestine, sometimes violent, political organization active in the Thirteen American Colonies founded to advance the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government.
Daughters of Liberty
formal female association that was formed in 1765 to protest the Stamp Act, and later the Townshend Acts,
Declaratory Act
commonly known as the Declaratory Act, was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which accompanied the repeal of the Stamp Act 1765 and the changing and lessening of the Sugar Act.
Townshend Acts
a series of measures, passed by the British Parliament in 1767, that taxed goods imported to the American colonies. B
Boston Massacre
was a confrontation in Boston on March 5, 1770, in which a group of nine British soldiers shot five people out of a crowd of three or four hundred who were abusing them verbally and throwing various missiles.
committees of correspondence
emergency provisional governments set up in the 13 American colonies in response to British policies leading up to the Revolutionary War
Boston Tea Party
was an American political and mercantile protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, Massachusetts, on December 16, 1773.
“Intolerable Acts”
were a series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party. The laws aimed to punish Massachusetts colonists for their defiance in the Tea Party protest of the Tea Act, a tax measure enacted by Parliament in May 1773.
Quebec Act
formally known as the British North America Act 1774, was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain setting procedures of governance in the Province of Quebec.
First Continental Congress
a compact among the colonies to boycott British goods beginning on December 1, 1774,
The Association
to get the British Acts Repealed,
Battle of Lexington and Concord,
were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. The battles were fought on April 19, 1775, in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy, and Cambridge.
Valley Forge
functioned as the third of eight winter encampments for the Continental Army’s main body, commanded by General George Washington, during the American Revolutionary War. In September 1777, Congress fled Philadelphia to escape the British capture of the city.
camp followers
a civilian who works in or is attached to a military camp.
William pitt
Pitt is best known as the wartime political leader of Britain in the Seven Years’ War, especially for his single-minded devotion to victory over France, a victory which ultimately solidified Britain’s dominance over world affairs.
Pontiac
a leader of the Odawa tribe located in the area of modern-day Ontario, Canada, and the Great Lakes region. He led a rebellion against the British colonists after they expanded their military presence in the Great Lakes area during and after the French and Indian War.
John Hancock
As president of the Continental Congress, Hancock is credited as the first signer of the Declaration of Independence. His prominent, stylish signature became famous. (According to legend, Hancock boldly inscribed his name so the English king would not need glasses to read it.)
George Grenville
His best-known policy is the Stamp Act, a long-standing tax in Great Britain which Grenville extended to the colonies in America, but which instigated widespread opposition in Britain’s American colonies and was later repealed.
Charles (“Champagne
Charley”) Townshend
was control of the British ministry and was nicknamed “Champagne Charley” for his brilliant speeches in Parliament while drunk. He persuaded Parliament in 1767 to pass the Townshend Acts. These new regulations was a light import duty on glass, white lead, paper, and tea.
Crispus Attucks
American slave who had escaped, is known for being the first person killed in the Boston Massacre which can also count as the first death in the Revolution itself. George III: King of Great Britain and later Ireland who lost the American Revolution, losing his North American territories.
George iii
the king of England from 1760 to 1820, exercised a greater hand in the government of the American colonies than had many of his predecessors. Colonists were torn between loyalty to the king and resistance to acts carried out in his name.
Lord Nortg
Prime Minister of Britain from 1770-1782 who led Britain through most of the Revolutionary War. Samuel Adams: One of the Founding Fathers of America, a leader of the American Revolution who spread resent against the British to the colonies.
Samuel Adams
played a key role in the defense of colonial rights. He had been a leader of the Sons of Liberty and suggested the formation of the Committees of Correspondence. Adams was crucial in spreading the principle of colonial rights throughout New England and is credited with provoking the Boston Tea Party.
Thomas Hutchinson
was a successful merchant, prominent politician and one of the most important loyalists in the Massachusetts Bay Colony before the American Revolution.
Marquis de Lafayette
Lafayette became an important liaison between America and France. Desperate for French support against the British, Washington and the Continental Congress urged Lafayette to advocate on their behalf with the French government for increased support in their efforts.
Baron von Steuben
Leader of the Boston Tea Party. Baron Von Steuben. A Prussian drill master, volunteered to train the Continental Army at Valley Forge. Significance: He manage to transform the Continental Army to be able to stand up to the British.
Lord Dunmore
British royal governor who encouraged runaway slaves to join his army.
